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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Induction of the morphologic changes of both acute and chronic experimental myasthenia by monoclonal antibody directed against acetylcholine receptor (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 63 (1984), S. 131-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody ; Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis ; Monoclonal antibody ; Myasthenia gravis ; Ultrastructure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary To investigate pathogenic mechanisms in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and myasthenia gravis (MG), we studied the acute and chronic effects in rats of injection of rat monoclonal antibodies (MCABs) directed against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Animals were severely weak 12 h after a single injection, at which time macrophages were found invading endplate regions of muscle and cholinesterase-stained regions were separted from the underlying muscle fibers. Ultrastructural studies showed findings identical to the acute phase of EAMG: degenerating postsynaptic membranes and invasion and phagocytosis of endplate regions by macrophages. Animals receiving sublethal doses of MCAB recovered clinically by 4–5 days after injection. Recovery was accompanied by a progressive decrease in the number of macrophages associated with endplates and reapposition to the myofibers of the cholinesterasestained regions. Animals injected once, or repeatedly over several months, remained clinically and electromyographically normal after recovery from the initial episode of weakness, but their endplate ultrastructure was highly simplified with blunted or absent synaptic folds and shallow or absent secondary synaptic clefts. These studies demonstrate that anti-AChR MCABs can induce the changes of both acute and chronic EAMG. There is good correlation between the inflammatory changes and the acute clinical disease but poor correlation between morphological and clinical parameters in the chronic syndrome. The latter observation suggests that severe ultrastructural changes, similar to those seen in chronic EAMG and MG, cannot account, at least in rats, for the clinical and electrophysiologic abnormalities of MG.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697195
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Correlation between transport and equilibrium properties through the ternary interaction parameter for cosolvent and cononsolvent polymeric systems (1992)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 270 (1992), S. 197-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Ternarypolymericsystems ; secondvirialcoefficient ; intrinsicviscosity ; excessGibbsenergy ; cosolvent ; cononsolvent ; ternaryinteractionparameter
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract A study of the ternary polymer systems dimethyl formamide-ethyl acetate-polystyrene, chloroform-1,4 dioxane-polystyrene and tetrahydrofuran-chloroform-polystyrene was carried out by viscosity and light scattering at 298 K. A good correlation has been found between the excess intrinsic viscosity, unperturbed polymer dimensions, second virial coefficient and the excess Gibbs free energy by using a ternary interaction parameter, dependent on molecular weight. This modification enables the conversion between transport and equilibrium properties.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00655470
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Viscometric behaviour of polymer blends based on poly (vinylidene fluoride) (1994)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Poly(vinylidene fluoride) ; intrinsic viscosity ; polymer blood compatibility ; polymer-solvent inteaction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract The viscosity behaviour of dilute dimethylformamide solutions of poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-polystyrene has been studied at 25°C. The polymer concentration ranges are such that neither phase separation nor microgel formation occurs, although we are very close to theta conditions. The intrinsic viscosity and viscosity interaction parameter of the ternary mixtures have been calculated. The estimation of the compatibility of the above polymer pairs has been studied based on: a) specific viscosities; b) viscosity interaction parameters, according to Krigbaum and Wall formalism, and c) viscosity interaction parameters of a system formed by a dilute probe polymer in the presence of a matrix polymer and a small molecule solvent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00653213
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Prediction of maxima and minima in the curve of total sorption parameter in ternary polymer systems. Influence of ternary interaction parameter (1993)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 271 (1993), S. 372-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Ternary polymer systems ; extrema thermodynamic behavior ; total sorption parameter ; Flory-Huggins theory
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Flory-Huggins theory modified by Pouchly has been applied to predict maxima and minima in the curve of total sorption in ternary polymer systems formed by a polymer and two liquids. In this work, different diagrams based on experimental magnitudes easily obtained such as the difference in affinities of liquids, solvents and non solvents, and the solvent molar volume ratio. Total sorption parameter has been considered to be the decisive magnitude to define extrema conditions in both cosolvent and cononsolvent ternary polymer systems. The theoretical prediction is not altered by the inclusion of ternary interactions. Different examples of ternary systems dealing with vinyl polymers and polydimethyl siloxane have been used to test the above formalism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00657418
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comparative study between cosolvent and cononsolvent ternary polymer systems through the preferential adsorption coefficient (1993)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 271 (1993), S. 30-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Ternary polymeric systems ; preferential adsorption coefficient ; cosolvent ; cononsolvent ; ternary interactions ; excess free energy ; intensity light scattering
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Sorption equilibrium of polystyrene and poly (dimethyl siloxane) in mixed solvents has been monitored by means of the preferential adsorption coefficient experimentally determined from intensity light scattering measurements. The pairs of solvents used to dissolve each polymer sample have been selected for the purpose to perform cosolvent and cononsolvent ternary polymer systems. Flory-Huggins formalism including ternary interactions has been used to predict the sorption equilibrium for the cosolvent system and, for the first time, for cononsolvent ones. Moreover, the proportionality between binary and ternary interactions, recognized by Pouchly, is also corroborated for both ternary polymer systems. From a thermodynamic standpoint, the sorption equilibrium has been described by approaching the behavior of the “bulk solvent” to the binary liquid mixture through the excess Gibbs free energy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652300
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