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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BIT 25 (1985), S. 165-187 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We survey preconditioned iterative methods with the emphasis on solving large sparse systems such as arise by discretization of boundary value problems for partial differential equations. We discuss shortly various acceleration methods but the main emphasis is on efficient preconditioning techniques. Numerical simulations on practical problems have indicated that an efficient preconditioner is the most important part of an iterative algorithm. We report in particular on the state of the art of preconditioning methods for vectorizable and/or parallel computers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BIT 29 (1989), S. 769-793 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 65N20 ; 65N30 ; two-level ; multilevel methods ; optimal preconditioners ; survey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We survey multilevel iterative methods applied for solving large sparse systems with matrices, which depend on a level parameter, such as arise by the discretization of boundary value problems for partial differential equations when successive refinements of an initial discretization mesh is used to construct a sequence of nested difference or finite element meshes. We discuss various two-level (two-grid) preconditioning techniques, including some for nonsymmetric problems. The generalization of these techniques to the multilevel case is a nontrivial task. We emphasize several ways this can be done including classical multigrid methods and a recently proposed algebraic multilevel preconditioning method. Conditions for which the methods have an optimal order of computational complexity are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BIT 12 (1972), S. 443-467 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract To solve large sparse systems of linear equations with symmetric positive definite matrixA=D+L+L*,D=diag(A), with iteration, the SSOR method with one relaxation parameter ω has been applied, yielding a spectral condition number approximately equal to the square root of that ofA, if the condition $$S(\tilde L\tilde L*) \leqq \tfrac{1}{4}$$ , where $$\tilde L = D^{ - \tfrac{1}{2}} LD^{ - \tfrac{1}{2}} $$ , is satisfied and if 0〈ω〈2 is chosen optimally. The matrix arising from the differenced Dirichlet problem satisfies in general the spectral radius condition given above, only if the coefficients of the differential equation are constant and if the mesh-width is uniform. However, using one relaxation parameter for each mesh-point, the main result for the SSOR method, that the spectral condition number varies with a parameterζ 〉 0 likeO([ζ −1 +ζ/λ 1]h −1),h → 0, whereλ 1 h 2 is the smallest eigenvalue ofD −1 A, carries over for variable smooth coefficients and even for certain kinds of discontinuities among the coefficients, if the mesh-width is adjusted properly in accordance with the discontinuity. Since the resulting matrix of iteration has positive eigenvalues, a semi-iterative technique can be used. The necessary number of iterations is thus onlyO(h −1/2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BIT 29 (1989), S. 577-582 
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 26 (1988), S. 1236-1236 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2085-2111 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The stability of time-stepping methods for parabolic differential equations is mostly a critical issue. Furthermore, solving such equations with a classical time-stepping approach can be very expensive because many small time-steps have to be taken if steep gradients occur in the solution, even if these occur only in a narrow part of the space domain. In this paper we present a discretization technique in which finite element approximations are used in time and space simultaneously for a relatively large time period called a ‘time-slab’. This technique may be repeatedly applied to obtain further parts of the solution in subsequent time-intervals. It will be shown that, with the proposed method, the solution can be computed cheaply even if it has steep gradients and that stability is automatically guaranteed. For the solution of the non-linear algebraic equations on each time-slab fast iterative methods can be used.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 26 (1988), S. 2345-2345 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications 1 (1994), S. 75-101 
    ISSN: 1070-5325
    Keywords: Variable-step preconditioners ; Nonlinear preconditioning ; Generalized conjugate gradient method ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: When solving large size systems of equations by preconditioned iterative solution methods, one normally uses a fixed preconditioner which may be defined by some eigenvalue information, such as in a Chebyshev iteration method. In many problems, however, it may be more effective to use variable preconditioners, in particular when the eigenvalue information is not available.In the present paper, a recursive way of constructing variable-step of, in general, nonlinear multilevel preconditioners for selfadjoint and coercive second-order elliptic problems, discretized by the finite element method is proposed. The preconditioner is constructed recursively from the coarsest to finer and finer levels. Each preconditioning step requires only block-diagonal solvers at all levels except at every k0, k0 ≥ 1 level where we perform a sufficient number ν, ν ≥ 1 of GCG-type variable-step iterations that involve the use again of a variable-step preconditioning for that level.It turns out that for any sufficiently large value of k0 and, asymptotically, for ν sufficiently large, but not too large, the method has both an optimal rate of convergence and an optimal order of computational complexity, both for two and three space dimensional problem domains.The method requires no parameter estimates and the convergence results do not depend on the regularity of the elliptic problem.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications 1 (1994), S. 155-177 
    ISSN: 1070-5325
    Keywords: Preconditioning ; Diagonal compensation ; Eigenvalue bounds ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: When solving linear algebraic equations with large and sparse coefficient matrices, arising, for instance, from the discretization of partial differential equations, it is quite common to use preconditioning to accelerate the convergence of a basic iterative scheme. Incomplete factorizations and sparse approximate inverses can provide efficient preconditioning methods but their existence and convergence theory is based mostly on M-matrices (H-matrices). In some application areas, however, the arising coefficient matrices are not H-matrices. This is the case, for instance, when higher-order finite element approximations are used, which is typical for structural mechanics problems. We show that modification of a symmetric, positive definite matrix by reduction of positive offdiagonal entries and diagonal compensation of them leads to an M-matrix. This diagonally compensated reduction can take place in the whole matrix or only at the current pivot block in a recursive incomplete factorization method. Applications for constructing preconditioning matrices for finite element matrices are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications 1 (1994), S. 213-236 
    ISSN: 1070-5325
    Keywords: Optimal order preconditioners ; Algebraic multilevel ; Chebyshev polynomial approximation ; Diagonal compensation ; Approximate inverses ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: The numerical solution of elliptic selfadjoint second-order boundary value problems leads to a class of linear systems of equations with symmetric, positive definite, large and sparse matrices which can be solved iteratively using a preconditioned version of some algorithm. Such differential equations originate from various applications such as heat conducting and electromagnetics. Systems of equations of similar type can also arise in the finite element analysis of structures.We discuss a recursive method constructing preconditioners to a symmetric, positive definite matrix. An algebraic multilevel technique based on partitioning of the matrix in two by two matrix block form, approximating some of these by other matrices with more simple sparsity structure and using the corresponding Schur complement as a matrix on the lower level, is considered.The quality of the preconditioners is improved by special matrix polynomials which recursively connect the preconditioners on every two adjoining levels. Upper and lower bounds for the degree of the polynomials are derived as conditions for a computational complexity of optimal order for each level and for an optimal rate of convergence, respectively.The method is an extended and more accurate algebraic formulation of a method for nine-point and mixed five- and nine-point difference matrices, presented in some previous papers.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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