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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature diamond growth in a microwave discharge (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 2739-2741 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new regime for plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of diamond is reported in which high quality diamond films can be deposited on silicon with relatively high ratios of methane in hydrogen mixtures and at significantly lower substrate temperatures than previously reported. The deposition was achieved in a microwave plasma discharge with a feed gas consisting of a mixture of only methane and hydrogen. The surface temperature of a molybdenum sample, when exposed to the same plasma environment, was measured at 500 °C with an infrared scanning camera. This substrate temperature is substantially lower than the 700–1000 °C range generally regarded as the optimal regime for CVD diamond growth. Analysis by Raman spectroscopy showed that films deposited with a 2% methane in hydrogen mixture produced a near graphite-free diamond film at our reported low-temperature regime, while deposition at 1000 °C resulted in films with a much higher graphitic content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101939
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Keratins and the Skin (1995)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 11 (1995), S. 123-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1081-0706
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.001011
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Properties of Urease* (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 1 (1962), S. 911-916 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00911a026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate Filaments: Structure, Dynamics, Function and Disease (1994)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biochemistry 63 (1994), S. 345-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4154
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.63.070194.002021
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydraulic control of stomatal conductance in Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and alder [Alnus rubra (Bong)] seedlings (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Experiments were conducted on 1-year-old Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and 2- to 3-month-old alder [Alnus rubra (Bong)] seedlings growing in drying soils to determine the relative influence of root and leaf water status on stomatal conductance (gc). The water status of shoots was manipulated independently of that of the roots using a pressure chamber that enclosed the root system. Pressurizing the chamber increases the turgor of cells in the shoot but not in the roots. Seedling shoots were enclosed in a whole-plant cuvette and transpiration and net photosynthesis rates measured continuously. In both species, stomatal closure in response to soil drying was progressively reversed with increasing pressurization. Responses occurred within minutes of pressurization and measurements almost immediately returned to pre-pressurization levels when the pressure was released. Even in wet soils there was a significant increase in gc with pressurization. In Douglas fir, the stomatal response to pressurization was the same for seedlings grown in dry soils for up to 120 d as for those subjected to drought stress over 40 to 60 d. The stomatal conductance of both Douglas fir and alder seedlings was less sensitive to root chamber pressure at higher vapour pressure deficits (D), and stomatal closure in response to increasing D from 1.04 to 2.06 kPa was only partially reversed by pressurization. Our results are in contrast to those of other studies on herbaceous species, even though we followed the same experimental approach. They suggest that it is not always appropriate to invoke a ‘feedforward’ model of short-term stomatal response to soil drying, whereby chemical messengers from the roots bring about stomatal closure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00216.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance of early-maturing European maize germplasm to sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 116 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) are the most important viruses of maize in Europe. In field and greenhouse experiments, 122 early-maturing European maize inbreds (45 flint and 77 dent lines) were evaluated for their reaction to artificial inoculation by SCMV and MDMV. Three dent inbreds (D21, D32, FAP1360 A) with complete resistance and four dent inbreds (D06, D09, R2306, FAP1396A) with partial resistance against both potyviruses under both greenhouse and field conditions were identified. All other inbreds were highly susceptible to both SCMV and MDMV. Selection for virus resistance in maize breeding could be performed with only one virus at a time because all inbreds resistant to SCMV were also resistant to MDMV. Rank correlations between percentages of infected plants in greenhouse and field trials ranged from 0.51 to 0.72 for both SCMV and MDMV, suggesting that prescreening of breeding materials for virus resistance can be performed in the greenhouse but final evaluation in multilocation trials in the field is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb01038.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5HT1A-receptors and behaviour under chronic stress: selective counteraction by testosterone (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 10 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Behaviour of chronically stressed male tree shrews is characterized by a reduction in scent marking, self-grooming and overall locomotor activity. It has been proposed that this subordination behaviour is related to the down-regulation of 5HT1A-receptors occurring in distinct brain regions of the animals. The high cortisol concentrations which accompany chronic stress are supposed to induce 5HT1A-receptor down-regulation. Because chronic stress in males also decreases androgen levels we investigated whether behaviour and 5HT1A-receptor expression could be renormalized by testosterone replacement. Male tree shrews were submitted to subordination stress for 28 days, while during the last 18 days, onegroup was treated with testosterone and one with vehicle. Scent marking, self-grooming, and overall locomotor activity were monitored, and cortisol levels were measured in morning urine during the whole experiment. Brain 5HT1A-receptors were quantified by in vitro receptor autoradiography. Although in subordinate animals cortisol levels remained high during the testosterone treatment, 5HT1A-receptors in the hippocampal formation and the occipital cortex were renormalized to control levels by the androgen, but 5HT1A-receptors in the ventromedial thalamic nucleus did not return to base line levels. Scent marking and self-grooming behaviour were both renormalized by testosterone, but overall locomotor activity did not return to base line levels. These data indicate that a balance between glucocorticoids and androgens is necessary to maintain ‘normal' numbers of the monoamine receptors. The fact that both, 5HT1A-receptors and certain behaviours can be renormalized by the sex steroid supports the view that 5HT1A-receptor are involved in the regulation of stress behaviour. However, the fact that overall locomotor activity was not returned to baseline indicates that different types of behaviour are distinctly regulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00280.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α2A and α2C-adrenoceptor regulation in the brain: α2A changes persist after chronic stress (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Stress-induced activation of the central nervous noradrenergic system has been suspected to induce depressive disorders. As episodes of depression often occur some time after a stress experience we investigated whether stress-induced changes in the α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) system persist throughout a post-stress recovery period. Brains of male tree shrews were analysed after 44 days of chronic psychosocial stress and after a subsequent 10-day recovery period. Expression of RNA for α2A and α2C-adrenoceptors was quantified by in situ hybridization, and receptor binding was determined by in vitro receptor autoradiography. Activities of the sympathetic nervous system and of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis were increased during chronic stress but normalized during recovery. α2A-AR RNA in the glutamatergic neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus was elevated significantly after stress and after recovery (by 29% and 17%). In the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, subtype A expression was enhanced after recovery (by 33%). In the locus coeruleus, subtype A autoreceptor expression was not changed significantly. Subtype C expression in the caudate nucleus and putamen was elevated by stress (by 5 and 4%, respectively) but normalized during recovery. Quantification of 3H-RX821002 binding revealed receptor upregulation during stress and/or recovery. Our data therefore show: (i) that chronic psychosocial stress differentially regulates expression of α2-adrenoceptor subtypes A and C; (ii) that subtype A heteroreceptor expression is persistently upregulated whereas (iii), subtype C upregulation is only transient. The present findings coincide with post mortem studies in depressed patients revealing upregulation of α2A-ARs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02510.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding sites for atrial natriuretic peptide in the kidney and aorta of the hagfish (Myxine glutinosa)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 91 (1988), S. 685-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(88)90949-8
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of ^1^2^5I-endothelin-1,-2,-3 binding sites in mammalian kidneys
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 101 (1992), S. 775-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(92)90357-V
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