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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 228 (1980), S. 91-94 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Phenytoin toxicity ; Anticonvulsant long-term therapy ; Folic acid ; Competitive protein-binding assay ; Hydantoin-Nebenwirkungen ; Antikonvulsive Langzeitbehandlung ; Folsäure ; Kompetitive Protein-Bindungs-Analyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Vergleich der mit Hilfe der kompetitiven Protein-Bindungs-Analyse gemessenen Werte der unreduzierten Folsäure im Serum zwischen 48 mit Hydantoin behandelten Epileptikern und 38 Normalpersonen ergab sich kein signifikanter Unterschied der Mittelwerte. Durchschnittlich lag der Folsäurespiegel bei den Epileptikern mit 7,73 nmol/l gegenüber 7,18 nmol/l bei den Kontrollpersonen etwas höher. Dieser Befund stützt die Hypothese, daß der Folatmangel bei Epileptikern auf einer Blockierung der Umwandlung von Folsäure in 5-Methyltetrahydrofolsäure durch Diphenylhydantoin beruht.
    Notes: Summary No significant difference was found in a comparison between the values of unreduced serum folic acid of 48 epileptics treated with hydantoin and 38 controls as measured by a competitive protein-binding assay. The average folic acid value was 7.73 nmol/l in the epileptics, a little higher than the 7.18 nmol/l found in the controls. This result supports the hypothesis that the folate deficiency in epileptics is caused by blocking the conversion of folic acid to 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid by phenytoin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: [99mTc]TRODAT-1 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Methylphenidate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Involvement of the dopaminergic system has been suggested in patients suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) since the symptoms can be successfully treated with methylphenidate, a potent blocker of the dopamine transporter (DAT). This study reports the findings on the status of the DAT in adults with ADHD before and after commencement of treatment with methylphenidate, as measured using [99mTc]TRODAT-1. Seventeen patients (seven males, ten females, aged 21–64 years, mean 38 years) were examined before and after the initiation of methylphenidate treatment (3×5 mg/day). All subjects were injected with 800 MBq [99mTc]TRODAT-1 and imaged 3 h p.i. Single-photon emission tomography (SPET) scans were acquired using a triple-headed gamma camera. For semiquantitative evaluation of the DAT, transverse slices corrected for attenuation were used to calculate specific binding in the striatum, with the cerebellum used as background [(STR–BKG)/BKG]. Data were compared with an age-matched control group. It was found that untreated patients presented with a significantly increased specific binding of [99mTc]TRODAT-1 to the DAT as compared with normal controls [(STR–BKG)/BKG: 1.43±0.18 vs 1.22±0.06, P〈0.001]. Under treatment with methylphenidate, specific binding decreased significantly in all patients [(STR–BKG)/BKG: 1.00±0.14, P〈0.001]. Our findings suggest that the number of DAT binding sites is higher in drug-naive patients suffering from ADHD than in normal controls. The decrease in available DAT binding sites under treatment with methylphenidate correlates well with the improvement in clinical symptoms. The data of this study help to elucidate the complex dysregulation of the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system in patients suffering from ADHD and the effect of treatment with psychoactive drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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