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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the interface between bone and titanium surfaces being blasted by aluminium oxide or bioceramic particles (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Clinical oral implants research 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0501
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The surface structure, in particular the surface roughness, and the surface chemistry of titanium implants influence their anchoring in bone. The aim of this study was to analyse metal–bone contact (MBC) after modification of the implant surface, using different materials for blasting. The surface modification of titanium was produced by blasting it with particles made of Al2O3 or bioceramics. The biological effects were then investigated experimentally using 27 rabbits, analysed after 7, 28 and 84 days after the implantation of titanium cylinders treated accordingly. The MBC showed a tendency for more bone after bioceramics were used as a blasting material, compared to Al2O3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.00791.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone and of α-dicarbonyl compounds in reaction mixtures of hexoses and pentoses with different amines (1992)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 194 (1992), S. 222-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In reaction mixtures of hexoses with primary amines, heated at pH 5 and 7, distinctly higher amounts of fragmentation products are formed in the upper pH range. To estimate the amount of fragmentation, allα-dicarbonyl compounds which react witho-phenylenediamine to quinoxaline derivatives were recorded. For the first time theα-dicarbonyl intermediates in a pentose amine reaction mixture were determined and the formation of 2,3,4-pentantrione was detected. The 1,4-dideoxyosone was formed from hexoses and pentoses in higher yields in the presence ofα-amino acids, i.e. when Strecker degradation could take place. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone was identified as a new hexose product of Strecker degradation, and its structure established unequivocally by independent synthesis as well as by1H and13C NMR.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In Reaktionsgemischen von Hexosen mit priären Aminen, die bei pH 5 und pH 7 erhitzt wurden, findet man im höheren pH-Bereich wesentlich größere Mengen an Fragmentierungsprodukten. Zur Abschätzung des Fragmentierungsanteils werden alleα-Di-carbonylverbindungen herangezogen, die mito-Pheny-lendiamin im Umsetzungsgemisch zu Chinoxalinen reagieren. Erstmals werden dieα-Dicarbonyl-Zwischenstu-fen in Pentose-Amin-Reaktionsans ätzen untersucht und die Bildung des 2,3,4-Pentantrions nachgewiesen. Interessant ist, daß bei Hexosen und Pentosen das 1,4-Didesoxyoson in wesentlich größeren Mengen entsteht, wenn α-Aminosäuren an der Umsetzung beteiligt sind, d.h. wenn ein Strecker-Abbau stattfinden kann. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanon wird als neues Hexoseprodukt des Strecker-Abbaus identifiziert. Die Absicherung der Struktur erfolgt durch Synthese und NMR-Un-tersuchungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01198411
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-linear flow properties of viscoelastic surfactant solutions (1997)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 36 (1997), S. 13-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Viscoelastic surfactant solution ; non-linear flow ; Giesekus model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper gives a quantitative description of the viscoelastic properties of aqueous solutions of entangled rod-shaped micelles. The experimental data are compared with the theoretical predictions of a special constitutive equation which is based on the concept of deformation-dependent tensorial mobility. In the regime of small deformations, shear stresses or shear rates, the dynamic features of the viscoelastic solutions are characterized by the equations of a simple Maxwell material. These phenomena are linked to the average lifetime of the micellar aggregates and the rheological properties are controlled by kinetic processes. At these conditions one observes simple scaling laws and linear relations between all theological quantities. At elevated values of shear stresses or deformations, however, this simple model fails and non-linear properties as normal stresses, stress overshoots or shear-thinning properties occur. All these phenomena can be described by a constitutive equation which was first proposed by H. Giesekus. The experimental results are in fairly good agreement with the theoretical predictions, and this model holds for a certain, well defined value of the mobility factor α. This parameter describes the anisotropic character of the particle motion. In transient and steady-state flow experiments we always observed α = 0.5. Especially at these conditions, the empirically observed Cox-Merz rule, the Yamamoto relation and both Gleißle mirror relations are automatically derived from the Giesekus model. The phenomena discussed in this paper are of general importance, and can be equally observed in different materials, such as polymers or proteins. The viscoelastic surfactant solutions can, therefore, be used as simple model systems for studies of fundamental principles of flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366720
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactive Maillard intermediates leading to coloured products — 5-hydroxymethyl- and 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3(2H)-furanone (1993)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 197 (1993), S. 413-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In the course of the Maillard reaction, labile sugar degradation products are formed that are susceptible to secondary reactions and therefore have a decisive influence on the product spectrum. Such reactive intermediates may be transformed into stable derivatives with trapping reagents, and thus be protected from further reactions. Secondary processes may also be forestalled if the primary products are removed from the reaction mixture by high-vacuum distillation. By this procedure, 5-hydroxymethyl- and 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3(2H)-furanone have been identified directly from Maillard reaction mixtures for the first time. The activated methylene group of these 3(2H)-furanones can easily enter into condensation reactions. The coloured condensation products in turn react with primary amines to pyrrolinone derivatives, which may also contribute to the colouring observed in non-enzymatic browning.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Verlauf der Maillard-Reaktion kommt es zur Bildung labiler Zuckerabbauprodukte, die leicht Folgereaktionen eingehen und somit entscheidenden Einfluß auf das Produktspektrum haben. Mit Abfangreagentien können solche reaktiven Zwischenstufen in stabile Derivate überführt und so vor weiteren Umsetzungen geschützt werden. Folgereaktionen lassen sich auch unterbinden, wenn man die Primärprodukte im Hochvakuum destillativ aus dem Umsetzungsgemisch entfernt. Auf diese Weise wurden erstmals 5-Hydroxymethyl- und 5-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)-3(2H)-furanon direkt aus Maillard-Reaktionsgemischen nachgewiesen. Diese 3(2H)-Furanone gehen aufgrund ihrer methylenaktiven CH2-Gruppe leicht Kondensationsreaktionen ein. Die farbigen Kondensationsprodukte reagieren wiederum mit primären Aminen zu Pyrrolinonderivaten, die ihrerseits zur Farbbildung beitragen können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202608
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutronenbeugungsuntersuchung der Atomverteilung von Mg17Al12 (1970)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 57 (1970), S. 128-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00600053
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential diagnosis of histogenetically distinct human epithelial renal tumours with a monoclonal antibody against γ-glutamyltransferase (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 33 (1991), S. 382-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Kidney neoplasms ; Monoclonal antibody ; γ-glutamyltransferase ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of membrane-bound γ-glutamyltransferase with monoclonal antibody (mAb) 138H11 proved to be of value for differential diagnosis of renal cancer, since it correlated with the histogenetic profile of human epithelial renal tumours. Immunoreactive γ-glutamyltransferase was located in the proximal tubule in all normal human kidneys (15/15) examined thus far by both ultrastructural and immunohistochemical techniques. From 68 epithelial renal cancers tested, 31/31 clear-cell carcinomas and 15/16 chromophilic carcinomas expressed the target epitope of mAb 138H11. In contrast, 0/11 oncocytomas, 0/9 chromophobic carcinomas, and 0/1 Duct-Bellini carcinoma were immunoreactive. These results support a model of histogenesis and classification of epithelial renal tumours, according to which clear-cell and chromophilic renal carcinomas originate from transformed proximal tubule cells, whereas oncocytomas, chromophilic and Duct-Bellini carcinomas originate from cells of the collecting duct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01741598
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoscintigraphic localization of renal tumours in an extracorporeal perfusion model with a monoclonal antibody against γ-glutamyltransferase (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 35 (1992), S. 283-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma ; Immunoscintigraphy ; Monoclonal antibody ; γ-Glutamyltransferase ; EC 2.3.2.2
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoclonal antibody 138H11 against human γ-glutamyltransferase has been shown to react immunohistochemically with 98% of all tested clear-cell type and chromophilic renal cell carcinomas, but not with renal chromophobic carcinomas, Duct-Bellini carcinomas or oncocytomas. In normal kidney the target epitopes of mAb 138H11 are located in the luminal brush-border membrane of proximal tubule cells, whereas in renal carcinomas the epitopes are found surrounding the whole tumour cells. These results form the basis of the present immunoscintigraphic study designed to evaluate mAb 138H11 in an extracorporeal perfusion model. Immediately after nephrectomy, human tumour-bearing kidneys were perfused with99mTc-labelled mAb 138H11 in Euro-Collins solution. High specific uptake in 4/4 renal clear cell carcinomas could be demonstrated by planar immunoscintigraphy and single-photon-emission computed tomography, “regions of interest” investigation and immunohistochemistry. In contrast, a perfused oncocytoma showed up as an unlabelled lesion. The results indicate a possible use for mAb 138H11 in immunoscintigraphy or even therapy, provided high tumour uptake can be confirmed in patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01789336
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limbal relaxing incisions (LRI) for correcting astigmatism in clear corneal cataract surgery (1999)
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 96 (1999), S. 432-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Key words Reduction of astigmatism • Clear corneal cataract surgery • Limbal relaxing incision ; Schlüsselwörter Astigmatismusreduktion • Korneale Kataraktchirugie • Limbale Entlastungsschnitte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragestellung: Vermeidung einer Astigmatismusinduktion nach nahtfreier kornealer Kataraktchirugie. Patienten und Methoden: Bei 52 Patienten mit sphärischer Hornhaut bzw. Astigmatismus mit der Regel von 0,8 ± 0,3 dpt wurden oben und unten limbale relaxierende Inzisionen (LRI) von 6 bzw. 8 mm Länge und 0,5 mm Tiefe nach temporalem kornealen Starschnitt durchgeführt. Als Kontrolle diente die gleiche Anzahl von Patienten, die mit gleicher Katarakttechnik, jedoch ohne Keratotomien operiert wurden. Ergebnisse: Die refraktive Veränderung in der LRI-Achse bei Anwendung der Berechnungsformel von Holladay (WTW = with-the-wound-change) betrug bei den limbal keratotomierten Patienten mit präoperativ sphärischer Hornhaut nach 6 Monaten –0,08 ± 0,5 dpt, bei der Kontrollgruppe + 0,5 ± 0,7 dpt. Bei den Patienten, die einen präoperativen Astigmatismus mit der Regel aufwiesen, lag die refraktive Veränderung in der LRI-Schnittachse (WTW) 6 Monate postoperativ bei –0,09 ± 0,5 dpt, in der Kontrollgruppe bei + 0,39 ± 0,7 dpt. Schlußfolgerung: Die limbale Keratotomie ist eine zuverlässige und sichere Methode zur Reduktion postoperativer Astigmatismen nach Kataraktchirurgie.
    Notes: Background: To prevent surgically induced astigmatism following clear corneal cataract surgery. Patients and methods: Limbal relaxing incisions of 6 or 8 mm length respectively and 0.5 mm depth were performed in 52 patients with spheric cornea or astigmatism with the rule of 0.8 ± 0.3 dpt after temporal corneal cataract incision. The same amount of patients, operated on with the same surgical procedure except keratotomies, served as control. Results: After 6 months the with-the-wound-change (WTW) in the LRI axis using the Hollady method was –0.08 ± 0.5 dpt in the spheric cases with limbal keratotomy and + 0.5 ± 0.7 dpt in the control cases. The patients with preoperative astigmatism with the rule showed a WTW in the LRI axis of –0.09 ± 0.5 dpt in the keratotomy cases and + 0.39 ± 0.7 dpt in the corresponding control patients. Conclusion: Limbal relaxing incision is a reliable and safe procedure to reduce postoperative astigmatism after cataract surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003470050432
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunization of hu-PBL–SCID mice and the rescue of human monoclonal Fab fragments through combinatorial libraries (1992)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 355 (1992), S. 258-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The degree of functionality of the human cell xenograft in SCID mice, notably the ability to produce a specific immune response, has been controversial and potentially limiting9'10'12'14. Using our refined peripheral blood lymphocyte (PEL) transfer protocol (M.A.D., S.A.E., ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355258a0
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractionated administration of high-dose cyclophosphamide: influence on dose-dependent changes in pharmacokinetics and metabolism (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 43 (1999), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Cyclophosphamide ; High dose ; Pharmacokinetics ; Application schedule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: The alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CP) is a prodrug that is metabolized to both cytotoxic and inactive compounds. We have previously shown that following dose escalation from conventional-dose (CD) to high-dose (HD) levels; the fraction of the dose cleared by bioactivation is significantly decreased (66% versus 48.5%) in favor of inactivating elimination pathways when the HD is given as a single 1-h infusion. Based on the concept of bioactivating enzyme saturation with increasing doses, we investigated the influence of fractionated application of HD-CP on dose-dependent changes in metabolism. Patients and methods: Plasma concentrations of CP (measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC) and urinary concentrations of CP and its major metabolites (quantified by [31P]-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; [31P]-NMR spectroscopy), were determined in four patients with high-risk primary breast cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy including both CD-CP (500 mg/m2 infused over 1 h) and split HD-CP (50 mg/kg infused over 1 h on each of 2 consecutive days (d): d1 and d2. Results: (Data are given as mean values for CD and d1/d2 of HD, respectively). Systemic clearance (CL) of CP was similar during CD and d1 of HD, but significantly increased on d2 of HD (CL: 83 and 78/115 ml/min; P 〈 0.01 for d1 versus d2). The latter was translated into an increase in formation CL of both active (+16.4 ml/min) and inactive metabolites (+17.6 ml/min) and reflects autoinduction of metabolism. As compared with CD-CP, no statistically significant decrease was observed in the relative contribution of bioactivation CL to overall CL during both days of HD (63% versus 57%/53%). Recovery of intact CP in 24-h urine corresponded to 24%, 29%, 22% of the dose (P 〈 0.05 for d1 versus d2 of HD). Conclusions: Following dose escalation of CP, dividing the high dose over 2 days instead of one single infusion may favorably impact the metabolism of CP in terms of bioactivation. In addition, on day 2 of a split regimen, renal elimination of CP is decreased, which implies that more drug is available for metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002800050893
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