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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical properties of the pathogenesis-related proteins from tobacco (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 89 (1983), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Nicotiana tabacum ; tobacco mosaic virus ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This review describes the discovery and identification of the pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) from tobacco. In crude leaf extracts the PRs are distinguished from the proteins in uninfected plants by their solubility at pH 3, resistance to a range of proteases, and mobility in polyacrylamide gels upon electrophoresis (PAGE) in non-denaturing conditions. PAGE has been used as a qualitative and semi-quantitative assay for PRs, and their migration in gels made from different acrylamide concentrations has been used to identify charge and size isomers and electrophoretically identical PRs in different tobacco cultivars. The subunit composition and molecular weight (mol. wt) of the four PRs identified first in ‘Xanthi-nc’ were determined by SDS-PAGE; staining the gels has shown that these same four proteins in ‘Samsun NN’ did not contain carbohydrate, lipid or nucleic acid, nor were they isozymic forms of twenty five enzymes known to increase in activity following infection with TMV. Evidence suggests that most of the PRs in ‘Xanthi-nc’ and ‘Samsun NN’ are extracellular. The purification of several PRs from ‘Xanthi-nc’, ‘Samsun NN’ and other tobaccos is described, as well as their mol. wt, subunit and amino acid composition. PRs 1a, b and c consist of a single polypeptide and have similar mol. wt and amino acid compositions. Antisera prepared against purified ‘Xanthi-nc’ b1 protein have been used to determine serological relationships between PRs and form the basis of a very sensitive quantitative assay using ELISA. The regulation of synthesis of some PRs has been shown to involve translational control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01995260
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic and serological comparisons of pathogenesis-related (b) proteins from different plant species (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 89 (1983), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Gynura aurantiaca ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Malus sylvestris ; amphidiploïdNicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi ; Nicotiana sylvestris ; Nicotiana tabacum ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Vigna sinensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Preparations of pathogenesis-related (b) proteins (PRs) from differentNicotiana species, tomato,Gynura aurantiaca, bean, and cowpea were compared to each other and to bean chitinase and a constitutive apple agglutinin by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels both in the absence and in the presence of SDS, and by serological double diffusion analysis using antisera against tobacco PRs and bean chitinase. PRs from different plant genera displayed a similar but not identical range of relative mobilities in both native and SDS gels, whereas bean chitinase and apple agglutinin were clearly different. None of the antisera reacted with any of the PR preparations from plant genera other than the one from which the antigen(s) had been derived. Whilst PRs within the genusNicotiana are serologically related and can be identical, PRs from different plant genera seem to be sufficiently different to be considered as genus-specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01995264
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simplified resin membrane technique for extracting phosphorus from soils (1990)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 24 (1990), S. 173-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Phosphate ; resin beads ; resin membranes ; resin-strips ; anion exchange resin ; cation exchange resin ; P sorption capacity ; exchangeable Ca ; phosphate rocks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A simplified procedure for determining the amount of phosphate (P) extracted from soils by ion exchange resin membranes is reported. Strips of anion (HCO 3 - form) and cation (Na+ form) exchange membrane were shaken with suspensions of soil in deionised water for 16–17 hours. After shaking, the strips were thoroughly rinsed in deionised water before the phosphate retained on the anion exchange resin strip was determined by shaking the strip directly with phosphate reagent. Compared to the common use of resin beads in nylon mesh bags, this resin membrane procedure is simpler, more convenient, and because an elution step is omitted, less time consuming. The mixed resin membrane method for soil phosphate extraction was compared to the use of resin bags on four New Zealand soils, contrasting in P sorbing capacity and exchangeable calcium. The soils were preincubated with and without 240 mg P kg−1 soil with three P sources of different solubilities. The resin strips extracted amounts of P which were closely correlated (R2 = 0.972) with that extracted by the resin bags. The amounts of P extracted by the mixed resin procedure were in proportion to the solubility of the P sources in each soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01073586
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the relative agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rocks under glasshouse conditions (1993)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 34 (1993), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Dry matter yield ; exchangeable Ca ; phosphate rocks ; P sorption capacity ; relative agronomic effectiveness ; substitution ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Six phosphate rocks (PRs) of varying reactivities were compared with monocalcium phosphate (MCP) in a glasshouse experiment growing perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Nui) as the test plant on four soils of contrasting P sorption capacity and exchangeable Ca. The cumulative dry matter yield over 10 harvests showed a significant response to P application in all soils. Based on relative yield and P uptake, MCP was the most effective P fertilizer followed by the reactive phosphate rocks, which were superior to the unreactive rocks in all soils. The relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) and substitution ratio (SR) of individual PR fertilizers, calculated with respect to MCP using the methods of ‘vertical’ and ‘horizontal’ comparison, respectively, were similar over a range of fertilizer rate. There was a decline or slight increase in the performance of PRs with time in the low P sorption soils but a consistent increase in the high P sorption soils. Some initial influence of exchangeable Ca content of the soils on the relative performance of PRs was also observed. Generally the PRs performed better in high P sorption soils than low P sorption soils and in low exchangeable Ca soils than high exchangeable Ca soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750109
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and evaluation of an improved soil test for phosphorus. 2. Comparison of the Olsen and mixed cation-anion exchange resin tests for predicting the yield of ryegrass grown in pots (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 33 (1992), S. 135-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Mixed cation-anion exchange resin P ; Olsen P ; phosphate rocks ; P sorption capacity ; P sources ; Resin P ; ryegrass ; soil testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A glasshouse experiment was conducted on four soils contrasting in P sorption capacity and exchangeable Ca content with perennial ryegrass using six phosphate rock (PR) sources and a soluble P source applied at four rates (including a control). After three harvests (11 weeks) replicate pots of each treatment were destructively sampled and Olsen P and mixed cation-anion exchange resin (Resin P) extractions carried out. The remaining replicated treatments were harvested another seven times (during 41 weeks). Yields (for the last seven harvests) were expressed as percentages of the maximum yield attainable with MCP. In general, the Resin P test extracted more than twice as much P as the Olsen test. There was a significant increase in Resin P with an increase in the amount of each P source in all four soils, but Olsen P values were not significantly different for soils treated with different rates of each phosphate rock. The abilities of the Olsen and mixed resin soil P tests to predict the cumulative dry matter yield from 7 harvests and the relative yield of ryegrass were compared. Correlations between measured yield (for the last 7 harvests) and soil test for each soil, and relative yield and soil test for all four soils were assessed by regression analysis using Mitscherlich-type models. When dry matter yields were regressed separately against soil test values for each soil, the Resin P consistently accounted for 18–28% more of the variation in yield than did Olsen P. For Resin P a single function was not significantly different from the separate functions fitted to MCP and PR treatments. However, for Olsen P the separate functions for the MCP and PR treatments varied significantly from the single fitted function. The Resin P test (R2 = 0.84) was a better predictor of relative yields over this range of soils than the Olsen test (R2 = 0.75). Two regression models based on the regression of relative yield for MCP treatments against either Olsen or Resin were developed. These models were then fitted to the relative yield data on soils fertilized with PRs only. The Olsen P model was found to be a poorer predictor (R2 = 0.41) than the Resin P model (R2 = 0.73) because it underestimated the observed yield of the PR treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01051168
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