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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The association of the insulin resistance syndrome with impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM in the Japanese general population: the Hisayama study (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 897-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin resistance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; impaired glucose tolerance ; population-based study ; epidemiology ; Japanese ; Hisayama study.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To elucidate the risk factors for initiating glucose intolerance, the relevant factors were explored in a cross-sectional survey conducted in a sample population aged 40–79 years old selected from a Japanese community, Hisayama, Japan in 1988. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was used to classify 1,073 men (72.5 % of the entire population in the same age range) and 1,407 women (80.5 %) into normal, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus groups. In all age and sex groups with normal glucose tolerance, the sum of fasting and 2-h post-load insulin values varied widely and demonstrated significant positive correlations with triglycerides, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while it negatively correlated to HDL cholesterol (p 〈 0.05). Insulin resistance was presumed to develop in normal glucose tolerance subjects with hyperinsulinaemia. The sum of the insulin concentrations, triglycerides, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and blood pressure levels was significantly associated with impaired glucose tolerance in all age and sex groups after adjustment for age (p 〈 0.05) and was also related to diabetes in either all or some age and sex groups, respectively (p 〈 0.05). It was shown that glucose intolerance in the general population was associated with the factors related to insulin resistance. These cross-sectional data, therefore, support the hypothesis that insulin resistance is the primary defect in the development of glucose intolerance in the Japanese general population. However, a further prospective study is still needed in order to confirm this hypothesis. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 897–904]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400945
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A human pancreatic islet inwardly rectifying potassium channel: cDNA cloning, determination of the genomic structure and genetic variations in Japanese NIDDM patients (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 447-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Potassium channel ; inward rectifier ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; genetics ; single strand conformation polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ligand gated potassium channels, such as the ATP-regulated potassium channel, play crucial roles in coupling of stimuli to insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Mutations in the genes might lead to the insulin secretory defects observed in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We isolated a cDNA encoding a putative subunit of a ligand gated potassium channel from a human islet cDNA library. The channel, which we designated hiGIRK2, appeared to be an alternative spliced variant and a human homologue of recently reported mbGIRK2, KATP-2/BIR1. Transcripts were detected in human brain and pancreas, but not in other tissues including cardiac muscle. The sizes of transcripts in the pancreas differed from those in the brain, suggesting tissue-specific alternative splicing and possible isoforms. We then isolated human genomic clones, determined the complete genomic structure and localized the gene to chromosome 21 (21q22). The gene was comprised of four exons and the protein was encoded by three exons. The entire coding region of the hiGIRK2 gene was scanned by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in 80 Japanese NIDDM patients. We found five nucleotide substitutions; three were silent mutations of the third base of codons, one in the first intron, 9 bases upstream of exon 2, and one in the 3′-untranslated region. We conclude that mutations in the gene encoding MGIRK2, a (subunit of) ligand gated potassium channel, is not a major determinant of the susceptibility to NIDDM in Japanese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400676
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The association of the insulin resistance syndrome with impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM in the Japanese general population: the Hisayama study (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 897-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin resistance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; impaired glucose tolerance ; population-based study ; epidemiology ; Japanese ; Hisayama study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To elucidate the risk factors for initiating glucose intolerance, the relevant factors were explored in a cross-sectional survey conducted in a sample population aged 40–79 years old selected from a Japanese community, Hisayama, Japan in 1988. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was used to classify 1,073 men (72.5% of the entire population in the same age range) and 1,407 women (80.5%) into normal, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus groups. In all age and sex groups with normal glucose tolerance, the sum of fasting and 2-h post-load insulin values varied widely and demonstrated significant positive correlations with triglycerides, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while it negatively correlated to HDL cholesterol (p〈0.05). Insulin resistance was presumed to develop in normal glucose tolerance subjects with hyperinsulinaemia. The sum of the insulin concentrations, triglycerides, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and blood pressure levels was significantly associated with impaired glucose tolerance in all age and sex groups after adjustment for age (p〈0.05) and was also related to diabetes in either all or some age and sex groups, respectively (p〈0.05). It was shown that glucose intolerance in the general population was associated with the factors related to insulin resistance. These cross-sectional data, therefore, support the hypothesis that insulin resistance is the primary defect in the development of glucose intolerance in the Japanese general population. However, a further prospective study is still needed in order to confirm this hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400945
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A human pancreatic islet inwardly rectifying potassium channel: cDNA cloning, determination of the genomic structure and genetic variations in Japanese NIDDM patients (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 447-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Potassium channel ; inward rectifier ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; genetics ; single strand conformation polymorphism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ligand gated potassium channels, such as the ATP-regulated potassium channel, play crucial roles in coupling of stimuli to insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Mutations in the genes might lead to the insulin secretory defects observed in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We isolated a cDNA encoding a putative subunit of a ligand gated potassium channel from a human islet cDNA library. The channel, which we designated hiGIRK2, appeared to be an alternative spliced variant and a human homologue of recently reported mbGIRK2, KATP-2/BIR1. Transcripts were detected in human brain and pancreas, but not in other tissues including cardiac muscle. The sizes of transcripts in the pancreas differed from those in the brain, suggesting tissue-specific alternative splicing and possible isoforms. We then isolated human genomic clones, determined the complete genomic structure and localized the gene to chromosome 21 (21q22). The gene was comprised of four exons and the protein was encoded by three exons. The entire coding region of the hiGIRK2 gene was scanned by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in 80 Japanese NIDDM patients. We found five nucleotide substitutions; three were silent mutations of the third base of codons, one in the first intron, 9 bases upstream of exon 2, and one in the 3 ′-untranslated region. We conclude that mutations in the gene encoding hiGIRK2, a (subunit of) ligand gated potassium channel, is not a major determinant of the susceptibility to NIDDM in Japanese. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 447–452]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400676
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overexpression of mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase does not correct glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from diabetic GK rat pancreatic islets (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 649-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ; GK rat ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; insulin secretion ; adenovirus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is impaired in GK (Goto-Kakizaki) rats, perhaps because of abnormalities in glucose metabolism in pancreatic islet beta cells. The glycerol phosphate shuttle plays a major role in glucose metabolism by reoxidizing cytosolic NADH generated by glycolysis. In the pancreatic islets of GK rats, the activity of mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH), the key enzyme of the glycerol phosphate shuttle, is decreased and this abnormality may be responsible, at least in part, for impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. To investigate this possibility, we overexpressed mGPDH in islets isolated from GK rats via recombinant adenovirus-mediated gene transduction, and examined glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In islets isolated from diabetic GK rats at 8 to 10 weeks of age, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was severely impaired, and mGPDH activity was decreased to 79 % of that in non-diabetic Wistar rats. When mGPDH was overexpressed in islets from GK rats, enzyme activity and protein content increased 2- and 6-fold, respectively. Basal (3 mmol/l glucose) and glucose-stimulated (20 mmol/l) insulin secretion from the Adex1CAlacZ-infected GK rat islets were, respectively, 4.4 ± 0.7 and 8.1 ± 0.7 ng · islet−1· 30 min−1, and those from mGPDH-overexpressed GK rat islets 4.7 ± 0.3 and 9.1 ± 0.8 ng · islet−1· 30 min−1, in contrast to those from the Adex1CAlacZ-infected non-diabetic Wistar rat islets (4.7 ± 1.6 and 47.6 ± 11.9 ng · islet−1· 30 min−1). Thus, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is severely impaired in GK rats even in the stage when mGPDH activity is modestly decreased, and at this stage, overexpression of mGPDH cannot restore glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We conclude that decreased mGPDH activity in GK rat islets is not the defect primarily responsible for impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 649–653]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050963
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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