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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3668-3673 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Polymer/metal interfaces play an important role in determining the performance of polymer based electronic devices. For most polymer diodes, one of the polymer/metal contacts is usually formed by spin casting a polymer solution onto a metal electrode; we call it polymer-on-metal (POM) contact. The other polymer/metal contact is usually formed by vacuum deposition of metal vapor onto the polymer surface; we call it metal-on-polymer (MOP) contact. In this article, we present evidence that the formation of the POM contact is strongly influenced by the processing of polymer thin films. The POM contact has a greater energy barrier for carrier injection than the MOP contact. The morphology of the polymer thin films, i.e., the relative arrangements of the side groups and conjugated backbone, significantly affects the interfacial characteristics. We also present a simple method of evaluating the morphological effects at the contact. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 605-609 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We recently demonstrated that the morphology of a spin-cast polymer film can be controlled by the proper choice of solvent, polymer solution concentration, and spin speed [Y. Shi, J. Liu, and Y. Yang, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 4254 (2000)]. In this article, we report the correlation between the morphology and the electrical properties of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene based light emitting diodes. The performance of these devices, such as device turn-on voltage, current injection efficiency, and quantum efficiency, shows a strong dependence on thin film processing conditions. It is found that aromatic solvents and nonaromatic solvents have very different effects on device performance, which suggests that the solvation induced morphology effect is one of the controlling factors for polymer-based optoelectronic devices. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2561-2563 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A hybrid inkjet printing (HIJP) technology, which combines a pin-hole free polymer buffer layer and an inkjet printed polymer layer, allows the patterning of high quality polymer light-emitting devices. In this letter, we present a successful demonstration of controllable patterning of dual-color polymer light-emitting pixels using this HIJP technique. In this demonstration, the polymer buffer layer is a wide band gap, blue emitting semiconducting polymer prepared by the spin-casting technique. The inkjet printed layer is a red-orange semiconducting polymer which was printed onto the buffer layer. When a proper solvent was selected, the printed polymer diffused into the buffer layer and efficient energy transfer took place generating a red-orange photoluminescence and electroluminescence from the inkjet printed sites. Based on this principle, blue and orange-red dual-color polymer light-emitting pixels were fabricated on the same substrate. The use of this concept represents an entirely new technology for fabricating polymer multicolor displays with high-resolution, lateral patterning capability. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1926-1928 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We demonstrate polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) made of a blend of p- and n-type luminescent conjugated polymers. These two polymers, poly[9-(3,6,9-trioxadecyl)- carbazole-3,6-diyl] (TOD–PC, a p-type polymer) and poly[2,3-di(p-tolyl)–quinoxaline-5,8-diyl] (DT–PQX, a n-type polymer), are blue and blue–green emission polymers, respectively, both with high photoluminescent quantum efficiency. However, the photoluminescence of the polymer blend is completely quenched, due to the charge transfer between the two polymers. A new and faint orange–yellow photoluminescence emission, which has photonic energy consistent with the energy difference of the π band of TOD–PC and the π* and of DT–PQX, has been observed. LECs fabricated from this polymer blend show strong current injection and bright electroluminescence at this new emission color, which is believed to be due to the interpolymer radiative recombination of the electrons from the n-type polymer and holes from the p-type polymer. Such an independent p doping of TOD–PC and n doping of DT–PQX in the blend and interpolymer radiative recombination provide an interesting way of generating new emission colors in the LEC system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1595-1600 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Thermal annealing plays an important role in controlling morphologies of polymer thin films and consequently the device performance, such as emission spectra, turn-on voltages, quantum efficiency of photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL). In thermal annealing there is a tradeoff between hole-injection efficiency and PL efficiency. Annealing at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature can improve the efficiency of hole injection at the expense of the PL efficiency, and vice versa. Optimizing the annealing conditions can improve the overall EL efficiency. The high efficiency of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene based polymer light-emitting diodes is demonstrated: 2.7 cd/A at a luminescence of 1000 cd/m2. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2365-2365 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2329-2331 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A Cr4+:Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 (Cr4+:GSGG) broad-band saturable absorber has been demonstrated to be an excellent passive Q-switch for the flashlamp-pumped tunable Cr3+:LiCaAlF6 (Cr:LiCAF) laser at room temperature. A single Q-switched laser output pulse of 11 mJ in energy and 37 ns in duration at 778 nm was obtained in a nonoptimized laser.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 2660-2662 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Inkjet printing (IJP) technology is a popular technology for desktop publishing. Since some of the conducting (or conjugated) polymers are solution processable, IJP technology becomes an ideal method for printing polymer light-emitting diodes with high resolution. Unfortunately, the polymer film printed from an inkjet printer usually consists of pin-holes, and this intrinsic character makes it unsuitable for fabricating high quality polymer electronic devices, particularly for devices in the sandwich structure. In this letter, we submit a hybrid structure, which consists of an inkjet printed layer in conjunction with another uniform spin coated polymer layer, as an alternative to the regular inkjet printed structure. The uniform layer serves as a buffer layer to seal the pin-holes and the IJP layer is the layer consisting of the desired pattern, for example the red–green–blue dots for a multicolor display. To demonstrate, we applied this hybrid technology to fabricate efficient and large area polymer light-emitting logos. The use of this concept represents a whole new technology of fabricating polymer electronic devices with lateral patterning capability. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 2081-2083 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Traditional conjugated polymer electroluminescent devices are thin-film solid-state devices consisting of a thin polymer film sandwiched between two electrodes. In this letter, we demonstrate the generation of luminescence from polymer solutions in a compact polymer solution configuration. This unique polymer solution light-emitting device (SLED) consists of a thin layer of a polymer solution sandwiched between two transparent indium–tin–oxide/glass substrates. When biased, the device turns on at slightly above the band-gap energy and emits bright luminescence. The emission spectrum is consistent with the photoluminescence spectrum obtained from the polymer solution. We suggest that the mechanism of the SLED is due to the electrogenerated chemiluminescence effect. The SLED combines the advantages of low operating voltage, and easy and low-cost fabrication. The SLED is also a highly transparent emissive device when transparent materials are used for the electrodes and the substrates. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2708-2710 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A polymer light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) is a bipolar p-n junction device; when biased, a dynamic light-emitting p-n junction is created. In this letter, we report a two color LEC in which the color can be switched by simply reversing the bias voltage. The two color LEC consists of a polymer bilayer structure sandwiched between two electrodes. In this study, the polymer bilayer consists of a poly(1,4-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) layer and a poly[2-methoxy-5- (2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) layer. When biased at one polarity, the voltage induced p-n junction is completely inside the PPV layer, and the LEC emits the green light of PPV. When biased at the opposite polarity, the p-n junction is completely inside the MEH-PPV layer, and the LEC emits the orange light characteristic of MEH-PPV. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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