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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on morphine-withdrawal syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Pilocarpine ; Atropine ; Dexetimide ; Methylscopolamine ; Morphine addiction ; Narcotic withdrawal ; Aggression ; Wet shakes ; Diarrhea ; Dopamine ; Acetylcholine interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of pilocarpine, atropine and dexetimide were studied on the occurrence and intensity of morphine-withdrawal signs observed after cessation of chronic morphine injections. Pilocarpine was effective in reducing both ‘wet-dog’ like body shakes and aggression but it increased diarrhea and weight loss. Pretreatment with atropine blocked all of the effects of pilocarpine on withdrawal signs. Methylscopolamine pretreatment blocked only diarrhea. The administration of atropine or dexetimide produced no significant effect on any of the withdrawal signs. These results indicate a role for central cholinergic mechanism in narcotic withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427289
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological control ofDiatraea saccharalis [Lep.: Pyralidae] in Florida by periodic releases ofLixophaga diatraeae [Dipt.: Tachinidae] (1976)
    Springer
    BioControl 21 (1976), S. 359-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des lâchers de la mouche parasite, appelée vulgairement mouche de Cuba, dans les champs de anne, en Floride, ont limité les populations du foreur de la canne. La tachinaire a parasité 20 à 78% des foreurs. En outre, la descendance des parasites a été retrouvée à plus de 3 km des points de lâcher. Les dégâts aux cannes à sucre furent moindres dans les champs où les lâchers ont été effectués que dans les champs voisins.
    Notes: Abstract Lixophaga diatraeae (Townsend) parasitized 20 to 78% ofDiatraea saccharalis (F) larval populations within 3 weeks after release. The flies (4 to 6 days old) did not migrate from the release area, but the progeny dispersed as much as 3 km into adjacent untreated areas within 5 generations. Progeny dispersal, apparently during the prelarviposition period, resulted in 100% parasitization ofD. saccharalis larvae in some plots. In 2 of the 3 tests, the host population decreased after the releases. Percentage damaged internodes increased with distance from the release site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371634
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The H+/site ratio of mitochondrial electron transport (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 89 (1976), S. 595-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The number of H+ ejected during passage of 2e- through each energy-conserving site of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (the H+/site ratio) was measured in three ways. In each case transmembrane movements of endogenous phosphate were minimized. (1) Measurement of the uptake of weak acids during loading of mitochondria with Ca2+ demonstrated that 2.0 weak acid anions were accumulated per Ca2+ ion. Since 1.7 to 2.0 Ca2+ ions were taken up per site, these data correspond to an H+/site ratio of 3.5 to 4.0. (2) More direct measurement of H+ ejection using the oxygen pulse technique demonstrated that the H+/site ratio was 3.0. In these experiments phosphate movements were prevented by addition of N-ethylmaleimide to inhibit phosphate-hydroxide antiport, by washing the mitochondria to remove endogenous phosphate, or by working at 5°C to reduce the rate of phosphate transport. When phosphate movements were allowed, H+/site ratios of 2.0 were observed. (3) Measurement of the initial steady rates of oxygen consumption and H+ ejection following addition of substrate to aerobic, substrate-limited mitochondria yielded H+/site ratios of 2.0, which were elevated to 4.0 when phosphate transport was prevented as described above.Previous determinations of the H+/site ratio were thus underestimates due to the unrecognized movements of endogenous phosphate; our results show that the H+/site ratio is at least 3.0 and may be as high as 4.0.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040890415
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased PRPP synthetase activity in cultured rat hepatoma cells containing mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 88 (1976), S. 331-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Nine independently derived clones of mutagenized rat hepatoma cells selected for resistance to 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) or 6-thioguanine (6-ThioG) have been isolated. Each has severely reduced catalytic activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and seven of them possess significantly increased activities of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase. The degrees of elevations of PRPP synthetase activities do not correlate with the degrees of deficiencies of HPRT activities.The cells from one of these clones, 1020/12, possess 40% of the normal HPRT catalytic activity and overproduce purines. We have extensively examined the cells from this clone. Immunotitration studies of 1020/12 cells indicate that there is a mutation in the structural gene for HPRT. Although they possess increased specific catalytic activities of the enzyme, PRPP synthetase, the catalytic parameters, heat stability, and isoelectric pH of PRPP synthetase from 1020/12 cells are indistinguishable from those of the enzyme from wild-type cells.The cause of purine overproduction by 1020/12 cells appears to be the elevated PRPP synthetase activity, rather than a PRPP “sparing” effect stemming from reduced HPRT activity. Support for this idea is provided by the observation that the complete loss of HPRT activity in a clone derived from 1020/12 cells does not further enhance the levels of PRPP synthetase or purine overproduction.We propose that the elevated levels of PRPP synthetase activity in these HPRT deficient cells result from a mutational event in the structural gene for HPRT, and that this causes the disruption of a previously undescribed regulatory function of this gene on the expression of the PRPP synthetase gene.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040880309
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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