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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Pigment pattern ; Fin ; Fish skeleton ; Tyrosinase ; Zebrafish
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Mutations causing a visible phenotype in the adult serve as valuable visible genetic markers in multicellular genetic model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and Arabidopsis thaliana. In a large scale screen for mutations affecting early development of the zebrafish, we identified a number of mutations that are homozygous viable or semiviable. Here we describe viable mutations which produce visible phenotypes in the adult fish. These predominantly affect the fins and pigmentation, but also the eyes and body length of the adult. A number of dominant mutations caused visible phenotypes in the adult fish. Mutations in three genes, long fin, another long fin and wanda affected fin formation in the adult. Four mutations were found to cause a dominant reduction of the overall body length in the adult. The adult pigment pattern was found to be changed by dominant mutations in wanda, asterix, obelix, leopard, salz and pfeffer. Among the recessive mutations producing visible phenotypes in the homozygous adult, a group of mutations that failed to produce melanin was assayed for tyrosinase activity. Mutations in sandy produced embryos that failed to express tyrosinase activity. These are potentially useful for using tyrosinase as a marker for the generation of transgenic lines of zebrafish.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 14 (1985), S. 363-388 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract As a continuing part of the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service collected freshwater fish at 112 monitoring stations in 1978–1979 and 1980–1981. Three composite samples of three to five fish were collected at each of about half of the stations in odd-numbered years and at the other half in even-numbered years, and analyzed for lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, cooper, and zinc. The geometric means, minimum, and maximum of elemental concentrations (μg/g wet weight) during 1978–1979 and (in parentheses) during 1980–1981 were as follows: Pb 0.19, 0.10–6.73 (0.17, 0.10–1.94); Hg 0.11, 0.01–1.10 (0.11, 0.01–0.77); Cd 0.04, 0.01–0.41 (0.03, 0.01–0.35); As 0.16, 0.04–2.08 (0.14, 0.05–1.69); Se 0.46, 0.09–3.65 (0.47, 0.09–2.47); Cu 0.86, 0.29–38.75 (0.68, 0.25–24.10); and Zn 25.63, 7.69–168.1 (23.82, 8.82–109.2). The 85th percentile, calculated for station mean concentrations (μg/g wet weight) for 1978–1979 and 1980–1981, respectively, were: Pb 0.32 and 0.25; Hg 0.18 and 0.18; Cd 0.09 and 0.06; As 0.23 and 0.22; Se 0.70 and 0.71; Cu 1.14 and 0.90; and Zn 46.26 and 40.09. There was no significant upward or downward trend between collection periods of the national geometric means of any of the elements except for cooper which decreased significantly. Species differences in elemental concentrations contributed more variability to the data set than did station differences. The proportion of the collections composed of each species changed little between collection periods. Thus, the magnitude of the species effect on the national geometric mean of each period was probably fairly consistent; however, it precludes our making sound comparisons among various regions of the United States. As a participant in the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program (NCBP), the U.S. Fish and Wild-life Service is responsible for monitoring temporal and geographic trends of organochlorine chemical and elemental contaminants in the nation's fresh-water fish, European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), and waterfowl. Primary emphasis has been placed on organochlorine chemical contaminants; however, certain elements have been measured intermittently and additional elements have been added periodically since 1969. We summarize the concentrations of the seven elements—lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, selenium, copper, and zinc—measured in freshwater fish collected during 1978–1981. Data for earlier collections have appeared in other reports (Hendersonet al. 1972; May and McKinney 1981; Walshet al. 1977).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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