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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-emitting diodes from partially conjugated poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5177-5180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the effect of conversion conditions on the device characteristics of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) light-emitting diodes. Both electroluminescence and photoluminescence intensities decrease with increasing degree of conversion. Partial conjugation enhances the electroluminescence intensity and gives an efficiency (with Ca as electron-injecting contact) as high as 0.75% photons per electron, about two orders of magnitude more efficient than from similar devices prepared from fully converted PPV. The results of constant current stress measurements suggest that the partially conjugated PPV diode is relatively stable at room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353794
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow: A two-dimensional time-dependent hydrodynamical ion extraction model (1992)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 1447-1456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The simulation of ion extraction from a quasineutral plasma is described using a two-dimensional time-dependent numerical fluid equation code, flow. Ion motion is treated using the cold ion continuity and momentum conservation equations in the potential field of complex structures. An upwind differencing scheme in Cartesian coordinates is used to solve these fluid equations. The plasma electrons are modeled as having a Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, which allows for ion acoustic effects inside the plasma. The growth and evolution of two-dimensional ion sheaths is treated while evaluating the ion flux collected on the extractor surface. It is found that spatial grids very much coarser than the Debye length (of order ten times larger or greater) can be successfully used to accurately model ion extraction. Although the transition region between the high density quasi-neutral plasma and the ion sheath is not resolved, the ion flux across this region is still obtained correctly. The assumption of a Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution for the electrons requires the solution of a highly nonlinear Poisson equation. Previous approaches to this problem have relied upon a Newton–Raphson root search with standard iterative techniques for the resulting linearized equations. A new methodology is described here using the recently developed strongly implicit procedure (SIP), which has been optimized for the discretized two-dimensional Laplace operator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860055
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semiconducting polymer-buckminsterfullerene heterojunctions: Diodes, photodiodes, and photovoltaic cells (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 585-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The characterization of rectifying heterojunctions (diodes) fabricated from a semiconducting polymer, a soluble derivative of poly(phenylene-vinylene), and buckminsterfullerene, C60, are reported. Rectification ratios in the current versus voltage characteristics exceed 104. When illuminated, the devices exhibit a large photoresponse as a result of photoinduced electron transfer across the heterojunction interface from the semiconducting polymer (donor) onto C60 (acceptor). The photodiode and photovoltaic responses are characterized. Photoinduced electron transfer across the donor-accepted rectifying heterojunction offers potential for photodetector and for solar cell applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108863
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: Visible light emission from semiconducting polymer diodes [Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1982 (1991)] (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 878-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106423
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visible light emission from semiconducting polymer diodes (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 1982-1984 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report visible light emission from Shottky diodes made from semiconducting polymers, confirming the discovery by the Cambridge group [Nature 347, 539 (1990)]. Our results demonstrate that light-emitting diodes can be fabricated by casting the polymer film from solution with no subsequent processing or heat treatment required. Electrical characterization reveals diode behavior with rectification ratios greater than 104. We propose that tunneling of electrons from the recitifying metal contact into the gap states of the positive polaron majority carriers dominates current flow and provides the mechanism for light emission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105039
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanosecond transient electroluminescence from polymer light-emitting diodes (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 3092-3094 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transient electroluminescence from polymer light-emitting diodes is reported. When the devices are mounted on a microstrip transmission line, the temporal response is limited by the electrode geometry, with rise and fall times below 50 ns. With low duty-cycle pulses (0.5%) the electroluminescence intensity remains proportional to the current at values up to 10 A/cm2, two orders of magnitude greater than possible under direct current operation. Since the spectral blue-shift observed at high current levels (with power dissipation above 1 W/cm2) indicates significant sample heating, still higher levels should be possible with proper thermal management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107971
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization in excited states of molecules. Application to [Ru(bpy)"3]^2^+
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Coordination Chemistry Reviews 111 (1991), S. 39-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0010-8545
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0010-8545(91)84009-T
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonotype Patterns of Antibodies Released by Single Lymph Nodes (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Experimental primary, secondary and teritiary stimulation with streptococcal vaccine of isolated lymph nodes in vivo in the sheep model induces largely persistence of anti-group polysaccharide antibody clonotype patterns with the rure occurrence of additional clonotypes demonstrable after secondary stimulation persisting during the tertiary stimulus. It is not clear whether these additional clonotypes are the products of mutants or whether they pre-existed and were demonstrable only after a secondary stimulus, because of threshold concentrations required for identification. Further, isolated contralateral popliteal and prescapular lymph nodes of individual sheep share completely overlapping clonotype patterns during experimental primary anti-polysaccharide antibody responses indicating an identical repertoire of specific clonotypes under this condition of responsiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1979.tb03285.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variable-Region Subgroup and Specificity of Cold Agglutinins (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 8 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The variable-region subgroup determined by amino acid sequence analysis of heavy and light chains of two monoclonal cold agglutinins with the new anti-Gd specificity is reported. Both proteins belong to the VHI 11 subgroup of heavy chains; one light chain falls into the VKI subgroup, the other has a blocked N-terminus which so far has not been observed in human kappa chains. The comparison of anti-Gd with anti-l/-i or anti-Pr cold agglutinins indicates that anti-Gd differs from other cold agglutinins with respect to variable-region subgroup. The data extend previous findings on the restriction of certain antibodies to distinct variable-region subgroups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1978.tb00506.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological Memory: Stable IgG Patterns Determine In Vivo Responsiveness at the Clonal Level (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 4 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Immune responsiveness to the streptococcal group polysaccharides at the clonal level can conveniently be monitored by analytical isoelectric focusing combined with autoradiography. The parameters investigated in this paper can be summarized as follows: [1] Within the first week after injection antistreptococcal polysaccharide responses are characterized by IgM antibodies, followed by subclass restriction in Balb/c mice to IgG2a antibodies. [2] The clonal pattern of specific IgG2a antibodies established in the second week after immunization does not change within the following 6 weeks. [3] Persistence of a specific response pattern established within a primary immunization course holds for Balb/c mice and rabbits for as long as 12 to 13 months. [4] Repeated immunization courses in mice and rabbits maintain established clonal antibody patterns in toto. Temporal variations of clonal expression are generally quantitative rather than qualitative. B-cell memory within this system is therefore stable and long-lived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02600.x
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