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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 7 (1993), S. 346-346 
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Prophylactic antibiotics ; Dental work ; Chronic immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 18 (1999), S. 30-34 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of mupirocin were determined by the E test (AB Biodisk, Sweden) and the agar dilution method for 107 staphylococci. The organisms consisted of 34 coagulase-negative staphylococci and 73 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers designed to amplify a 456 bp region of the plasmid-borne isoleucyl tRNA synthetase gene (ileS–2), responsible for high-level mupirocin resistance in staphylococci, were used on DNA preparations from these isolates. Isolates with high-level mupirocin resistance due to the ileS–2 gene should be PCR positive. There was close correlation between the E test and agar dilution MIC values, with only two strains differing by more than two serial dilutions. Most (51 of 54 strains) of the high-level resistant strains (MIC〉256 μg/ml) were resistant to the highest concentration of mupirocin tested (1024 μg/ml). PCR correctly classified all but four (96%) of the isolates in accordance with the results of agar dilution. All four isolates that gave discrepant results were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Two of these were PCR positive, yet the MIC of mupirocin for these strains was 〈0.06 μg/ml; on prolonged incubation they produced halos within the inhibition zone on agar diffusion testing, suggesting that the phenotypic results may have been erroneous. One of 54 isolates for which the MIC exceeded 256 μg/ml was PCR negative when tested by the original methodology, but a 456 bp product was produced when retested using a lowered annealing temperature. One isolate for which the MIC of mupirocin was 16 μg/ml by agar dilution and 8 μg/ml by the E test was positive by PCR. PCR of the ileS–2 gene is a useful, rapid method for detecting high-level mupirocin resistance in staphylococci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  During a 1-month period in 1996, all inpatients and staff in the Zagreb Trauma Hospital were screened for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in order to control MRSA spread within the hospital. During the study period, 663 patients were admitted to the hospital, and screening prior to discharge revealed that 42 were colonised or infected with MRSA. Twenty-three (55%) of these would not have been detected if active screening had not been performed. Amongst 205 staff members, MRSA carriage was only found in one (0.5%) nurse. The prevalence and incidence of MRSA carriage varied significantly amongst the wards and was related to the length of hospital stay. One-third of the patients colonised or infected with MRSA had a history of previous admission to another hospital, and one-third were transferred to another institution after discharge. Thirty-nine of 42 MRSA isolates shared the same antibiotic sensitivity pattern, suggesting endemic spread of MRSA. However, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA molecular typing revealed four profiles, the most common involving 15 of 36 tested strains. There was no obvious clustering of epidemiological types by ward, except for the appearance of a single type on the burns unit, and it was likely that different strains had been introduced into the hospital by patient transfers from elsewhere. The results of this study indicate that a substantial proportion of MRSA carriers escape infection control measures if active screening is not performed. Based on the results of this study, steps have been taken to improve interhospital communication about the transfer of patients colonised with MRSA. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA typing proved to be a useful aid to epidemiological investigations of MRSA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1981), S. 3427-3436 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal decomposition of monoclinic ammonium paratungstate (APT) and amorphous ammonium metatungstate (AMT) has been studied over the temperature range 20 to 500° C using thermogravimetry, evolved gas analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. A mechanism of decomposition which postulates the formation and subsequent decomposition of various lower ratio tungstates is proposed and substantiated by the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International advances in economic research 1 (1995), S. 71-78 
    ISSN: 1573-966X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Conclusions Accounting professionals and academicians have expressed significant interest and are pursuing a variety of changes in accounting curricula. There is a broad range of opinions regarding the nature of the changes needed in accounting education, which range from dramatic redesign to little or no change. There is a need to develop a framework for accounting education that is consistent but flexible to accommodate the majority of the accounting educational needs. The "building blocks" of accounting education presented in this paper provide educators with a basic pedagogical framework for an appropriate learning process. The framework of accounting education specifically focuses on the accounting component of the educational process and identifies the nature of courses and appropriate teaching strategies based upon their goals and objectives. Most educators recognize that only "one" accounting curriculum is insufficient to meet the needs of a variety of constituents. Therefore, it is essential to adopt an appropriate general framework for coursework is adopted to address the development of many diverse accounting programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 1291-1300 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The hydrogen reduction of two non-stoichiometric samples of cobalt tungstate (one cobalt-rich, the other heavily tungsten-rich) has been studied over the temperature range 600 to 1100° C using thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The products are shown to be non-equilibrium at most reduction temperatures. In order to explain the experimentally observed X-ray diffraction data it is postulated that the reduction process occurs via the formation of an amorphous phase which contains cobalt, tungsten and oxygen. The amorphous phase becomes unstable at low oxygen potentials and precipitates either, or both, Co3W and Co7W6 depending upon the degree of cobalt enrichment of the amorphous phase. These are the only two cobalt-containing crystalline phases in the products of reduction and are not detected before at least 53% reduction has occurred. During the early stages of reduction either tungsten (for near stoichiometric, cobalt-rich oxide) or WO2 (for tungsten-rich oxide-CoWO4 plus WO3) are the only crystalline products of reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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