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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 3624-3630 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser photodissociation of IBr is used to observe the deactivation of spin–orbit excited Br(4 2P1/2) (Br*) by ground state atomic I(5 2P3/2). The measured quenching rate constant is kI=1.9±0.2×10−11 cm3/s. A total Br* quenching rate due to both ground state Br(4 2P3/2) and self-quenching by Br* is observed following photodissociation of Br2. The effective rate constant is more than 20 times smaller than kI. The results are compared with Landau, Zener, Stueckelberg (LZS) calculations and other experiments. The consequence of the fast I atom quenching on photodissociation-pumped Br* lasers is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 3537-3545 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pulse characteristics of a photolytic, gain-switched iodine laser are a sensitive measure for relaxation processes that occur in the active medium. On a time scale shorter than a few microseconds this concerns the relaxation of the speed and the angular parts of the anisotropic velocity distribution which is produced by the photodissociation of the parent molecule CF3I. A comprehensive rate equation model of the laser dynamics is fit to experimental data, to obtain time constants for these collision-controlled relaxation processes for various buffer gases and pressures. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 6093-6097 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Iodine monofluoride, a promising visible chemical laser candidate, has been chemically produced at number densities exceeding 1×1015 molecules/cm3 in a supersonic flow. Combustion of nitric oxide and molecular fluorine produced atomic fluorine at an efficiency of 20%–30%, independent of flow conditions. The subsequent transonic reaction of atomic fluorine with molecular iodine to produce a stable flow of IF(X1Σ+) was mixing limited and complete within 10 μs. The low-pressure (3 Torr), low-temperature (300 K) flow environment should be suitable for lasing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 464-466 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamics of gain-switched, low-pressure photolytic iodine lasers were investigated experimentally and theoretically as a function of pressure and buffer gas. The behavior of the pulse shape, build-up, and duration can be explained by relaxation from a nonthermalized to a thermalized velocity distribution of the gas. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 14 (1968), S. 72-80 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Klärung der selektiven Darstellbarkeit von Noradrenalin nach Fixierung mit Glutardialdehyd wurden Modellversuche durchgeführt. Die Beständigkeit der geprüften Reaktionsprodukte auch im sauren Milieu spricht gegen das Vorliegen einer Schiff schen Base, wohl aber zusammen mit dem negativen Ausfall der Ninhydrinreaktion für einen — bei Dicarbonylverbindungen ohnehin typischen — Ringschluß des Glutardialdehyd an der primären Aminogruppe von Noradrenalin oder Hydroxytyramin. Die phenolischen OH-Gruppen nehmen an der Reaktion nicht direkt teil. Das Amin-Dialdehyd-Umsetzungsprodukt ist in wäßrigen Lösungen schwerer löslich als das Amin selbst und verbleibt im Gewebe. Da allerdings auch nach Alkoholextraktion von Nebennieren noch Noradrenalin nachweisbar ist, muß zumindest eine teilweise Verankerung an Gewebsbestandteile vorliegen. Durch verschiedene Puffer mit physiologischem pH werden die Vesikelmembranen der Catecholamingranula zunächst nicht geschädigt, sondern offenbar erst unter Aldehydeinfluß für Amine passierbar. Tritt eine Reaktion mit Dialdehyd ein, so verbleibt die resultierende Verbindung im Gewebe, sonst kommt es zur Ausschwemmung noch während der Einwirkung der wäßrigen Aldehydlösung.
    Notes: Summary Model experiments were carried out to understand the selective demonstrability of noradrenaline in consequence of fixation with glutaraldehyde. The obvious stability of the reaction products tested even at low pH is in contradiction to the assumption that Schiff bases are formed. Rather together with a negative ninhydrine reaction this strongly suggests a cycle reaction of glutaraldehyde at the primary amino group of noradrenaline or hydroxytyramine. This cycle reaction is a type, typical of dicarbonyl compounds anyhow. The phenolic OH-groups of the amines are not involved directly. As the compound formed by primary amine and dialdehyde is less soluble in aquous media than the amines, it will remain in the tissue. Even after extracting suprarenal glands with aethanol, however, there still is a positive chromatereaction with noradrenaline. Therefore there must be a linkage of the noradrenaline at least in parts to tissue structures. Various buffer solutions at physiologic pH do not alter the membrane of amine granules. Rather destruction of membranes is obviously caused by aldehydes, thereby increasing their permeability for amines. If there is a reaction of amine with the dialdehyde the compound thus formed will remain in the tissue, if not the amine will be washed out from it, even before fixation with the aquous solution of an aldehyde has come to an end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 17 (1969), S. 312-318 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß einiger Aldehyde und Carnoyscher Flüssigkeit auf das Eindringvermögen von Lösungen verschiedener Eisenverbindungen wurde untersucht. Bei allen Fixationsmedien und Eisenlösungen reagieren nur die Randpartien der Gewebeproben. Offensichtlich werden Gewebekomponenten durch Reaktion mit dem Eisen für dieses impermeabel.
    Notes: Summary The effect of some aldehydes and of Carnoy's fluid on the penetration of solutions of different iron compounds has been investigated. Independent of the fixation medium and the iron compound used only the peripheral zone of tissue samples do react. This seems to be due to the reaction of iron with tissue components making them impermeable to iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 14 (1968), S. 297-299 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cr could be demonstrated in reaction products of adrenaline and noradrenaline with K2Cr2O7 by spot test analysis. The strong contrast of amine granules in the electron microscope partly may be due to the presence of Cr within them. When KJO3 is used for oxydizing amines, only a slight contrast of granules can be observed in the electron microscope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 339-342 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55Ks ; 42.60-v ; 42.65Ky
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The output of a chemical oxygen iodine laser (λ=1.315 μm) has been frequency doubled at an overall conversion efficiency of ≃1%. A lithium iodate (LiIO3) crystal was used in an intracavity doubling scheme. This represents the first time visible laser light has been obtained, solely from a chemical source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 357-364 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Zeeman effect has been utilized in a switching technique of an atomic iodine laser. Magnetic fields up to a kilogauss have been applied to atomic iodine, prepared by thermally dissociating molecular iodine, that was situated inside the laser cavity. The absorption of the 1.315 μm light by atomic iodine was reduced by approximately 90% when the field was applied. This effect is used here to demonstrate a gas phase, self-healing Q-switch for a small (1 mW) cw photolytic iodine laser. Enhancement ratios of pulse power over cw power on the order of 55 to 1 were achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 158 (1957), S. 598-604 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Nach einem vonComberg angegebenen Verfahren, Komplexverfahren, wurden 300 augengesunde Versuchspersonen verschiedenen Alters ohne stärkere körperliche Gebrechen untersucht. Dadurch wurde experimentell der statistisch gesicherte Nachweis der Abnahme der Umblickleistung beim physiologischen Altern erbracht. Als Ursache dieser Leistungsminderung wird die durch Altersveränderungen bedingte Abnahme der “körperlichen und geistigen Wendigkeit” angesehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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