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  • 11
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Surfactants have been shown to organize silica into a variety of mesoporous forms, through the mediation of electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, covalent and van der Waals interactions. This approach to mesostructured materials has been extended, with sporadic success, to non-silica oxides, which ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 215-222 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Insecta ; age-related behavior ; sugar feeding ; carbohydrate ; sucrose ; aging ; Agrotis ipsilon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Age-related consumption and longevity were monitored in the laboratory for adultA. ipsilon fed either a 1M sucrose solution or water. An additional group was completely starved. Adults consumed sucrose solution and water just after eclosion; the percentage feeding daily and the mean daily consumption for females and males fed sucrose solution declined with time, whereas the percentage feeding daily and the mean daily consumption of those fed water increased with time. Total consumption was significantly higher for those fed sucrose solution (P〈0.01) because they lived longer, but consumption per day averaged over the entire adult stage was not significantly different between those fed sucrose solution and those fed water (P〉0.05). Mean longevity was significantly extended for females and males fed sucrose solution over those fed water or starved (P〈0.01). Moreover, consumption of either fluid was significantly correlated with extended longevity in all groups (P〈0.05). These data on fluid consumption by adultA. ipsilon are discussed relative to posteclosion migratory activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 9 (1996), S. 755-769 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: fecundity ; oviposition ; behavior ; egg masses ; eggs ; aging ; population density ; adult longevity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Age-related oviposition patterns ofOstrinia nubilalis were studied at three population densities in the laboratory by releasing newly eclosed adults in wire-screened cages and analyzing their oviposition throughout the adult stage with digital analysis. Oviposition sequences of individual females depositing egg masses were documented on the third and seventh nights after eclosion with a video camcorder. During a sequence, a female produced an egg in an average time of 15 or 26 s on the third and seventh nights, respectively, and completed depositing an egg mass the size of 20–39 eggs in an average time of 316 and 525 s, respectively. Females were not easily disturbed during egg mass deposition and pulsated their abdomen before deposition of each egg. Females produced few egg masses the first night after eclosion. Oviposition increased on nights 2 and 3 but declined steadily thereafter as females matured. Females older than 6 nights produced fewer egg masses; the proportion of egg masses with fewer than 20 eggs increased gradually. By the end of the adults' lifetime, nearly 100% of the egg masses had fewer than 20 eggs. The data are fundamental to our research to define the role of phytochemicals in modifying oviposition behavior of the European corn borer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: European corn borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) ; growth ; development ; fecundity ; oviposition ; behavior ; eggs ; DIMBOA ; water extract ; plant extract ; maize ; Peruvian maize ; maize accessions ; host plant resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Twelve Peruvian maize, Zea mays, accessions were selected because of their relatively high level of field resistance to first-generation European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, larval leaf-feeding. Water extracts of freeze-dried, powdered, leaf tissue were incorporated into a standard ECB diet, fed to larvae, and the effects on larval growth, development, and fecundity were measured. Larval and pupal weights were monitored as were the time elapsed in the larval, pupal, and adult stages. Adult fecundity and egg fertility were recorded. The experiment was a randomized block design (larvae and pupae) or a completely randomized design (adults) and analyzed with ANOVA (α = 0.05). Pairwise comparisons were made between groups of insects grown on diets containing extracts from the Peruvian lines, a standard diet, or diets containing extracts of a known susceptible inbred, and a known resistant inbred line. Survival was analyzed with a chi-squared test (α = 0.05). Two Peruvian accessions significantly reduced female larval and pupal weights, extended pupal and adult development time, and decreased survival of pupae and adults. Water extracts also had a pronounced impact on males; two accessions significantly reduced pupal weight and extended the time required to pupate, and one reduced male survival to adults. The results indicate that water-soluble factors from resistant Peruvian accessions inhibit the growth, developmental time, and survival of ECB. These resistance factors could be useful in the development of maize germplasm with insect-resistant traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 19 (1992), S. 237-246 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: approximate digestibility ; assimilation ; corn earworm ; excretion ; food consumption ; growth rate ; midgut ; noctuidae ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When precocene II was fed to last instar larvae of Heliothis zea, it caused significant reductions in the calculated rate of growth, rate of nutrient assimilation, and conversion of ingested and digested food to body mass. No change in the rate of food consumption occurred but respiration was significantly higher. Transport of the nutrient [1-14C] linoleic acid across midgut tissue was hindered when larvae were fed precocence II. There was also a precocene-induced change in the apical (luminal) morphology of midgut cells, including absence of the glycocalyx and loss of the microvillar absorptive surface. The influence of precocene II on the midgut physiology and metabolic processes in last instar larvae of H. zea may account for the observed reduced growth and delayed development. © 1992 wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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