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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acebutolol in hypertension: Relationships between drug concentration and effects (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 14 (1978), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Acebutolol ; N-acetyl metabolite ; drug plasma concentrations ; plasma renin activity ; hypertension ; β-blockade
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Relationships between plasma concentrations of acebutolol (Ac) and its N-acetyl metabolite (Am) and pharmacological effects were studied in patients with essential hypertension. In an acute study (N=7) 400 mg oral acebutolol produced similar peak plasma levels of Ac and Am but Am had a longer half life. Group mean pulse and blood pressure fell significantly, although the size of individual blood pressure fall varied five-fold. There was no significant change in plasma renin activity. Correlations were found between drug concentration and β-blockade, assessed as % reduction in exercise tachycardia, and between both of these and the fall in post exercise systolic blood pressure. Similar comparisons were made in a chronic optimum dose study (N=11) both pre-dose and three hours post-dose. Am concentration was consistently higher than Ac at both times. Blood pressure was lowered equally pre-and post-dose when compared to placebo and plasma renin activity (PRA) was reduced on active treatment. Correlations were again shown between drug concentrations and β-blockade but none were found with changes in blood pressure or PRA. Between subject differences in blood pressure response could not be fully explained in terms of the other measurements but it is unlikely that pharmacokinetic differences are the major source of this variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716378
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold sensitivity in essential hypertension: the effect of beta- and combined alpha- and beta-blockade (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 33-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cold sensitivity ; hypertension ; alpha- and beta-blockade
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of cold sensitivity was investigated in three groups of patients; untreated hypertensives and hypertensives treated by a beta-adrenoceptor blocker (propranolol) or by a combined alpha-and beta-adrenoceptor blocker (labetalol) at two ambient temperatures. At a comfortable ambient (24°C) one-third of the untreated and those treated with beta-blockade only showed cold sensitivity as compared with 16% of patients on the combined therapy. Under conditions of mild cold stress (20°C) cold sensitivity increased in frequency in all three groups, more than half of the untreated and beta-blocked patients were affected and greater than one-third of those with alpha- and beta-blockade. These findings indicate that in the general population of hypertensives treatment with beta-adrenoceptor blockade alone may have little effect on the peripheral vasculature and that a useful degree of protection may be provided by therapy which blocks both receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00547365
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of biochemical and hypotensive effects of debrisoquine in hypertensive patients (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: debrisoquine ; hypertension ; renin ; catecholamines ; platelet monoamine oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 24 h urinary excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, metadrenaline, normetadrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid, plasma renin activity and plasma and urinary debrisoquine were measured before and during chronic treatment with oral debrisoquine in 14 in-patients with essential hypertension. There was a significant fall (mean ±SD) in the 24 h urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid (15.3±2.8 to 6.7±1.9 µmol) noradrenaline (199.0±105.8 to 125.2±43.3 nmol) and plasma renin activity (0.71±0.47 to 0.40±0.20 pmol Angio I ml−1 h−1) while the urinary normetadrenaline/noradrenaline ratio increased (10.4±6.1 to 17.1±5.1). No significant change was seen in the output of adrenaline or of O-methylated metabolites. Debrisoquine produces extensive noncompetitive inhibition of platelet monoamine oxidase in vivo at low therapeutic plasma concentrations. These changes support the view that treatment with debrisoquine produces intraneuronal inhibition of monoamine oxidase and post-ganglionic blockage. There was a significant correlation between the change in standing diastolic blood pressure and the daily dose (rs=−0.52), pre-dose plasma concentration (rs=−0.85) and mean daily urinary recovery (rs=−0.80), of debrisoquine. The full extent of the biochemical changes were seen at low dose and low plasma concentration and were not directly correlated with the fall in standing or supine blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563111
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family plots for evaluating physical properties of organosilicon compounds (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 373-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400217
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some features of the injection molding of short fiber reinforced thermoplastics in center sprue-gated cavities (1987)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 8 (1987), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper describes an investigation into the fiber orientation in a number of center sprue fed cavities in short glass fiber filled polypropylene and nylon. The data have been interpreted in terms of a generalized five-layer structure resulting from the frozen skin formation and the high and low shear levels in the flowing melt. The implications for scaling up the mold size are discussed from the results obtained with different shot volumes. The fiber structure was observed to depend on location in the molding, local injection time, and injection rate. In addition the occurrence of fiber-free layers within the moldings using the filled polypropylene increases with an increase in shot volume, which produces an inherent ‘scale-up’ problem. Notwithstanding the mold geometry subtleties, the fiber orientation in all the moldings follows similar patterns and trends.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750080104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pumping characteristics of self-wiping twin-screw extruders - A theoretical and experimental study on biopolymer extrusion (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids which obeys a power law relationship between shear stress and shear rate has been modeled in the melt conveying section of a self-wiping co-rotating twin-screw extruder using a finite element analysis of an unwound channel section. Predictions of throughput against pressure gradient are compared with experimentally obtained results for maize grits which is represented as a power law material. Rheological data applicable to extrusion simulation were obtained from capillary rheometry. Comparisons are reasonable with predicted characteristic showing similar behavior.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290702
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure losses in the packing stage of injection molding (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1282-1289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The pressure loss between the mold and the nozzle in the injection molding of bar and box moldings has been monitored. The pressure drop observed during filling of the mold is reduced during the packing stage but remains finite. This has been attributed in the literature to solidification of polymer across the cavity transducer and to melt relaxation phenomena. Experiments have been carried out with hot molds to prolong the packing stage at the expense of the ‘cooling’ stage. Under these circumstances the pressure drop is reduced but not eliminated. The observed pressure drop may be related to the viscosity of the melt and its dependence on pressure and temperature although strain-induced crystallization and the pressure dependence of the melting point can confer effects similar to the cooling stage.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261808
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 2-d numerical study of intermeshing self-wiping screws in biopolymer extrusion (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 1157-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A knowledge of flow behavior is important in the study of laminar flow in twin-screw extrusion processes to predict the velocity distribution and to understand the mixing process. The flow of a power law fluid in self-wiping twin-screw extruders is examined using a two-dimensional finite element analysis of a mid-channel section of intermeshing screws. Theory is compared with experiment using food biopolymer and plastic materials. Comparisons showing overprediction of throughputs, but similarities in behavior, suggest that this model could provide an upper limit for melt conveying. For most of the throughput range examined, pumping of intermeshing self-wiping screws appears to be almost independent of the power law flow index of the melt extruded, but the value of the flow index determines the degree of influence intermeshing has on the overall pressure gradient generated in the extruder.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311513
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