Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition and removal of metronidazole in patients undergoing haemodialysis (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 683-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metronidazole ; haemodialysis ; renal disease ; pharmacokinetics ; metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and haemodialysis clearance of metronidazole were investigated in four renal failure patients after a single 500 mg intravenous dose and in two renal failure patients on continuous treatment with metronidazole. During dialysis, the volume of distribution of metronidazole was 0.60±0.04 l/kg, total clearance was 196.0±60.6 ml/min and the elimination half-life had an harmonic mean of 2.14 h. Extraction across the dialyser was 51.5±7.8% and was limited to the distribution of drug in plasma water. Dialysis clearance was 125.0±32.7 ml/min, which represented 62±6% of total clearance and was 1.75 times the sum of the other clearance mechanisms. The hydroxy metabolite was extracted and cleared by the dialyser to the same degree as metronidazole itself. During the 4 h-dialysis 44.9±2.6% of the dose was removed by the dialyser in the four patients administered a single dose. Metronidazole is efficiently cleared and extensively removed by dialysis, and therefore dosage adjustments and alterations in the timing of dosage administration are essential in patients undergoing haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542359
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inter- and intra-subject variation in the first-pass elimination of highly cleared drugs during chronic dosing (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: verapamil ; first-pass metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; interindividual variation ; intraindividual variation ; chronic administration ; deuterated verapamil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of verapamil in five healthy volunteers were investigated on 4 occasions during chronic administration of deuterated verapamil. There was no statistically significant difference in oral clearance, terminal half-life, bioavailability, morning trough level and peak concentration or in the time of their occurrence on the four occasions. The plasma clearance, however, exhibited considerable inter- and intra-individual variation, ranging between 26.3% and 85.4% and 12.0% and 48.0%, respectively. Comparison of these pharmacokinetic parameters with data from previous single dose studies in the same subjects revealed a significant (p〈0.05) decrease in the clearance and an increase in the apparent bioavailability of verapamil during chronic administration, although no difference in the half-life was found. Due to the considerable variation in the oral clearance of verapamil during chronic dosing, steady-state conditions in a strict pharmacokinetic sense may never be attained, and pharmacokinetic data obtained in single dose studies will be of limited value in predicting steady-state plasma concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00546708
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective plasma protein binding of ibuprofen enantiomers (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ibuprofen ; enantiomers ; stereoselective protein binding ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have developed a novel and reproducible method for determining the plasma protein binding of the two ibuprofen enantiomers in the presence of each other. The method involves the use of radiolabelled racemic ibuprofen, equilibrium dialysis, derivatization of the enantiomers to diastereomeric amides, high-performance liquid chromatography, and radiochemical analysis. We have determined the plasma protein binding of R(−)- and S(+)-ibuprofen in 6 healthy male volunteers after the oral administration of 800 mg racemic ibuprofen. The mean time-averaged percentage unbound of the R(−)-enantiomer, 0.419 was significantly less than that of the S(+)-enantiomer, 0.643, consistent with stereoselective plasma protein binding. The percentage unbound of each ibuprofen enantiomer was concentration-dependent over the therapeutic concentration range and was influenced by the presence of its optical antipode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558161
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of the intravenous and oral pharmacokinetic parameters of D,L-verapamil using stable isotope-labelled verapamil (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 133-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: verapamil ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; hepatic first-pass metabolism ; stable isotopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Following i. v. administration, the plasma concentration-time curve of verapamil could best be described by either a mono- or biexponential equation. Total plasma clearance (1.26 l/min) approached liver blood flow (1.5 l/min), so it can be concluded that its clearance is liver blood flow-dependent. Although absorption was almost complete after oral administration, absolute bioavailability (20%) was low, due to extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism. The approach using stable isotope-labelled and unlabelled drug permits simultaneous administration by the intravascular and extravascular routes, thus allowing determination of absolute bioavailability in a single experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568400
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of effect of paracetamol on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of codeine in man (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 379-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Codeine ; paracetamol ; codeine-6-glucuronide ; pharmacokinetics ; metabolism ; partial clearance ; drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma and urine concentrations of codeine and its measurable metabolites were determined by HPLC in six healthy subjects after a single 30 mg oral dose of codeine either alone or after 7 doses of 1 g paracetamol 8 hourly. After codeine alone, the t1/2 (h), AUC (μmol·l−1·h) and CLR (ml·min−1) for codeine were 2.2, 0.81, and 252 respectively. These were not significantly altered by paracetamol: 2.2, 0.84, and 291 respectively. For codeine-6-glucuronide the values were 2.4, 22.0, and 29.7 respectively. These were not significantly different from those after codeine plus paracetamol: 2.4, 21.9, and 39.6. There were no significant differences between the two treatments in the apparent partial clearances (ml·min−1) of codeine to morphine (88 codeine alone, 70 codeine plus paracetamol), to norcodeine (71 codeine alone, 88 codeine plus paracetamol), and to codeine-6-glucoronide (820 codeine alone, 1022 codeine plus paracetamol). The urinary excretion of codeine-6-glucuronide, morphine, norcodeine, and codeine were not significantly different between the two treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314972
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Rückstandsverhalten von Chloramphenicol nach intramuskulärer Applikation beim Schwein (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 24 (1985), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Chloramphenicol ; pharmacokinetics ; residue ; pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Residues of Chloramphenicol (CAP) were examined in 24 pigs after intramuscular injection of 30 mg CAP/kg body weight. Two pigs were slaughtered after 3, 6, 12,18, 24, 36 hours, 2, 3, 6, 10, 21 and 30 days, respectively. CAP-concentrations were determined in muscle, blood, urine, liver, kidney, bile, and fat. Methods used were gas-liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. Detection limits reached were 1−5 ppb. The concentration-time curves obtained reflected a long elimination phase and allowed only calculation of this half-life. Elimination half-life was estimated to be for muscle, blood and urine 160–170 hours, for kidney 310 and for bile 250 hours. Significant correlations were found to exist between CAP-concentrations in plasma and muscle. It appears that blood would be a good body fluid for monitoring CAP-residues in tissue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Untersuchung des Rückstandsverhaltens von Chloramphenicol (CAP) wurden 24 Mastschweine, 24–28 Wochen alt, intramuskulär mit 30 mg CAP/kg Körpergewicht behandelt und je 2 Tiere nach 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 Stunden, 2, 3, 6, 10, 21 und 30 Tagen geschlachtet. Die CAP-Gehalte in Muskulatur, Blut, Urin, Leber, Niere, Galle und Fett wurden gaschromatographisch und radioimmunologisch bestimmt. Die Nachweisgrenze beider Methoden liegt in Abhängigkeit von der Matrix zwischen 1 und 5 ppb. Die erhaltenen Kinetiken weisen eine terminale Elimination auf, deren Halbwertszeiten für Muskulatur, Blut und Urin ca. 160–170 Stunden, für Niere 310 Stunden und für Galle 250 Stunden betragen. Die CAP-Konzentration in Muskulatur und Blut weisen eine signifikante, lineare Korrelation auf. Blutuntersuchungen könnten deshalb als Screening-Methode bei umfangreichen Rückstandskontrollen eingesetzt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02020458
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...