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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 83 (1973), S. 63-71 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have developed two distinct methods of biological rhythm analysis. The procedures are based on existing techniques for analysis of time series, Enright's periodogram and autocorrelation, and both of the new methods use the parameter, period length (τ), for defining oscillatory phenomena. We empirically evaluated the two types of analyses using real biological data from circadian rhythm studies in salamanders and sparrows. The first method permits us to make a statistical comparison of period lengths between groups of animals in given treatments. This method is useful for data where the signal-to-noise ratio of the suspected rhythm is very low; and the method is not adequate for making a definitive judgment from single animals. It can best be applied to the question of whether a signal is entraining a rhythm or not and to questions of group differences in period length. With the second method, we determined period length versus time. Using this procedure, we took into consideration the observation that the period length of many biological oscillations changes with time. The method is applicable to records from individual animals, and it can be used to compare treatment effects in individual animals. The technique can also be used to answer the common question of whether periodicityper se exists within a defined range in a time series.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Electron energy loss spectroscopy ; Iron-containing particles ; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill ; Mutantchloronerva ; Oxidative stress ; Subcellular localisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mutantchloronerva ofLycopersicon esculentum Mill is the only known plant mutation that leads to a complete loss of the endogenous iron chelator nicotianamine. The mutant exhibits several morphological alterations and a permanent activation of the strategy I reactions of iron uptake as well as iron accumulation in roots and leaves. The electron microscopic energy loss technique of energy spectroscopic imaging (ESI) was used to localise the iron accumulated in the organs of wild-type and mutant plants. Iron-containing particles were detected in the chloroplast stroma and in vacuoles of mutant leaves, and in root cells in vacuoles and in mitochondria. In wild-type organs such particles were found at the same sites but they were smaller in size and occurred less frequently. The findings indicate that these compartments are preferential sites of iron storage or deposition in tomato tissues. It is discussed that the iron-containing particles detected are the result of iron release by oxidative stress. Application of nicotianamine to mutant plants, which reverts the mutant phenotype, led to a significant decrease of the iron-containing particles. This is seen as an indication that they may serve as intermediate iron stores and emphasises the crucial role of nicotianamine for the normal iron distribution in cells and organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We investigated the expression of myosin subunits (myosin heavy chains) as well as light chains and thein vivo phosphorylation of the phosphorylatable myosin light chain in the heart ventricle of the adult male European hamster (Cricetus cricetus L.). Two myosin heavy chain isoenzymes could be detected under native and denaturing electrophoretic conditions having high (α-myosin heavy chain) and low (β-myosin heavy chain) enzymatic activity. Enzymatic activity ofα- andβ-myosin heavy chain revealed a different temperature dependency. When temperature increased ATPase activity of theα-myosin heavy chain isoenzyme increased relatively more than ATPase activity of theβ-myosin heavy chain isoenzyme. Summer animals expressed predominantly theβ-myosin heavy chain (79% of total myosin) while during hibernation theα-myosin heavy chain expression increased to 53% of total myosin. Winter-active hamsters kept at 22°C and 12 h day/night rhythm showed the same myosin heavy chain isoenzyme pattern as summer-active animals. Two myosin light chain forms were expressed in the ventricle of all animal groups. thein vivo phosphorylation level of the phosphorylatable myosin light chain decreased from 45% in summer-active hamster to 23% during hibernation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 36 (1988), S. 343-353 
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Structural and functional characteristics of young barley chloroplasts formed from etioplasts in continuous light (8 h) at 25 °C and 42 °C were investigated before and after a transfer to darkness for a long time. No substantial differences in the visible thylakoid structures were found during the illumination at both temperatures. In the subsequent dark period a tendency for preservation of the structures formed at 42 °C was observed. A grouping of mitochondria to the chloroplasts was found in control plants (25 °C in darkness). In these seedlings a stack-like structure appeared, which is not a normal thylakoid stack. The chlorophyll synthesis was enhanced at 42 °C. A markedly expressed degradation of chlorophyll b was found in these seedlings during the dark period. The possible role of some protective mechanisms induced during the temperature stress is discussed.
    Abstract: Краткое содержание Структуру юныш шлоролдастов ячмэня, образовавшуюся из этиопласоов при неирерывном освещении в течение 8 часов, исследовали с номощью электронной микросконии до и носле номещения в темноту и возлействия температурами в 25 °C и 42 °C после темновыш периодов различной продолжительности. При этом не наблюдалось существенныш различий видимой структуры тилакоид бо время светового периода при обоиш названныш температураш. В иоследующиш темновыш нериодаш была установлена тенденция к консервированию образованной стрыктыры при бояее высокой темиературе (42 °C). У контрольныш растений (25 °C), в темноте) наблюдалось наслоение митошондрий у шлоропластов и особая стонообразная структура, которая, кажется, неидентична со стопами нормальныш тилакоид и которая затем опять исчезает в шоде далюнейшего воздествия темноты. Синтеа шлорофилла был повышын нри 42 °C, а во время темновой фазы у этуш растений было установяено четко выраженное снижение шлорофилла б. Обеуздается наличие возможныш защитныш мешанизмов при действии теплового шока.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Struktur junger Gersten-Chloroplasten, die aus Etioplasten in kontinuierlichem Licht innerhalb von 8 Stunden gebildet worden sind, wurde vor und nach der Übertragung in Dunkelheit und Temperaturen von 25 °C und 42 °C nach unterschiedlich langen Dunkelperioden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Dabei wurden keine substantiellen Unterschiede der sichtbaren Thylakoidstrukturen während der Lichtphase bei beiden Temperaturen beobachtet. In der nachfolgenden Dunkelperiode wurde eine Tendenz zur Konservierung der gebildeten Strukturen bei der höheren Temperatur (42 °C) festgestellt. In den Kontrollpflanzen (25 °C in Dunkelheit) wurde die Anlagerung von Mitochondrien bei den Chloroplasten und eine besondere, stapelähnliche Struktur beobachtet, die nicht mit normalen Thylakoidstapeln identisch zu sein scheint und im Laufe der weiteren Dunkelbehandlung wieder verschwindet. Die Chlorophyllsynthese war bei 42 °C erhöht und während der Dunkelphase wurde in diesen Pflanzen ein deutlich ausgeprägter Abbau von Chlorophyll b festgestellt. Das Vorliegen möglicher Schutzmechanismen bei Temperaturstress wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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