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  • Chemistry  (3)
  • scanning dielectric microscope  (2)
  • Bias-voltage effect  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric analysis of polystyrene microcapsules using scanning dielectric microscope (1998)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 276 (1998), S. 373-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Dielectric dispersion ; polystyrene microcapsule ; scanning dielectric microscope ; interfacial polarization ; dielectric imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  A dielectric imaging technique with a scanning dielectric microscope was applied to polystyrene microcapsules in an aqueous environment to study the electrical properties of individual ones. The dielectric images obtained over a frequency range from 10 kHz to 10 MHz showed frequency dependence, which indicated dielectric dispersion (or relaxation) due to interfacial polarization or the build up of charge on the boundaries between the microcapsule shell and the aqueous phases. The dielectric dispersion was analyzed based on an equivalent electrical circuit model and a shell-sphere model in which a spherical core is covered with an insulating shell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050254
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric imaging of biological cells (1995)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 273 (1995), S. 1095-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Dielectric relaxation ; scanning dielectric microscope ; interfacial polarization ; biological cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A dielectric technique that can image local permittivity and conductivity has been applied to living biological cells in an aqueous environment. The local permittivity and conductivity were measured between 10 kHz and 10 MHz with a fine probe electrode, which was laterally scanned over cells on a plate electrode. The dielectric images of the cells depended on frequency, indicating dielectric relaxation that is due to interfacial polarization. The low-frequency image (at ∼10 KHz) in which the cells have high permittivity and low conductivity compared with the medium results from the presence of the plasma membrane with high resistivity. The dielectric image of the cell interior is obtainable at high frequencies (∼10 MHz), where the plasma membrane is short-circuited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00657679
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical approach and the practice to the evaluation of structural parameters characterizing concentration polarization alongside ion-exchange membranes by means of dielectric measurement (1993)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 271 (1993), S. 766-773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Bias-voltage effect ; concentration polarization ; dielectric relaxation ; electrodialysis ; ion-exchange membrane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract As the application of a dielectric theory proposed previously (J Membrane Sci 64:153–161 (1991)), theoretical formulation and the practical procedure of dielectric analysis are developed to calculate the structural parameters such as the conductivity gradient and the thickness of the concentration polarization layer, the capacitances and the conductances of the two adjoining aqueous phases from the observed dielectric parameters. The procedure of calculation consequent upon the theoretical formulation was applied to double relaxation data observed for cation-exchange membrane systems under application of d.c. bias voltage. As a consequence, the structural parameters of concentration polarization were readily obtained with accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00660093
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repassivation of titanium and surface oxide film regenerated in simulated bioliquid (1998)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 40 (1998), S. 530-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: titanium ; dissolution ; surface oxide ; repassivation ; simulated bioliquid ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The change in potential during repassivation of titanium in artificial bioliquids was examined, and the regenerated surface oxide film on titanium was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy to elucidate the repassivation reaction of titanium in a biological system. The repassivation rate in Hanks' solution was slower than that in saline and was not influenced by the pH of the solution. This indicates that more titanium ions dissolve in a biological system than hitherto was predicted when the surface film is destroyed. Phosphate ions are taken up preferentially in the surface film during regeneration, and the film consists of titanium oxide and titanium oxyhydroxide containing titanium phosphate. Calcium ions and phosphate ions are adsorbed by the film after regeneration, and calcium phosphate or calcium titanium phosphate is formed at the outermost surface. Ions constituting Hanks' solution other than calcium and phosphate were absent from the surface oxide. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 40, 530-538, 1998.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XPS and x-ray diffraction characterization of thin Co-Al-N alloy films prepared by reactive sputtering deposition (1998)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 26 (1998), S. 659-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: XPS ; nanogranular materials ; Co-Al-N ; magnetic materials ; thin film ; nano-composite ; x-ray diffraction ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin (Co0.8Al0.2)100-xNx (x=0-30 at.%) alloy films prepared by a reactive radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering method were characterized by XPS and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film with no nitrogen consisted of a CsCl-type CoAl metallic compound, while the nitrogen-containing alloys were composed of very fine AlN and face-centred cubic (fcc) Co phases. The quantitative XPS analysis under an assumption of uniform distribution of all the elements resulted in much lower concentrations of Co and higher concentrations of Al and N in comparison with the bulk composition for the nitrogen-containing alloys. By taking account of the granular structure of the alloy films, i.e. the nanoscale particles of fcc Co embedded in the AlN compound, the results of quantitative XPS analysis were explained successfully. Moreover, the thickness of the AlN layer and the size of the fcc Co particles were also able to be estimated under the nanoscale structure models. The results were in good agreement with observation by transmission electron microscopy, especially when a nanostructure model was adopted where nanoscale Co-N particles are dispersed in AlN matrix in a simple cubic-like arrangement. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Herstellung von acetonlöslichen Celluloseacetaten (1924)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 37 (1924), S. 414-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19240372603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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