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Hydrodynamics and mixing in a multiple air-lift loop reactor (1993)

Bakker, W. A. M. ; van Can, H. J. L. ; Tramper, J. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 994-1001

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ISSN: 0006-3592

Keywords: multiple air-lift loop reactor ; reactor series ; plug flow ; hydrodynamics ; modeling ; mixing ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: A new bioreactor, in which a series of air-lift reactors with an internal loop is incorporated into one vessel, is introduced. With this multiple air-lift loop reactor (MAL) and approximation of an aerated plug-flow fermentor is strived for. Mixing, liquid velocity, and gas holdup were measured as a function of the gas flow rate in this new internal-loop reactor geometry. As a reference, hydrodynamics were also investigated in a conventional internal-loop reactor. A model description of the hydrodynamics in the second compartment of the MAL is given. This model is based on a two-phase, drift-flux model and a friction coefficient. Frictional losses were independent of the reactor bottom geometry, and were observed to increase with the gas flow rate as a result of the presence of stationary gas bubbles in the downcomer. The hydrodynamics and mixing of the second MAL compartment were comparable with those of conventional internal-loop reactors. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420810

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Hybridomas in a bioreactor cascade: modeling and determination of growth and death kinetics (1996)

Bakker, W. A. M. ; Schäfer, T. ; Beeftink, H. H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Cytotechnology 21 (1996), S. 263-277

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ISSN: 1573-0778

Keywords: hybridomas ; serum-free medium ; monoclonal antibodies ; reactor series ; kinetics ; modeling

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Abstract Hybridomas were cultured under steady-state conditions in a series of two continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTRs), using a serum-free medium. The substrate not completely converted in the first CSTR, was transported with the cells to the second one and very low growth rates, high death rates, and lysis of viable cells were observed in this second CSTR. These conditions are hardly accessible in a single vessel, because such experiments would be extremely time-consuming and unstable due to a low viability. In contrast to what is often observed in literature, kinetic parameters could thus be derived without the neccessity for extrapolation to lower growth rates. Good agreement with literature averages for other hybridomas was found. Furthermore, showing that the reactor series is a valuable research tool for kinetic studies under extreme conditions, the possibility to observe cell death under stable and defined steady-state conditions offers interesting opportunities to investigate apoptosis and necrosis. Additionally, a model was developed that describes hybridoma growth and monoclonal antibody production in the bioreactor cascade on the basis of glutamine metabolism. Good agreement between the model and the experiments was found.