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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arterial hypertension and microalbuminuria in IDDM: The Italian Microalbuminuria Study (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 1015-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; arterial hypertension ; borderline hypertension ; microalbuminuria ; diabetic nephropathy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Arterial hypertension and poor glycaemic control are central to the development of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Recent consensus has established sensitive criteria for their detection and treatment, although the proportion of patients who may benefit is unclear. Between 1988 and 1990, we measured urinary albumin to creatinine concentration ratio (A/C) in 3,636 adult out-patients with IDDM of more than 3 years duration, serum creatinine under 133 μmol/l and who were not undergoing antihypertensive treatment. A/C indicating microalbuminuria (≥ 2.38/2.96 mg/mmol, male/female) was found in 620 of 3,451 patients without proteinuria, and associated with hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or 90 mm Hg; p = 0.0016; rate: 39.6 %), independent of diabetes duration (p = 0.0082) and male gender (p = 0.0350; relative risk = 1.16; 95 % confidence interval: 1.01–1.32). Hypertension was less common among those with normal A/C (27.5 %, p 〈 0.0001) but was positively related with diabetes duration. Of the 1,015 patients with A/C ≥ 2.0 mg/mmol 529 were reexamined. Glycated haemoglobin levels exceeded 3 SD above the mean of normal in 84.3 % of the 198 microalbuminuric patients (AER = 20–200 μg/min), but were comparably poor (79.2 %) in normoalbuminuria. Duration of diabetes was inversely related to glycated haemoglobin only in microalbuminuria (0.05 〈 p 〈 0.1). Intervention to lower blood pressure remains mainly restricted to those patients with long-term diabetes and slower development of kidney disease. Near-normalisation of glycaemia remains the priority for the majority of patients with microalbuminuria. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 1015–1024]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400465
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of renal injury in NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1569-1576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords NIDDM ; renal structure ; microalbuminuria ; glomerular filtration rate.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microalbuminuria predicts overt nephropathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients; however, the structural basis for this functional abnormality is unknown. In this study we evaluated renal structure and function in a cohort of 34 unselected microalbuminuric NIDDM patients (26 male/8 female, age: 58 ± 7 years, known diabetes duration: 11 ± 6 years, HbA1 c: 8.5 ± 1.6 %). Systemic hypertension was present in all but 3. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 101 ± 27 ml · min–1· 1.73 m–2 and albumin excretion rate (AER) 44 (20–199) μg/min. Light microscopic slides were categorized as: C I) normal or near normal renal structure; C II) changes “typical” of diabetic nephropathology in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (glomerular, tubulo-interstitial and arteriolar changes occurring in parallel); C III) “atypical” patterns of injury, with absent or only mild diabetic glomerular changes associated with disproportionately severe renal structural changes including: important tubulo-interstitial with or without arteriolar hyalinosis with or without global glomerular sclerosis. Ten patients (29.4 %) were classified as C I, 10 as C II (29.4 %) and 14 as C III (41.2 %); none of these patients had any definable non-diabetic renal disease. GFR, AER and blood pressure were similar in the three groups, while HbA1 c was higher in C II and C III than in C I patients. Diabetic retinopathy was present in all C II patients (background in 50 % and proliferative in 50 %). None of the patients in C I and C III had proliferative retinopathy, while background retinopathy was observed in 50 % of C I and 57 % of C III patients. In summary, microalbuminuric NIDDM patients are structurally heterogeneous with less than one third having “typical” diabetic nephropathology. The presence of both “typical” and “atypical” patterns of renal pathology was associated with worse metabolic control, suggesting that hyperglycaemia may cause different patterns of renal injury in older NIDDM compared to younger IDDM patients. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1569–1576]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050616
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arterial hypertension and microalbuminuria in IDDM: The Italian Microalbuminuria Study (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 1015-1024 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; arterial hypertension ; borderline hypertension ; microalbuminuria ; diabetic nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Arterial hypertension and poor glycaemic control are central to the development of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Recent consensus has established sensitive criteria for their detection and treatment, although the proportion of patients who may benefit is unclear. Between 1988 and 1990, we measured urinary albumin to creatinine concentration ratio (A/C) in 3,636 adult out-patients with IDDM of more than 3 years duration, serum creatinine under 133 Μmol/l and who were not undergoing antihypertensive treatment. A/C indicating microalbuminuria (≥2.38/ 2.96 mg/mmol, male/female) was found in 620 of 3,451 patients without proteinuria, and associated with hypertension (blood pressure ≥140 and/or 90 mm Hg; p=0.0016; rate: 39.6%), independent of diabetes duration (p=0.0082) and male gender (p=0.0350; relative risk=1.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.32). Hypertension was less common among those with normal A/C (27.5%, p〈0.0001) but was positively related with diabetes duration. Of the 1,015 patients with A/C〉2.0 mg/mmol 529 were reexamined. Glycated haemoglobin levels exceeded 3 SD above the mean of normal in 84.3% of the 198 microalbuminuric patients (AER=20–200 Μg/min), but were comparably poor (79.2%) in normoalbuminuria. Duration of diabetes was inversely related to glycated haemoglobin only in microalbuminuria (0.05〈p〈0.1). Intervention to lower blood pressure remains mainly restricted to those patients with long-term diabetes and slower development of kidney disease. Near-normalisation of glycaemia remains the priority for the majority of patients with microalbuminuria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400465
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous nature of microalbuminuria in NIDDM: studies of endothelial function and renal structure (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; microalbuminuria ; von Willebrand factor ; endothelial function ; renal structure.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microalbuminuria (MA) is associated with microangiopathy (renal and retinal lesions) in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. In contrast MA does not reflect microvascular damage in a substantial number of non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. MA predicts cardiovascular disease in NIDDM patients with increased von Willebrand factor (vWF) plasma levels which are hypothesized to reflect endothelial dysfunction. However, it is not known whether MA is consequent to generalised endothelial dysfunction or to renal injury. Thus, this study evaluated vWF plasma levels in relation to renal and retinal structural abnormalities in NIDDM patients with MA. Kidney biopsies, fundoscopy and measures of vWF plasma levels were performed in 32 NIDDM patients with MA. These patients were allocated to two renal structural categories: A) Without renal structural abnormalities (C I, n = 10): normal or near-normal renal structure, and B) With renal structural abnormalities (n = 22), further divided into: C II (n = 12) with typical diabetic nephropathology, predominantly glomerulopathy, and C III (n = 10) with atypical patterns of renal injury (more advanced tubulo-interstitial and arteriolar than glomerular changes). vWF plasma levels were significantly higher in category B (C II: 195 ± 49 % and C III: 161 ± 46 %) than in category A (C I: 119 ± 42 %), (chi-square, p 〈 0.05). Diabetic retinopathy was also related to vWF plasma levels (ANOVA, p 〈 0.05). These data suggest that there are two types of MA in NIDDM: one associated with increased vWF levels, established renal injury and frequently retinopathy, and the other characterized by normal vWF levels, normal renal structure and absent or mild diabetic retinopathy. We propose that vWF plasma levels in NIDDM patients with MA may help to identify patients with important renal structural changes, increased retinopathy risk and, perhaps, generalised endothelial dysfunction. Whether vWF plasma levels predict end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular events deserves longitudinal studies. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 233–236]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050895
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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