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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1997), S. 864-869 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Carnitine ; Child ; Head injury ; Heart defects ; Sepsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to characterize the role of carnitine during metabolic stress, we prospectively determined carnitine profiles in plasma and urine on admission, days 2, 5, 10 and 15, among 28 critically ill children free of any known conditions associated with secondary carnitine deficiency. More than 25% of plasma and 50% of urinary carnitine measurements were abnormal; 96% (27/28) of patients displayed on at least one occasion an abnormal [〈−2 SD or 〉+2 SD] carnitine value in plasma. Three children had extremely low [〈10 μmol/l] free carnitine (FC) levels in plasma. Plasma esterified and FC levels on admission were not related to the risk of mortality [PRISM score], to muscle lysis [CK values], and to the caloric intake. Levels of FC and esterified carnitine in plasma were unrelated to those measured in urine. Conclusion Abnormal plasma and urine carnitine measurements are frequently found in critically ill children; the biological significance of these perturbations remains unclear. Caution must be exercised before concluding that an abnormal carnitine value is indicative of an underlying hereditary metabolic disorder in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ROAM mutation ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; Lysine catabolism ; Regulation of lysine pool
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Reversions of a mutation lye 1.5 blocking the first step of the lysine catabolic pathway were isolated. These reversions mapped inside the LYC1 locus. They exhibited an alteration of the regulation of the lysine pool after nitrogen and phosphorus starvation. This phenomenon did not appear in sexual diploids homozygous for the reversion. Diploids homozygous for the mating type were constructed by protoplast fusion. They displayed a pattern similar to that of the haploids. We conclude that the expression of this mutation is under the control of the physiological state of the mating type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In most cell types the major pathway of sphingomyelin synthesis is the direct transfer of the phosphocholine head group from phosphatidylcholine to ceramide catalyzed by the enzyme l-acylsphingosine:phosphatidylcholine phosphocholinetransferase (SM synthase; EC 2.7.8.-). Although this pathway has been demonstrated in brain tissue, its quantitative importance has been questioned. An alternative biosynthetic pathway for sphingomyelin synthesis in brain tissue has been proposed, viz., the direct transfer of phosphoethanolamine from phosphatidylethanolamine to ceramide, followed by methylation of the ethanolamine moiety to a choline group. We have evaluated various possible biosynthetic pathways of sphingomyelin synthesis in rat spinal cord oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS, by labeling cells in culture with radiolabeled choline, ethanolamine, or serine. Our results indicate that, in oligodendrocytes, most of the phosphocholine for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin is provided by phosphatidylcholine, which is predominantly derived from de novo synthesis. No evidence was found for the operation of the alternative pathway via ceramide-phosphoethanolamine. Furthermore, our results indicate that a small pool of phosphatidylcholine is provided by methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine, which in turn is formed preferentially by decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of ecclesiastical history 47 (1996), S. 714-714 
    ISSN: 0022-0469
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 39 (1983), S. 724-731 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lebensqualität ; Metaanalyse ; Depressive ; Schizophrene ; Facettenanalyse ; Modulares System ; Key words Quality of life ; Metaanalysis ; Depression ; Schizophrenia ; Facet analysis ; Modular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The construct Quality of Life (QoL) is investigated by metaanalysis of eight (inter)nationally validated questionnaires in a multicenter study. Data have been collected in a mentally healthy (n=479), a depressed (n=171) and a schizophrenic (n=139) sample. Conventional psychometric criteria and a facet analytical methodology have been applied. The resulting questionnaire „Modular System for Quality of Life” (MSQoL) consists of a core module with 47 items (one „G-factor” and six subdimensions), which is sufficiently valid for all three samples. Additionally, there are four specific modules (demography, family, partnership, profession). No specific modules can be identified for the psychopathological subgroups. The validated radex structure for subjective QoL offers the opportunity for a cumulative research design and for adaptations to the actual setting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer von der Arbeitsgruppe „Lebensqualität (LQ)” der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie” (AMDP) unterstützten multizentrischen Studie wird das Konstrukt Lebensqualität (LQ) anhand von acht (inter)national validierten Erhebungsinstrumenten sowie einer gesunden (n=479), einer depressiven (n=171) und einer schizophrenen (n=139) Stichprobe metaanalytisch untersucht. Neben herkömmlichen psychometrischen Kriterien liegt der methodische Schwerpunkt dabei auf einem facettenanalytischen Vorgehen. Der resultierende Fragebogen „Modulares System zur Lebensqualität” (MSLQ) besteht aus einem für alle 3 Stichproben hinreichend validen Kernmodul mit 47 Items (ein „G-Faktor” und 6 Subdimensionen) sowie 4 spezifischen Modulen (Demographie, Familie, Partnerschaft, Beruf). Für die psychopathologischen Subgruppen lassen sich keine spezifischen Module etablieren. Die validierte Struktur der subjektiv eingeschätzten Lebensqualität (in Form einer facettenanalytischen Radexkonstellation) bietet die Möglichkeit zu einer kumulativ angelegten Forschung und einer untersuchungsspezifischen Anpassung des MSLQ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Swine ; Liver transplantation ; Oxygen consumption ; Gastric tonometry ; Lactate ; Pyruvate ; Ketone bodies ; Carnitine ; Free fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To characterize global, regional, and end-organ markers of cellular dysoxia during orthotopic liver transplantation and early reperfusion in pigs. Design: Descriptive study. Setting: University hospital research laboratory. Animals and interventions: 7 fasted, anesthetized, and mechanically ventilated Yorkshire pigs underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. Oxygen consumption (VO2) and oxygen delivery (DO2) were both calculated using standard formulae. Gastric interstitial pH and the gastroarterial partial pressure of carbondioxide (PCO2) gradient were measured with a gastric tonometer. The following were determined from arterial blood samples: serum lactate to pyruvate ratio, serum 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate ratio, plasma free fatty acids, and plasma free and total carnitine levels. Measurements and results: Data were collected 1 h after induction of anesthesia (I), at the end of the anhepatic phase (A), and 1 h after reperfusion (R). Median (range) VO2 values obtained at the specified time points were: I 318 (206–1860), A 210 (152–408), R 330 (214–424) ml/kg per min, respectively (NS); DO2 values were: I 1828 (1382–3259), A 1219 (452–2492), R 1741 (1345–12 071) ml/kg per min, respectively (NS). The lactate to pyruvate ratio, reflecting the redox potential of the cytosol, progressively increased: I 22 (9–46), A 29 (16–68), R 43 (23–55) (P〈 0.05). Gastric interstitial pH, as well as the gastroarterial PCO2 gradient values at the specified time points did not reach statistical significance. Levels of ketone bodies (3-hydroxybutyrate+acetoacetate) remained lower than 0.120 mmol/l. The ketone body ratio did not significantly vary over time (NS). Plasma esterified and free carnitine concentrations and free fatty acid values remained within normal limits (NS). Among these markers, the ketone body ratio presented the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve as a marker of postoperative mortality, with an inflexion point at 0.9. Conclusions: In this study, orthotopic liver transplantation was associated with significant variations over time in the redox potential of the cytosol. Postoperative mortality was, however, related to the redox state of the liver mitochondria. Our data suggest the occurrence of abnormal tissue oxygenation during liver transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Uremia ; Homocysteine ; Cerebrovascular disease ; Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase variant ; Cystinosis ; Folic acid ; Vitamin B12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report a 13-year-old girl with nephropathic cystinosis on chronic peritoneal dialysis who presented with two episodes of stroke. Laboratory evaluation showed severe hyperhomocysteinemia (108 µmol/l). Further testing revealed that she was homozygous for the thermolabile variant of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. Treatment with folic acid and vitamin B12 lowered plasma homocysteine to less than 20 µmol/l. No further episodes of stroke occurred over a follow-up of 12 months. Homocysteine levels should be measured in patients with chronic renal failure, since simple and safe treatment with folic acid and vitamin B12 is effective in lowering the plasma homocysteine level in patients with the thermolabile MTHFR allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The current approach to screening for hepatitis C and non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in French blood transfusion centers involves a combination of a transaminase assay and tests for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). A decision-analysis model was used to assess the cost-effectiveness ratio of this approach compared to the former approach, which included only transaminase and anti-HBc screening. Cost data were collected by a questionnaire sent to 26 centers throughout France. The average costs of diagnostic kits, equipment, staff, and administration were calculated. Estimates of prevalence and sensitivity values came from the medical literature. The cost-effectiveness ratio was expressed in French francs per infected donor detected. A sensitivity analysis of the variables in the model was performed to estimate the validity of the cost-effectiveness ratio. For 100,000 donations the incremental cost of the current approach reached FrF 2,566,111 (about US $ 500,000), with a marginal effectiveness of 180 donations detected. The sensitivity analysis showed the effect of prevalence on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Transfusion centers may change their screening approach in areas of high or low prevalence of hepatitis C in France.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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