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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ethylene biosynthesis in peach fruitlet abscission (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Ethylene biosynthesis was studied in the peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruitlet abscission zone (AZ), located between pedicel and pericarp and responsible for the shedding of the fruit. Explants, made up of the abscission layer and small parts of pedicel and pericarp, were flushed with air or air + propylene (500 cm3 m–3) for up to 72 h. Parameters of ethylene biosynthesis were monitored in excised zone and non-zone tissues. Both treatments induced an increase of ethylene biosynthesis in all tissues examined and a climacteric-like behaviour was observed: ethylene evolution peaked at 12 and 48 h in air + propylene and air, respectively. The activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO) and related transcript accumulation paralleled ethylene evolution. Furthermore a decreasing gradient, in terms of ethylene production, ACO activity and mRNA accumulation was in general observed moving from the distal (pericarp side) to the proximal (pedicel side) non-zone, through the abscission zone. The content of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) showed significant difference among treatments only at 12 h of air + propylene flushing in AZ3 and non-zones, but no difference in terms of ACC synthase transcript and related polypeptide accumulation was observed. Endo-β-1,4-glucanase (EG), the cell wall hydrolase involved in cell separation, appeared to be up-regulated by propylene and its activity was almost exclusively confined to the abscission layer. Similarly, EG transcript accumulation occurred in zone but not in non-zone tissues. In air-treated and air + propylene-treated explants the ethylene climacteric preceded the increase of EG activity and the cell separation at the level of the abscission zone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00305.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Levels of extractable para-coumaric acid in the exomesocarp and seed of persisting and abscising peach fruit
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 16 (1982), S. 375-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(82)90036-X
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Metabolism and translocation of 1, 2-^1^4C(2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 15 (1981), S. 33-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(81)90059-5
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cellulase and polygalacturonase involvement in the abscission of leaf and fruit explants of peach (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 20 (1992), S. 839-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Schlagwort(e): cellulase ; ethylene ; fruit abscission ; leaf abscission ; polygalacturonase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ethylene-induced abscission in leaf and fruit explants of peach involves different enzymes. In leaves abscission is accompanied by increased occurrence of cellulase forms differing in isoelectric point (pI 6.5 and 9.5). A polypeptide with a molecular mass of 51 kDa gives in a western blot a strong cross-reaction with an antibody raised against a maturation cellulase from avocado fruit. Cellulase activity is also found in abscising fruit explants but the amount is very low compared to that of the leaf explants. A northern analysis with a cellulase clone from avocado reveals the presence of two hybridizing mRNAs with a size of 2.2 kb and 1.8 kb, respectively. The steady-state level of the 2.2 kb mRNA is significantly increased by treatment with ethylene. Polygalacturonases are not detected in abscising leaves, but are strongly induced by ethylene in fruit explants. Of the three forms found, two are exopolygalacturonases while the third is an endoenzyme. Ethylene activates preferentially the endoenzyme and the basic exoenzyme but depresses the acid exopolygalacturonases. A northern analysis carried out with a cDNA coding for tomato endopolygalacturonase shows hybridization only with one endopolygalacturonase mRNA from in the fruit abscission zone. Treatment with ethylene causes an increase in the steady-state level of this mRNA. The differences in the enzyme patterns observed in fruit and leaf abscission zones and a differential enzyme induction suggest the feasibility to regulate fruit abscission in peach with the aid of antisense RNA genes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027155
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biochemical and molecular aspects of fruitlet abscission (2000)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 31 (2000), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Schlagwort(e): β-1,4-endoglucanase ; ethylene ; fruit ; gene expression ; polygalacturonase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Fruitlet abscission during fruit development is due to the activation ofpre-differentiated abscission zones (AZs) located between twig andpedicel, and/or pedicel and pericarp. Major advances on biochemicaland molecular aspects are related to β-1,4-endoglucanase (EG) andpolygalacturonase (PG), two cell hydrolases involved in the cell walldisassemblement responsible for fruit shedding. AZ activation isaccompanied by an increase in activity and transcript accumulation ofone or both enzymes. Expression of PG genes specifically related toabscission has been found in tomato flower AZ. In peach, an EG genehighly expressed in leaf and fruitlet AZs has been isolated. AZactivation is preceded by an induction of ethylene biosynthesis,paralleled by a stimulation of ACO activity and transcript accumulation.Ethylene, besides a dramatic stimulation of PG and EG, up or downregulates several other abscission related genes. The specificexpression of genes encoding for ethylene receptors in the AZ wouldsupport the hypothesis that fruitlet AZ specificity may depend on theability of this region to sense ethylene.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006338210977
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