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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 157-162 (May 1994), p. 1211-1218 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 101-102 (Jan. 2005), p. 279-286 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 539-543 (Mar. 2007), p. 5013-5018 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Copper sheet samples composed of nanometer scale lamellar twins was produced byelectrodeposition. The coherent lamellar twin boundaries were within 20˚ of being parallel to thesheet plane in more than 60% of the grains. The electrodeposited sample was cold rolled to 30 and85% reductions in thickness and the structural evolution during cold rolling was examined bytransmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM). Extensive activity ofpartial dislocations along twin boundaries and of perfect dislocations within twins (in particular incoarse twins 〉100nm) were identified. Moreover, it was found that shear banding occurred, whichlocally destroyed the lamellar twin structure. A dislocation structure developed within the shearbands, and such a structure evolved with strain and gradually replaced the lamellar twin structure.After 85% deformation, a large volume fraction of the lamellar twin structure was replaced by alamellar dislocation structure characteristic of high strain rolling where the lamellar dislocationboundaries are almost parallel to the rolling plane. It was also found that the structural scales arecoarser in the lamellar dislocation structure than in the initial lamellar twin structure
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 149-152 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of crystal orientation on the recovery and recrystallization of cold-rolled Ni(99.96% purity) has been investigated. Particular attention was paid to the annealing response ofregions with either the Copper (C), Brass (B) or S rolling texture orientations. Samples with aninitial average grain size of approx. 500μm were deformed to strains of up to εvM = 4.5. As a resultof the large initial grain size, even after high rolling reductions it is possible to find sufficiently largeregions of material with similar crystal orientation to analyze the recovery and recrystallizationbehaviour as a function of crystal orientation. Microstructural investigations were carried out in thescanning electron microscope using both electron channeling contrast and electron backscatterdiffraction orientation mapping. Both the S and C orientation regions exhibit a heterogeneousmicrostructure containing bands of localized deformation. The presence of volumes surrounded byhigh angle boundaries in these regions strongly influences both the recovery and recrystallizationbehaviour of the material. Twinning was observed also to play an important role in the generation ofrecrystallized grains, with twin chains of up to 3 generations being observed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 550 (July 2007), p. 169-180 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Deformation of metals from medium to high strain significantly affect the deformationstructure as well as the recovery and recrystallization behaviour when deformed samples areannealed. This behaviour is illustrated for FCC metals of medium to high stacking fault energy, withemphasis on the behaviour of aluminium and aluminium alloys deformed by cold rolling to largestrain. The analysis encompasses hardness testing, EBSD and TEM. The deformationmicrostructure is a lamellar structure of dislocation boundaries and high angle boundaries where thepercentages of the latter increases to about 60-80% at large strain. The macrotexture is a typicalrolling texture, which is composed of individual texture components present as micrometre andsubmicrometre size volumes. In the lamellar structure correlations have been established betweenmicrostructural parameters and local orientations showing for example variations in stored energybetween the texture components and large variations in the spatial distributions of the high anglelamellar boundaries. Such local variations can affect the structural coarsening during recovery atlow temperature leading to significant structural difference on a local scale. The local variations inthe deformed structure can also significantly affect the structural changes taking place locally duringhigh temperature annealing thereby affecting the evolution of the structure and texture on amacroscopic scale
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 201-206 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The isochronal annealing behavior of nanostructured commercial purity aluminium(AA1100 and AA1200) following either cold – rolling or accumulative roll bonding up to an ultrahigh strain of εvM = 6.2 (99.5% reduction in thickness) has been studied via hardness testing and bya microstructural investigation. A large effect of rolling strain is observed on the recovery attemperatures below approx. 200 °C. At higher temperatures an assessment of the changes inhardness and microstructure leads to a characterization of the annealing process as one ofconventional (discontinuous) recrystallization
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 417-421 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The strength of a deformed metal depends on the content of high angle boundaries, lowangle dislocation boundaries and the dislocations between the boundaries. High angle boundariescontribute by Hall-Petch strengthening, whereas for the low angle dislocation boundaries anddislocations between boundaries the strengthening is proportional to the square root of the dislocationdensity. Based on an assumption of additivity of these contributions, the flow stresses of metalsdeformed by cold rolling have been calculated successfully. In the present investigation pure Ni(99.9%) has been deformed by high pressure torsion (HPT) to von Mises strains of 0.9, 1.7, 8.7 and 12.The strength of the HPT Ni has been determined by Vickers microhardness (HV) measurements andthe microstructural parameters have been determined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) inthe longitudinal section. HPT has been compared with deformation by cold rolling and torsion basedon the structural evolution with strain and the stress-structure relationship. Based on an assumption ofa linear additivity of boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening, good agreement has beenfound between the calculated and the experimental flow stress
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 512 (Apr. 2006), p. 91-96 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: High purity aluminum (99.99% purity) was severely deformed by accumulativeroll-bonding (ARB) to a thickness reduction of 98.4%. Quantitative microstructural characterization of the deformed sample was carried out by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). EBSD scans at various locations from the sample surface to the mid-thickness revealed a fairly uniform and equiaxed structure, although a small fraction of an elongated structure parallel to rolling direction (RD) was also observed. Misorientation angledistributions for grain boundaries of which misorientation angle was larger than 2° were evaluated by EBSD, showing that more than 70% of the boundaries were high-angle ones (〉15°). More detailed structural features, such as low-angle boundaries (〈2°) and dislocations between boundaries were characterized by TEM. The TEM results indicated that about 17% of the boundaries havemisorientations 〈2° and that the fraction of high-angle boundaries is about 52%. An estimated yield strength based on the structural parameters determined by TEM was in good agreement with the measured value
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 519-521 (July 2006), p. 79-84 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: TEM, Kikuchi diffraction analyses, EBSD, neutron diffraction and hardnessmeasurements have been applied in a study of commercial purity aluminum (AA1200) cold rolledto strains 2 and 4 and afterwards recovered by a heat treatment for 2h at temperatures up to 220 °C.The deformation microstructure is a lamellar structure delineated by dislocation boundaries andhigh angle boundaries ( ) parallel to the rolling plane. The macrotexture is a typical rollingtexture which is composed of individual texture components present as micrometer- andsubmicrometre-sized volumes. In the lamellar structure, correlations have been established betweenmicrostructural parameters and the local texture, showing for example that the density of high angleboundaries and the stored energy vary locally. The local variations affect the annealing behaviors ina way that some regions coarsen faster than others, leading to a recovered structure which isheterogeneous
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 579 (Apr. 2008), p. 135-146 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Deformation structures produced by high pressure torsion (HPT) and accumulativeroll-bonding (ARB) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatterdiffraction, and the mechanical properties of the ARB samples were determined by uniaxial tensiletesting. The structural evolution during HPT in high purity nickel has been examined and an extendedlamellar boundary structure was observed at high strains. For ARB samples deformed to high strains,an almost similar structural morphology has been observed in both interstitial free steel and incommercial purity aluminum, whereas a relatively equiaxed structural morphology was observed inhigh purity aluminum samples. In all samples, both deformed by HPT and ARB, the deformationstructures were composed of a large fraction of high-angle boundaries, together with low-angleboundaries and isolated dislocations between the boundaries. Common characteristics have beenidentified in the mechanical behavior of the ARB samples, namely a very high strength, a smalluniform elongation and a relatively large post-uniform elongation after necking. For HPT and ARBthe structural morphology and structural parameters are compared, and for the ARB samplesstructure-property relationships are also discussed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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