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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine how diet of the mother in pregnancy influences the blood pressure of the offspring in adult life.Design A follow up study of men and women born during 1948–1954 whose mothers had taken part in a survey of diet in late pregnancy.Setting Aberdeen, Scotland.Population Two hundred and fifty-three men and women born in Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.Main outcome measure Systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Results The relations between the diet of mothers and their offsprings' blood pressure were complex. When the mothers' intake of animal protein was less than 50 g daily, a higher carbohydrate intake was associated with a higher blood pressure in the offspring (a 100 g increase in carbohydrate being associated with a 3 mmHg increase in systolic pressure (P= 0.02)). At daily animal protein intakes above 50 g, lower Carbohydrate intake was associated with higher blood pressure (a 100 g decrease in carbohydrate being associated with an 11 mmHg rise in systolic blood pressure (P= 0.004)). These increases in blood pressure were associated with decreased placental size.Conclusion Mothers' intakes of animal protein and carbohydrate in late pregnancy may influence their offsprings' adult blood pressure. This may be mediated through effects on placental growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine how diets of women in pregnancy influence the glucose-insulin metabolism of their offspring in adult life.Design A follow up study of men and women born during 1948–1954 whose mothers had taken part in a survey of diet in late pregnancy.Setting Aberdeen, Scotland.Population One hundred and sixty-eight men and women born in the Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.Main outcome measure Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, fasting and after a standard oral glucose challenge.Results The offspring of women who had high intakes of fat and protein in late pregnancy had a reduced plasma insulin increment between fasting and 30 min with a 7.0% decrease in increment (P= 0.007) per 10 g increase in protein intake and a 4.9% decrease (P= 0.002) per 10 g increase in fat intake. This was independent of the mother's body mass index or weight gain in pregnancy. A low maternal body mass index in early or late pregnancy was associated with a raised fasting plasma insulin concentration with a decrease of 2.4% (P= 0.05) per 1 kg/m2 increase of maternal body mass.Conclusion High intakes of protein and fat during pregnancy may impair development of the fetal pancreatic beta cells and lead to insulin deficiency in the offspring. The offspring of thin mothers tend to be insulin resistant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine if large loop excision of the transformation zone affects subsequent fertility and pregnancy outcome.Design A case-control study.Setting A teaching hospital serving a regional population.Subjects One thousand women who had undergone large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) between 1989 and 1991. Two controls were matched for each of the 149 women who had a singleton pregnancy progressing beyond 20 weeks of gestation following treatment, with regard to age, parity, height, husband's or partner's social class and smoking habits to account for common independent risk factors for adverse obstetric outcome and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Main outcome measures Intention to conceive, number of pregnancies, gestation, low birthweight, mean birthweight, mode of delivery, and duration of labour.Results Out of a cohort of 1000 women who underwent LLETZ for the treatment of CIN, 653 women replied to a postal questionnaire. When asked up to 54 months after treatment, 130 women (19.9%) had become pregnant and 47 (7.2%) had tried to become pregnant. A total of 199 pregnancies from 178 women was identified from the cohort of women.For the 149 women from the case cohort, the mean birthweight was 3380 g compared with 3373 g in the control group (P= 0.88). The incidence of low birthweight in pregnancies progressing to at least 37 weeks of gestation was 3.1% in the treated group, compared with 3.2% in the control group (P= 098). Following LLETZ, 94% of deliveries were preterm (〈 37 weeks of gestation), compared with 50% in the control group (P= 0.12). There was no significant difference in mean gestation, mode of delivery, indication for caesarean section or duration of labour between the women who had undergone LLETZ and the controls.Conclusion When socio-epidemiological factors associated with the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are controlled for, LLETZ does not appear to exert an independent adverse effect on subsequent pregnancy outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 94 (1990), S. 1157-1164 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 42 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An alteration in pulmonary water balance might be expected during pregnancy and the puerperium, as a result of the physiological adaptations to pregnancy. A preliminary investigation of this hypothesis was conducted using a radiological method of lung water measurement in 20 normal primigravidae during the early puerperium. Evidence of interstitial lung water was found in seven of the 20 mothers. There was a significant correlation with plasma volume (p 〈 0.05) and fluid turnover (p 〈 0.05) in the group with excess lung water. The implications of increased interstitial lung water and its possible causes during pregnancy are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 96 (1992), S. 2717-2723 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The main goal of this study is to extend the dynamic range of isomerization rates for cyclohexane in order to determine with high accuracy whether the barrier height to isomerization is pressure dependent. Therefore, the effect of pressure and temperature on the conformational isomerization of cyclohexane in carbon disulfide solvent has been investigated using the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) rotating frame relaxation technique. This technique, used for the first time in pressure studies of chemical exchange, allows the measurement of isomerization dynamics over a wide range of pressures and temperatures. By combining the rotating frame and NMR line shape techniques and generating the isoviscosity plots, it is shown that the barrier height to isomerization is independent of pressure. Since the experimental isomerization rate is accelerated by pressure, the viscosity dependence of the reduced transmission coefficient shows that the isomerization falls into the energy controlled (inertial) regime of the Kramers model in agreement with our earlier experimental findings. These experimental results, as interpreted in terms of stochastic models of isomerization reactions, indicate a strong collisional coupling and the presence of dynamical solvent effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 4161-4165 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We present data on the spin polarization P and quantum yield Y of electrons photoemitted from negative electron affinity semiconductors, including GaAs(100), GaAsP(100) alloy, and strained GaAs layer epitaxially grown on a GaAsP(100) buffer. Near photothreshold the following values for P(Y) are, respectively, obtained: 26% (2.5×10−2), 40% (1×10−3), and 60% (1.5×10−4). We describe in detail the apparatus used containing a low energy (10–25 keV) Mott polarimeter. The system, completely fitted in a small volume (∼104 cm3) ultrahigh vacuum chamber, is intended as a test facility for characterizing candidate photocathode materials for spin polarized electron sources. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A cohort of 22 948 women from a stable homogeneous population who gave birth for the first time between 1964 and 1983 were followed up prospectively. Analysis by mode of delivery showed that of those delivered by caesarean section 23·2% fewer had another pregnancy than those who had a spontaneous vaginal delivery. Women delivered by forceps were in an intermediate group. Miscarriage was more common in women who had been delivered by caesarean section. The relative infertility after caesarean section could not be accounted for by early sterilization, was not associated with maternal height or social status, and was only partly attributable to age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 91 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Maternal serum levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin ((β-hCG) concentrations were significantly higher in 41 primigravid patients with proteinuric pre-eclampsia compared with those in 41 primigravid normotensive women matched for age and gestation. β-hCG was also measured in serial serum samples obtained from 13 women who had a high weight-gain between 20 and 30 weeks of pregnancy. Seven of these pregnancies were subsequently complicated with pre-eclampsia while the remaining six continued to be normotensive; β-hCG levels were found to rise before the clinical signs of pre-eclampsia appeared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin levels of eight normal outpatient primigravidae have been studied over six successive days at 37 weeks' gestation. In addition, the fasting plasma glucose in six primigravidae, who were in-patients in a metabolic unit, has been measured on three successive days. It is concluded that while there is in general little day-to-day variation in both fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin, the plasma glucose was significantly elevated on the first day of the study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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