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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental economics 2 (1999), S. 5-30 
    ISSN: 1573-6938
    Keywords: public goods ; voluntary provision ; heterogeneous agents ; H41 ; C92
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the effects of heterogeneity and incomplete information on aggregate contributions to a public good using the voluntary contribution mechanism. The non-linear laboratory environment has three-person groups as partners under varying conditions of information and communication. Bergstrom, Blum and Varian predict that increasing heterogeneity will have no effect on aggregate contributions in a no-communication environment. Ledyard conjectures a positive effect of incomplete information, a negative effect of heterogeneity, and a positive interaction of heterogeneity and incomplete information. We find that incomplete information has a small but significantnegative effect. Heterogeneity has apositive effect on aggregate contributions, but its effects interact unexpectedly with communication. In a no-communication environment, heterogeneity in two dimensions (endowment and preferences) increases contributions substantially while heterogeneity in a single dimension (endowment or preferences) has little effect. In the communication environment we find the reverse. We also find a positive interaction between heterogeneity and incomplete information. Thus we reject the Bergstrom, Blume and Varian invariance result and provide mixed evidence on Ledyard's conjectures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental economics 2 (1999), S. 5-30 
    ISSN: 1573-6938
    Keywords: public goods ; voluntary provision ; heterogeneous agents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the effects of heterogeneity and incomplete information on aggregate contributions to a public good using the voluntary contribution mechanism. The non-linear laboratory environment has three-person groups as partners under varying conditions of information and communication. Bergstrom, Blum and Varian predict that increasing heterogeneity will have no effect on aggregate contributions in a no-communication environment. Ledyard conjectures a positive effect of incomplete information, a negative effect of heterogeneity, and a positive interaction of heterogeneity and incomplete information. We find that incomplete information has a small but significant negative effect. Heterogeneity has a positive effect on aggregate contributions, but its effects interact unexpectedly with communication. In a no-communication environment, heterogeneity in two dimensions (endowment and preferences) increases contributions substantially while heterogeneity in a single dimension (endowment or preferences) has little effect. In the communication environment we find the reverse. We also find a positive interaction between heterogeneity and incomplete information. Thus we reject the Bergstrom, Blume and Varian invariance result and provide mixed evidence on Ledyard's conjectures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The fast tautomeric equilibrium of (N15)-4-phenylisoxazolin-5-one (2) has been investigated by a study of 2J(N15—H3) coupling. Comparison of the observed values for 2 and for the two fixed forms (N15)-2-methyl-4-phenylisoxazolin-5-one (3) and (N15)-4-phenyl-5-methoxyisoxazol (4) indicates a considerable amount of enolic type structure for 2 in basic media.
    Notes: La comparasion des constantes de couplage 2J(N15—H3) présentées par la (N15)-4-phénylisoxazoline-5-one (2) et par deux de ses formes fixes, la (N15)-2-méthyl-4-phénylisoxazoline-5-one (3) et le (N15)-4-phényl-5-méthoxyisoxazole (4), indique une participation élevée de structure énolique (et/ou ionique) dans les milieux basiques.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 25 (1987), S. 16-20 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 13C NMR ; 13C Relaxation Times ; Prototropic equilibria ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Quaternary 13C dipole-dipole spin-lattice relaxation times are used to analyse prototropic equilibria of 2-acetylbenzimidazole (1) and 4-azabenzimidazole in DMSO-d6 solutions. For the first compound, fast exchange between the two chelated structures prevails for 13C relaxation times, whereas proton and 13C chemical shifts characterize a slow exchange. For 4-azabenzimidazole, 13C and 1H spectra do not exhibit absorptions from structures in slow exchange. Analysis of the T1 values of carbons 8 and 9 before and after isotopic exchange of the labile amino hydrogen clearly show that the major component of the equilibrium is the 3H structure.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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