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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 11 (1981), S. 699-720 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stochastic scheme proposed in a previous paper as subjacent to quantum mechanics is analyzed in the light of the difficulties and criticisms encountered by similar attempts. It is shown that the limitation of the domain where the theory is valid gives a reply to the criticisms, but restricts its practical usefulness to the description of basic features. A stochastic approach of the hadron mass spectrum, allowing the scheme to emerge in the domain of experimental verification (to be worked out in a later paper) is outlined. The model is found not to be in disagreement with Bell's argument opposed to hidden variables; a same origin is suggested for the difficulties encountered in both domains. The views proposed are compared with the Copenhagen interpretation: common points and divergences are analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 16 (1986), S. 1021-1060 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper the squared mass of the hadron is defined as a random variable, whose average is the measured quantity. This leads to a mass formula, of a unique type for mesons and baryons, with a general law for the spin variation of the coefficients. The central squared masses form an overall geometrical scheme; in the baryon case it contains trajectories which are a fine structure of the Regge trajectories. For the accurately measured masses the difference between the computed and experimental value lies within 5 MeV for mesons and baryons. The geometrical scheme will be the basis for the computation of the decay rates, to be developed in the next paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 16 (1986), S. 1159-1210 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The definition of mass as a random variable is applied to the study of the decay rates. A decay is assumed possible when the fluctuation of the Gaussian variables involved makes a definite relation satisfied. Computing the probability of this process leads to the determination of the decay amplitude. This calculation, unified for baryons and mesons, is worked out in the lower and medium spectrum (up to2000 MeV for baryons and mesons), and fits to≈20 MeV the accurate measurements of width and branching ratios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 16 (1986), S. 1315-1328 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The connection with the quarks of the stochastic model proposed in the two preceding papers is studied; the slopes of the baryon trajectories are calculated with reference to the quarks. Suggestions are made for the interpretation of the model (quadratic or linear addition of the contributions to the mass, dependence of the decay on the quantum numbers of the hadrons involved, etc.) and concerning its link with the quarkonium model, which describes the mesons with charm or beauty. The controversial question of the “subquantum level” is examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 11 (1981), S. 863-872 
    ISSN: 1572-9516
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The stochastic approach worked out in earlier papers is applied to the Dirac fluid. It gives a model of the Schrödinger zitterbewegung, from which, by the spinor-vector correspondence, a model of the plane monochromatic wave in the rest frame is derived. The relation of the scheme with quantization is found to have the same character as in the previous papers. The link of spin with relativity is explained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words  Force velocity relationship  ;  Muscle power  ;  Electromyography  ;  Bench press
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although explosive power in lower-body movements has been extensively studied, there is a paucity of research examining such movements in the upper body. This study aimed to investigate the influence of load and the stretch shortening cycle (SSC) on the kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation that occurs during maximal effort throws. A total of 17 male subjects performed SSC and concentric only (CO) bench throws using loads of 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, 90% and 100% of their previously determined one repetition maximum bench press. The displacement, velocity, acceleration, force and power output as well as the electromyogram (EMG) from pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and triceps brachii were recorded for each throw. The results were compared using multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures. A criterion alpha level of P ≤ 0.05 was used. Similar force velocity power relationships were determined for this multijoint upper-body movement as has been found for isolated muscles, single joint movements, and vertical jumping. The highest power output was produced at the 30% [563 (104) W] and 45% [560 (86) W] loads during the SSC throws. Force output increased as a function of load; however, even the lighter loads resulted in considerable force due to the high accelerations produced. Average velocity, average and peak force, and average and peak power output were significantly higher for the SSC throws compared to the CO throws. However, peak velocity and height thrown were not potentiated by performing the pre-stretch because the duration and range of movement allowed the ability of the muscle to generate force at high shortening velocities to dominate the resulting throw. As such, explosive movements involving longer concentric actions than experienced during brief SSC movements may be limited by the ability of the muscle to produce force during fast contraction velocities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 69 (1994), S. 250-257 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Muscle tests ; Performance assessment ; Isokinetic and isometric tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to develop a new test of muscle function, termed the isoinertial force-mass relationship, and to determine its relationship to dynamic physical performance in comparison to an isometric test. A group of 13 trained subjects performed an isometric, and a series of iso-inertial maximal upper body tests, in a bench press movement at loads of 30%, 60%, 100% (concentric) and 100%, 130% and 150% (eccentric) of maximum. Vertical forces exerted throughout the movement were recorded by a force plate. In addition, the subjects performed the following three performance tests: a maximal bench press, a seated shotput, and two drop bench-press throws from a height of 0.25 m, with loads of 10 kg and 30% of maximum. Correlation analysis demonstrated that in each instance the iso-inertial force mass tests were the best predictors of performance (r=0.78–0.88) with both contraction type and mass specific effects apparent. Maximal isometric force and rate of force development were significantly related to some performance variables (r=0.22–0.78). However, for all the performance movements assessed, the iso-inertial test modality recorded the highest relationship to performance. The difference in the relationship between performance and iso-inertial and isometric test modalities was particularly evident in the light load dynamic performance of the seated shotput (r=0.86 vsr=0.38, respectively). These results are explained in part by the neural and mechanical differences between iso-inertial and isometric muscle actions and their respective specificity to dynamic physical performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial abscesses were evoked in goats. Imaging of these abscesses was obtained by means of labelling autologous granulocytes with 111In oxinate, reinjection of the cells into the animal, and scintigraphy by gamma camera one day later. Comparable imaging results, however, were obtained after intravenous injection of 111In oxinate or of 111In chloride. The gamma camera images were supported by tissue distribution studies. In the case of administration of 111In oxinate to the goats, the radioactivity accumulated in the cell fraction of the blood to a significant extent. This did not occur in the case of plain 111In chloride. It remained unexplained why such different accumulation in cells did not result in differences in the scintigraphic studies. Blood clearance studies supplied conclusive evidence that the granulocytes stayed in the circulation for several days following labelling with 111In oxinate and reinjection of the cells into the animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 15 (1876), S. 437-444 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 73 (1996), S. 346-352 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Resistance training ; Performance enhancement ; Exercise selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is a paucity of research into the importance of performing strength training exercises in postures specific to the movements they are attempting to facilitate. In addressing this question, 27 previously trained subjects were randomly allocated into heavy weight training and control groups. The weight training group performed 4–6 sets of 6–10 repetitions of the squat and bench press lifts twice a week for 8 weeks. Prior to and after the training period the following tests were conducted: bench press throw at 30% of maximal load, vertical jump, maximal squat and bench press lifts, push-up test performed over a force platform, 40-m sprint, 6-s cycle, and isokinetic tests assessing upper and lower body musculature in varying actions. The results supported the concept that posture is important in training as those exercises conducted in similar postures to the training recorded the greatest improvement in performance. For example, after completion of the training the weight training subjects significantly increased by approximately 12% the maximal load lifted in the bench press exercise and the peak torque in the isokinetic bench press test. However, performance in the isokinetic horizontal arm adduction test was not significantly changed. We speculate that the phenomenon of posture specificity may, at least in part, be caused by the differing postures altering the neural input to the musculature. The results stress the importance of selecting exercises in which the posture closely resembles that of the movements they are attempting to facilitate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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