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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 38 (1966), S. 1684-1687 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 4 (1999), S. 427-430 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Drugs proficiency testing ; Analytical quality indicators ; Calibrator material ; Traceability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract  Whilst it is generally agreed that measurement of immunosuppressive drugs is of value as a guide to therapy, there are a number of problems associated with the analytical techniques available. Proficiency testing schemes enable laboratories to judge their performance for the measurement of these drugs with their peers. However, current schemes only compare accuracy within-methods to document performance. This paper summarizes current findings and points out the limitations of our own schemes, and the measures we intend to use to address these deficiencies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Seasonal variations and the effect of reproductive development on resource acquisition by two intertidal fucoid species, the iteroparous Fucus serratus L. and the semelparous Himanthalia elongata (L.) S. F. Gray were examined. The oxygen-exchange characteristics of vegetative apical tissue of both non-fertile and fertile plants and receptacle tissue were compared at monthly intervals throughout reproductive development. Respiratory rates in non-fertile F. serratus varied seasonally between 1.5 and 8.0 μmol g−1 fresh wt h−1; in fertile plants the receptacle had a significantly lower respiratory rate than the vegetative tissue. The respiratory rate of the vegetative button of fertile H. elongata displayed less seasonal variation and was lower than that of the receptacle, which varied from a maximum of 9.5 μmol g−1 fresh wt h−1 at receptacle initiation in October to a minimum of 2.0 μmol g−1 fresh wt h−1 in February. The maximum photosynthetic rate (P max) of non-fertile plants of both species did not vary in a distinct seasonal manner (∼60 μmol g−1 fresh wt h−1 for F. serratus and ∼12 μmol g−1 fresh wt h−1 for H. elongata). In fertile plants, the P max of the receptacle tissue was (∼50% lower in F. serratus, and at its peak three times higher in H. elongata, than that of vegetative tissue. The stable carbon-isotope ratio (δ13C) did not differ between different tissue types in F. serratus, but values did vary seasonally, being less negative in the summer than in the winter (−13.5‰ compared to −18‰). The receptacle tissue of H. elongata also displayed a distinct seasonal variation in δ13C values (−12‰ in summer, −16‰ in winter), whilst the δ13C of the vegetative button did not vary seasonally. The rate of uptake of inorganic nitrogen by the vegetative thallus was lower in H. elongata than in F. serratus. The receptacle tissue of F. serratus had lower uptake rates than the vegetative tissue, whilst the uptake rate by H. elongata receptacle tissue was higher than that of the vegetative button.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 87 (1991), S. 57-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Pedigrees of all known cases, on Shetland, of Down's syndrome, cytogenetically confirmed as trisomy 21, and of a control for each patient matched by birth date, sex and birth place, were traced over a minimum of eight generations. Mean kinship coefficients in all pairs of Down's syndrome patients and in all pairs of controls were similar. The kinship between the father and mother of each case shows that the parents are more closely related than the general level of relationship in the population, suggesting some recessive element in the etiology. It is argued that the effect of the resulting increased homozygosity would be to prevent the loss of the conceptus that occurs in the majority of trisomy 21 conceptions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Schlagwort(e): 42.55
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Stable step-tunable simultaneous double-wavelength emission from any branch combination of the 9.6 and 10.6 μm bands of a cw CO2 laser is reported in which the relative strengths of the two signals may be controlled.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 29-34 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): theophylline ; asthma ; clearance ; age ; adults ; elderly ; normal subjects
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Fifty three subjects (31 normal volunteers and 22 patients with asthma) between the ages of 20 and 87 years had their theophylline clearance measured. Volume of distribution (V) and terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) were also calculated in the volunteers who received i.v. theophylline. Although patients tended to have higher clearance values than volunteers, in both groups the oldest third had the lowest clearances. For the combined group (corrected for the patient effect) the oldest third (mean age 70 years) had a mean clearance of 0.53 versus 0.72 for the middle third (mean age 47 years) and 0.73 ml/min/kg CBW for the youngest third (mean age 26 years). There was no statistically significant age related change in V/kg CBW but t1/2 did rise with increasing age. Thus, although clearance does not fall with increasing age during younger adult life, there is a fall during late adult life becoming apparent in the seventh, eighth and ninth decades.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 169-171 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): antidepressant ; medifoxamine ; tolerance ; pharmacokinetics healthy volunteers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Medifoxamine is a monoamine reuptake inhibiting antidepressant drug. We have investigated its pharmacokinetics in normal healthy volunteers. After an overnight fast, ascending doses of 200, 500, 750 and 1000 mg of medifoxamine were taken orally. Plasma samples were analysed using a specific HPLC method. Medifoxamine was well tolerated and exhibited a first order linear pharmacokinetic profile. It underwent rapid absorption and peak plasma concentrations were achieved about 1.0 h after administration. Thereafter the elimination profile was biphasic with a mean terminal half life less than 3 hours. We found a linear relationship (r=0.80) between administered dose and AUC values for the four doses. High values were obtained for the apparent volumes of distribution and the plasma clearance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 253-255 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): disopyramide ; flecainide ; myocardial infarction ; drug plasma binding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the serum basic drugs are principally bound to alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AAG). Following acute myocardial infarction it has been shown that the levels of AAG rise. The serum levels of total protein, albumin, AAG and the protein binding of 2 antiarrhythmic drugs which are bases, disopyramide and flecainide, was measured in vitro with blood samples from eleven patients taken over the first 5 days following myocardial infarction. Mean AAG levels significantly increased from 1.04 g/l on Day 1 to 1.80 g/l on Day 5. The binding of disopyramide, which is highly bound, rose from 80% to 87%, representing a 35% decrease in free drug concentration. In contrast the binding of flecainide fell from 61% to 53%, a 20% increase in free drug concentration. These data suggest that although the binding of strongly bound drugs responds appropriately to increases in binding protein after acute myocardial infarction, poorly bound drugs are displaced from binding sites possibly by endogenous substances. Since the pharmacological effects of a drug are related to its free (unbound) concentration, the changes in the proportions of free to bound drug after myocardial infarction may have important clinical implications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 63-67 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Mexiletine ; Debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype ; pharmacokinetic ; variability
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Marked interindividual variation has been observed in the pharmacokinetics of the antiarrhythmic agent mexiletine. The fact that its urinary excretion is dependent on urinary pH may account, in part, for such variation. The influence that genetic differences in hepatic metabolism of the debrisoquine-type may have on mexiletine pharmacokinetics was considered in this study. The pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of mexiletine (250 mg administered intravenously) were investigated in 5 rapid extensive metabolisers (EM), 5 slow EM and 5 poor metabolisers (PM) of debrisoquine, under conditions of controlled urinary pH. Mexiletine disposition kinetics was found to be altered in PM individuals. These subjects showed higher total area under the curve (AUC), (15.7 versus 8.16 μg · h · ml−1) prolonged elimination half-lives (in serum and urine) (serum: 18.5 versus 11.6 h, urine: 19.2 versus 11.7 h) and lower total clearance values compared with EM (216 versus 450 ml · min−1). In this respect, slow EM individuals generally presented intermediate values of those pharmacokinetic parameters. A higher incidence of adverse-effects was also observed among slow EM and PM subjects. It is concluded that genetic differences in mexiletine oxidation of the debrisoquine-type have an influence on its observed pharmacokinetic variability. The clinical consequences are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 261-265 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Cystic fibrosis ; Cyclosporin ; pharmacokinetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cyclosporin (CsA) is currently the main immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplantation with considerable improvement in graft survival. Oral CsA solution is highly lipophilic, and its bioavailability may be reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF) heart-lung transplant recipients with pancreatic, gastrointestinal, and hepatic insufficiency. The bioavailability of oral CsA solution in 7 CF transplant recipients (5 male and 2 female with a mean age of 27 years and a mean weight of 49 kg) and 3 non-CF heart-lung recipients (1 male and 2 female with a mean age of 41 years and a mean weight of 60 kg) was studied. Following intravenous CsA administration, the kinetic curves were similar with no significant difference in the volume of distribution and clearance of CsA demonstrated between the CF and non-CF groups. The mean daily dose of oral CsA in 7 CF subjects (23.3 mg·kg−1) was significantly higher than the 3 non-CF heart-lung recipients (4.8 mg·kg−1). The mean maximum blood concentration of CsA for the oral dose was 776 ng·ml−1 for the 7 CF subjects, which was comparable with the mean peak values of 789 ng·ml−1 for the 3 non-CF control subjects. Poor enteral absorption of CsA probably accounts for the significantly lower mean bioavailability in the 7 CF subjects (14.9%) compared with the 3 non-CF control subjects (39.4%). The effects on the bioavailability of oral CsA solution by pancreatic enzymes (Creon) and histamine-2 antagonist (ranitidine) were also evaluated in the 7 CF subjects. No significant difference was demonstrated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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