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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Curved crack propagation in homogeneous and graded materials (2005)
    PO Box 1354, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2XG, UK. : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Deflection and deviation of cracks commonly occurs because of asymmetry in crack-tip stresses in both homogeneous materials and functionally graded materials (FGMs); yet the analysis of curved cracks has been limited to simple crack shapes, otherwise the analysis would involve extensive levels of computation. The present study investigates the approximation of curved cracks with simplified shapes. A simple analytical model justifying the use of crack-shape approximations, developed in an earlier study on stationary curved cracks in homogeneous materials, is outlined. Then, the approach is applied to propagating cracks in both homogeneous and graded material structures. Results are presented from finite element (FE) simulations of crack propagation using exact and simplified crack shapes. The use of an approximated crack shape can provide basic estimates for crack propagation path and critical load. However, systematic divergence can occur between predictions for exact and approximated crack shapes, particularly in inhomogeneous material configurations, and so the development of solutions for non-straight cracks in FGMs would be expedient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2005.00927.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Subsurface Indentation Damage and Mechanical Characterization of α-Sialon Ceramics (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Two hot-pressed sintered α-sialon samples of differing microstructures, but identical chemical composition, were evaluated first, in terms of indentation hardness and modulus, by depth-sensing indentation (DSI) tests on planes parallel and normal to the hot-pressed surface. The surface and subsurface cracks created under the DSI tests have also been investigated in relation to the effect of microstructure. Subsequently, Vickers indentation tests were conducted to explore the deformation and fracture characteristics in the two samples. The effect of microstructure and grain orientation on the development of different types of cracks, in particular subsurface cracks, was revealed and analyzed. Additionally, it suggested that the focused ion beam (FIB) miller is a preferred tool, in comparison to the conventional cross-sectioning techniques, for examining subsurface crack formation and structural characteristics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb06368.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bactericidal activity in conventional or decontaminated mice undergoing GVHD or radiation-induced injury (1976)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 32 (1976), S. 1527-1529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Oral antibiotic prophylaxis of mice, particularly those with radiation-induced injury or those undergoing GVHD, alters bactericidal activity of the host.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01924432
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Clearance and killing of Candida albicans in the perfused mouse liver (1981)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 76 (1981), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Hepatic interactions of C. albicans with perfused mouse livers were characterized and compared in normal and glucan-treated mice. Normal livers, in the absence of serum, trapped greater than 90% and killed greater than 20% of the infused yeast. Phenylbutazone had no effect. Silica treatment abolished killing and decreased trapping suggesting that candidicidal activity of the liver is mediated by Kupffer cells. Immune serum, but not normal serum, enhanced trapping and killing in normal livers. Liver hypertrophy was evident in mice treated with glucan, but no enhanced candidicidal activity was observed in the absence of humoral factors. Specific immune serum and normal serum increased killing of C. albicans in glucan stimulated livers, suggesting a requirement for serum opsonin in facilitating glucan enhanced killing. Specific immune serum potentiated the greatest increase in killing. Glucan treatment in conjunction with immune serum increased killing to approximately 40%. D-mannose, but not D-glucose or D-mannitol impaired trapping of the yeast in livers of normal mice. Together, the data suggest that hepatic trapping of C. albicans involves phagocytic events as well as interactions of the yeast with surface receptors on sinusoidal cells and support the role for the liver in restricting hematogenous dissemination of C. albicans in the infected host.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437198
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Texture development in Si3N4/BN fibrous monolithic ceramics (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 3365-3371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Preferred orientation was measured in Si3N4/BN fibrous monolithic ceramics using x-ray diffraction. The materials were manufactured by co-extrusion of polymer binder/ceramic blends which were subsequently pyrolized and then hot-pressed to produced a fully dense ceramic composite. A very strong modified wire texture was present in the BN with the basal planes aligned parallel to the axis of extrusion due to shear-induced reorientation of the platelet-shaped BN particles during co-extrusion. Texture was also observed in the Si3N4 and was attributed to a combination of co-extrusion and hot-pressing. After hot pressing, the basal planes of the rod-shaped β-Si3N4 were observed to be preferentially aligned perpendicular to the extrusion direction. Measurements prior to hot-pressing revealed that a small amount (≈5%) of β-Si3N4 was present in the α-Si3N4 starting powder. Although texturing of the predominant α-Si3N4 did not occur during co-extrusion, significant texturing of the β-Si3N4 was observed. During subsequent hot-pressing, the pre-existing textured β-Si3N4 particles appeared to act as seeds for transformation and preferred growth of rod-shaped β grains parallel to the axis of extrusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004880901978
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