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  • Electronic Resource  (23)
  • 1990-1994  (21)
  • 1900-1904  (2)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 422 (1993), S. 325-331 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myocyte ; Voltage clamp ; Ionic currents ; Oximes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of isolated guinea-pig ventricular myocytes to the uncharged oximes 2,3 butanedionemonoxine (BDM) and norPAM (but not by the charged PAM) results in a dose-dependent reduction of the duration of the action potential. The nifedipine-sensitive Ca current is fully inhibited by BDM (IC505.8±0.4 mM) and nor PAM but is little affected by PAM. This inhibition is unaltered by the presence of BAY K 8644 but is antagonized by isoprenaline. The effect of isoprenaline is more pronounced when the solution in the patch pipette contains the non-hydrolysable analogue of adenosine 5′-triphosphate, ATPγS (the IC50 is increased to 44.0±5.2 mM). A hastening of the inactivation of the L-type Ca current persists when either 10 mM 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N, N, N′, N-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA) or 3 mM ATPγS is present in the pipette solution or when BAY K 8644 or isoprenaline are present in the bathing fluid. These results suggest that the inhibition of the Ca current is due to the phosphatase-like activity of the oximes but differs in some respects from previous work where a reduced level of phosphorylation is achieved by the introduction of protein kinase inhibitors or protein phosphatases into the sarcoplasm in guinea-pig myocytes. These differences could be explained if Ca channel availability is regulated by at least two sites of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation with oximes able to rapidly dephosphorylate both sites, while one of these sites is not readily dephosphorylated by the endogenous phosphatases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Myocyte ; Intracellular ions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method for the manufacture of ion-sensitive micro-electrodes, which can be readily used with small single cells, is described in detail. A glass pipette with a tip size of 1 μm, essentially similar to those used as suction electrodes in whole-cell recording, when silanized and with its tip filled with a suitable ion-sensitive resin, producesan ion-sensitive electrode with fast electrical and chemical response times. These electrodes can be applied to the cell membrane of isolated myocytes and penetration achieved without cell damage, by the application of suction. For the estimation of intracellular ionic activities they can be used in conjunction with a separate conventional KCl-filled micro-electrode or a suction voltage electrode. The technique is illustrated by the measurement of intracellular Na+, Ca2+ and pH. It is possible that these electrodes can also be used to measure local changes in ionic activity in restricted areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Springer seminars in immunopathology 12 (1990), S. 121-128 
    ISSN: 1432-2196
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion A number of recent studies have been discussed which provide strong evidence that genetic and immunological factors are important in the pathogenesis of PSC. Current evidence suggests that PSC is, like primary biliary cirrhosis, an immunologically mediated disease [8]. It seems likely that the immunological destruction of the biliary system is triggered in genetically predisposed individuals by viruses or bacteria [8]. The association with ulcerative colitis may be explained by the passage of viral or bacterial organisms across the damaged colonic epithelial barrier into the systemic circulation. Further studies are needed to confirm this attractive hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.60.Ev ; 29.30.Kv ; 27.70.+q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract High spin states of175, 176Pt have been populated in144Sm(35Cl,pxn) reactions at beam energies of 175–185 MeV. In-beamγ-ray spectroscopic techniques using the ESSA30 spectrometer array were adopted. Levels up to spin 26 in176Pt and tentatively up to spin 45/2 in175Pt have been identified. The data are interpreted within the framework of Cranked Shell Model calculations using the deformed Woods-Saxon potential and including monopole pairing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 145-153 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: fluvalinate ; pyrethroids ; spider mites ; Tetranychus urticae ; behaviour ; sub-lethal effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Residual deposits of fluvalinate caused two-spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch, dispersal by running off (run-off) and spinning down (spin-down) from treated leaves. Run-off occured at concentrations from 0.0005 g a.i. 1−1 and reached a peak at 0.01 g a.i. 1−1. Spin-down was more predominant at concentrations above 0.01 g a.i. 1−1. Spin-down and run-off proportions varied with fluvalinate formulation. Oviposition was temporarily suppressed on fluvalinate-treated leaves, presumably because of an irritant effect which reduced feeding. An emulsifiable concentrate formulation caused the largest reductions in oviposition. Oviposition returned to the level exhibited by untreated mites two days after removal from treated surfaces. Oviposition and feeding were positively correlated and both declined reciprocally with increasing fluvalinate concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 255-264 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: grasshopper ; monophagy ; polyphagy ; Simmondsia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The feeding behavior of different populations of the grasshopper,Schistocerca shoshone, was investigated in the southwestern United States. Insects from three riparian populations, with a broad spectrum of plants available to them, tended to eat plants roughly in relation to their availability except that broad-leaved herbaceous plants were avoided. Insects from a desert population in a plantation ofSimmondsia fed exclusively on that plant, as did those from another population in the Tucson mountains, despite the availability of a range of other plants. Insects from a third desert population, near Portal, fed mainly onProsopis, the dominant woody plant. In detailed behavioral experiments in the laboratory, insects from Tucson mountains readily acceptedSimmondsia, and less readily acceptedProsopis. Three other common woody plants from the habitat were generally rejected without feeding. Insects from Portal acceptedProsopis andSimmondsia with approximately equal readiness. Breeding experiments suggested that the differences between the plantation insects and those from Portal was genetic and not induced by experience. The insects from both populations were potentially polyphagous and ate a wide range of plants in the laboratory if given no alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 827-828 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Gallbladder ; Carcinoma ; Ulcerative colitis ; Primary sclerosing cholangitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors present the cases of two patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder complicating chronic ulcerative colitis. Both patients had concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis. Twelve such cases of gallbladder carcinoma have been reported in the literature. The presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with ulcerative colitis is associated with malignancy of the extrahepatic biliary tree. It is suggested that, if colectomy is necessary, the liver should be biopsied and a cholecystectomy performed if the gallbladder is deemed abnormal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 6 (1993), S. 79-91 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: associative learning ; grasshopper ; palpation ; plant surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral responses of final-instar nymphs of Schistocerca americanato a variety of acceptable and unacceptable plants were recorded. Palpation occurred on all plants and the palps are involved in both acceptance and rejection. On most unacceptable plants, rejection was at first dependent on biting the leaf, but subsequently on Lantana, Machaeranthera, Moms,and Physalis,rejection often occurred after palpation of the surface alone. This is consistent with the suggestion that associative learning occurs. This response did not wane even when the insects had been without food for over 2 h. There was also some evidence of an innate response to the surface characteristics of Physalis.The features of the surfaces that produced these responses were not determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: development ; food aversion learning ; grasshopper ; habituation ; plant acceptability ; polyphagy ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The feeding behavior of final-instar nymphs ofSchistocerca americana was observed when they first encountered plants that ranged in acceptability from being eaten in large amounts to not being eaten at all. Growth and survival on the same plants through the last stadium were also studied and the results combined as a suitability index to facilitate comparison with the behavior. Although the plants that were eaten most gave the highest suitability index and those that were not eaten permitted no survival, there was no simple relationship between the amounts eaten and the suitability for growth and survival. The possibility that the insects might become habituated to plants that were initially unacceptable was investigated, but no habituation was found over a 3-day period. It is suggested that food intake is largely determined by the presence of deterrent compounds in the less acceptable foods and that nutritional differences between the plants are likely to have been of minor importance. The behavior on some foods suggests that food aversion learning may be involved. It is concluded that the variability of the insects' behavior makes it impossible to predict the suitability of a plant from their immediate behavioral responses. In the field, insects may sometimes reject foods that would be suitable for survival and development, and feed on plants that are nutritionally deficient or even toxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 55 (1990), S. 205-212 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Olfactory sensitivity ; grasshoppers ; electroantennogram ; Larrea ; hostplant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses antennaires ont été examinées par électroantennogramme aux odeurs de plantes hôtes et non hôtes d'orthoptères Gomphocerinae de comportements alimentaires différents: Bootettix argentatus, monophage sur une dicotylédone, Larrea; Ligurotettix coquilletti, oligophage de dicotylédones; Cibolacris parviceps, polyphage; Chorthippus curtipennis, graminivore. Les types de réponse des quatre espèces étaient très voisins, mais les réponses aux odeurs de Larrea de B. argentatus et L. coquilletti, spécialistes de cette plante, étaient relativement plus fortes. Ces résultats suggèrent une similarité globale considérable dans la composition des populations de récepteurs olfactifs de ces quatre espèces d'orthoptères mais aussi une certaine spécificité pour les odeurs de la plante hôte au niveau antennaire.
    Notes: Abstract Antennal responses to host and non-host odours were recorded, using the electroantennogram technique, from four gomphocerine grasshoppers with different feeding habits: Bootettix argentatus (monophagous on Larrea, a dicotyledonous plant), Ligurotettix coquilletti (oligophagous on dicotyledonous plants), Cibolacris parviceps (polyphagous) and Chorthippus curtipennis (graminivorous). The patterns of responses across the plant odours were similar for all four grasshopper species, but there was a relatively greater response to the odour of Larrea in B. argentatus and L. coquilletti which specialise on this plant. This suggests that there is considerable overall similarity in the make up of the olfactory receptor populations of these four grasshoppers species, but that some specificity for hostplant odour does exist at the antennal level.
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