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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 66 (1987), S. 267-275 
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: contrast ; image degradation ; pattern ERG ; retinal illuminance ; spatial frequency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The contrast of a retinal image is less than that of the external stimulus owing to a process of optical degradation. Theoretical studies have shows that this affects the pattern and illuminance detectors of the retina differently and provides a new insight into the nature of contrast stimulation and the mechanisms responsible for the pattern electroretinogram. Consensus data on the optical transfer function of the eye are applied to the Fourier transform of the pattern stimulus and the retinal illuminance distribution is determined. The checkerboard image is shown to undergo substantial degradation for those check sizes used in experimental and clinical observations. Current concepts of contrast and modes of stimulation are examined and methods are described for quantifying the effects on stimulation of illuminance and pattern detectors. The findings are applied to experimental data on spatial tuning functions of electroretinograms elicited by checkerboard pattern stimulation. It is concluded that the signal predominantly originates from local illuminance, but that this can account for only part of the response with small check sizes. The remainder must be a highly selective response to spatial frequency. If the predicted degradation is accepted, a similar conclusion must be reached for many previously reported tuning functions of the pattern electroretinogram as well as to the present experiment on eight normal eyes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 66 (1987), S. 233-244 
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: bar pattern ; electroretinogram luminance ; pattern ERG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pattern onset electroretinograms (PERGs) were recorded from four normal subjects. Square-wave gratings of 75% contrast were presented in three approximately contiguous, concentric zones of outer angular radius, 5.1°, 12.6°, and 23.6°. The zones were calculated to give equal numbers of ganglion cell receptive fields. The recorded PERGs were considered to include luminance and pattern components which have low and bandpass spatial tuning functions respectively. These components combine in the PERG to produce a broad spatial tuning characteristic. The amplitude of PERGs in response to low spatial frequency stimuli is widely reported to be linearly related to contrast. The retinal illuminance response at every spatial frequency was computed from the eye's modulation transfer function. This function characterizes the reduction in contrast that occurs because of optical degradation. The computed retinal illuminance response was subtracted from the PERG waveform and a pattern-specific response was revealed. The latter had a highly tuned bandpass function which peaked at higher spatial frequencies than the PERG at corresponding peripheral angles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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