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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mono-sized single-wall carbon nanotubes formed in channels of AlPO4-5 single crystal (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2287-2289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An alternative approach to the synthesis of mono-sized and parallel-aligned single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNs) is reported. The SWCNs are formed in 0.73 nm sized channels of microporous aluminophosphate crystallites by pyrolysis of tripropylamine molecules in the channels. They are characterized through transmission electron microscopy, polarized Raman scattering, and electrical transport measurements. Our results would open a door to further detailed studies on the intrinsic properties of carbon nanotubes now in progress. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121704
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption spectra of Se and HgI2 chains in channels of AlPO4-5 single crystal (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 34-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The absorption spectra are reported for isolated Se and HgI2 semiconductor chains accommodated in AlPO4-5 (AFI) channels of diameter 7.3 Å. The lowest electronic excitation states of the isolated chains are shifted to higher energy from the band edge transitions of their bulk crystals. The blue shifts are qualitatively explained by the quantum confinement effects of carriers in a one-dimensional wire. The experimental result of the Se/AFI is in good agreement with the theoretical expectation based on the effective-mass-approximation. The result of the HgI2/AFI, however, does not agree with the calculation. The different behaviors of the Se/AFI and the HgI2/AFI are expected to result from their different electronic structures. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119296
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature ultraviolet laser emission from self-assembled ZnO microcrystallite thin films (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 3270-3272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Room-temperature ultraviolet (UV) laser emission of ZnO microcrystallite thin films is reported. The hexagonal ZnO microcrystallites are grown by laser molecular beam epitaxy. They are self-assembled and parallelly arrayed on sapphire substrates. The facets of the hexagons form natural Fabry–Pérot lasing cavities. The optical gain for the room-temperature UV stimulated emission is of an excitonic nature and has a peak value an order of magnitude larger than that of bulk ZnO crystal. The observation of room-temperature UV lasing from the ordered, nano-sized ZnO crystals represents an important step towards the development of nanometer photoelectronics. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121620
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of excitonic energy in isolated Se chains formed in channels of AlPO4-5 crystals (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2457-2459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Optical absorption spectra of Se chains formed in channels of AlPO4-5 (AFI) crystals are measured in the temperature range from 80 to 298 K. The excitonic energy of the isolated Se chains is observed to shift to lower energy linearly with increasing temperatures, in sharp contrast to the positive temperature coefficient in trigonal-Se crystal. The marked change in the temperature behavior of the excitonic energy is attributed to the greatly diminished interchain interaction in Se–AFI as well as the weakening of the electron-optical-phonon coupling in a low-dimensional system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120113
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electro-optic modulation and self-poling in strain-induced waveguides in barium strontium titanate niobate (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1381-1383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Characterization of bulk single crystals and optical waveguides in Ba1−xSrxTiyNb2−yO6 (BSTN) indicate it to be a promising new ferroelectric material for electrooptic devices. The electro-optic coefficient r33 is measured to be 218±12 pm/V, a factor of 7 greater than LiNbO3. Data on refractive indices, dielectric constant, and Curie temperature Tc in bulk samples are also presented. Strain-induced waveguides in Z-cut samples exhibited low losses (1.8 dB/cm for TM polarization and 2.5 dB/cm for TE polarization) at a wavelength of 1.3 μm. Electro-optic modulation was demonstrated in these waveguides to frequencies (approximately-greater-than)100 MHz. A "self-poling'' effect was found, whereby strong electro-optic modulation is observed in the strain waveguides without repoling the crystal after processing at temperatures far above Tc. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115540
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-loss strain induced optical waveguides in strontium barium niobate (Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6) at 1.3 μm wavelength (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 274-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-loss optical waveguides have been produced in z-cut Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 (SBN:60) and electro-optic modulation has been demonstrated at a wavelength of 1.3 μm. The refractive index increase responsible for waveguiding results from a strain produced by a SiO2 film which has been deposited on the surface of the substrate at 320 °C. The waveguides are formed in the crystal by dry etching of channels in the strain film. The resulting optical waveguides support both polarizations. Propagation loss values of 0.7 dB/cm for TM polarization and 1.6 dB/cm for TE polarization were measured. Electro-optic modulation up to 22 MHz was performed on repoled samples using coplanar electrodes. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113515
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strain induced optical waveguides in lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, and barium titanate (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Channel waveguides have been produced in LiNbO3, LiTaO3, and BaTiO3 ferroelectric crystals by depositing thick SiO2 films at an elevated temperature and patterning them by reactive ion etching. The static strain resulting from the large thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate and film causes a localized increase in the refractive index via the strain-optic effect. In addition, an electro-optic contribution to the index increase is believed to result from a surface charge distribution which compensates the electric field due to the piezoelectric effect. Single-mode waveguides at a wavelength of 0.633 μm for both polarizations have been produced in x-cut LiNbO3, with losses of 0.8 dB/cm for TE polarization and 0.9 dB/cm for TM polarization. The 11-μm-wide channel waveguides were formed by a z-axis strain induced by a 2.8-μm-thick SiO2 film deposited at 300 °C. Electro-optic modulation was also demonstrated in these waveguides. Guiding for both polarizations was also observed in LiTaO3 and BaTiO3 channel waveguides at 0.83 μm wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106672
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable guided-wave optical polarization converters in lithium tantalate (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 1059-1061 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tunable guided-wave TE↔TM mode converters have been produced in LiTaO3 using strain-induced polarization mode coupling. The waveguides are formed by Zn diffusion from the vapor phase. Phase matched coupling is obtained by depositing a thick SiO2 film at an elevated temperature and delineating a spatially periodic pattern in the film at room temperature. The static shear strain resulting from the large thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate and film causes an off-diagonal change in the refractive index via the strain-optic effect and promotes TE↔TM coupling. Polarization conversion in excess of 98% was achieved at a wavelength of 627 nm in X-cut LiTaO3. The conversion efficiency is highly wavelength selective, with a spectral width of 7.3 nm in the 5.4 mm long device. Thermal and electro-optic tuning of the center wavelength was demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108794
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Third-order optical nonlinearity in ZnO microcrystallite thin films (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3321-3323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the measurement of third-order optical nonlinearity (χ(3)) of ZnO microcrystallite thin films near the excitonic resonance at various temperatures using the femtosecond degenerate four-wave-mixing technique. The measured χ(3) response times are 270, 240, and 160 fs at 4.2 K, 77 K, and room temperature, respectively. The values of χ(3) range from 10−7 to 10−4 esu. The maximum values of χ(3) always correspond to the absorption peaks at different temperatures. Room-temperature excitonic enhancement of χ(3) is also observed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125338
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Taxonomy of Wisteria vein mosaic virus and extensions to its host range and geographical distribution (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 52 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Wisteria mosaic, a serious disease of Wisteria spp. in horticultural production in many parts of the world, is caused by a virus, Wisteria vein mosaic virus (WVMV). This paper reports the presence of the virus in a new host, Wisteria venusta, and a new geographical distribution, New South Wales, Australia. A partial sequence (1329 nucleotides) of this isolate of WVMV was obtained, which represents the first available sequence data for the virus. Alignment of the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences with those of members of the Potyviridae showed closest identity with viruses of the Potyvirus genus. The predicted amino acid sequence has one open reading frame, open at the 5′ end, corresponding to part of the nuclear inclusion b protein and the capsid protein, followed by a 251-nucleotide untranslated region and a polyadenylated tail at the 3′ end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00798.x
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