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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The compressibility of FeO measured by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil squeezer up to 200 kbar (1980)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 6 (1980), S. 157-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The compressibility of Fe0.941O has been measured by energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction methods in a diamond anvil squeezer up to 200 kbar. The data points can be described by the Murnaghan equation with K 0=1,540±50 kbar and K'=4. An analysis of previous investigations, X-ray diffraction and ultrasonic measurements yields for the general composition Fe1−xO a regression line K 0=5,438(1−x)−3,595 kbar for all known measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311052
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twin structure in coesite studied by high resolution electron microscopy (1986)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 13 (1986), S. 206-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A synthetic crystal of coesite, SiO2, has been found to contain microtwins. The (100) reflection twin has been made evident on incoherent (010) planes. The twin structure is directly imaged by high resolution electron microscopy at 2,5 Å resolution, allowing an atomic model to be proposed. This twin could be incoherent on large surfaces and the dislocation density is predicted. The X-ray crystallographic data are analyzed critically in view of the presence of such defects in single crystals. The mutual orientation between a silicon matrix and coesite precipitates in Czochralski-silicon annealed specimens is proposed to be non unique as a consequence of the easy twinning of coesite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00308163
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity measurements on olivines Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4 under defined thermodynamic conditions (1980)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 6 (1980), S. 95-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The isobaric (P=10 kb) temperature dependence of the electrical conductivities of forsterite, fayalite and forsterite-fayalite mixed crystals was measured with special regard to the thermodynamics of point defects in these minerals. Measurements, taken at increasing and decreasing temperature, were performed on synthetic powders of the following compositions: Fo 100/Fa 0, Fo 90/Fa 10, Fo 80/Fa 20, Fo 60/Fa 40, and Fo 0/Fa100. Control of oxygen partial pressure was achieved with solid state buffers (Fa/Q/M, Fa/Q/I, and Fe/FeO). Activities of the binary components were controlled by equilibrating the sample with its neighbouring phases. All values for σ, obtained with controlled pO2 and fixed activities of the binary components, agree well upon either heating or cooling. From the gradient of lg σ vs. 1/T plots, the following activation energies were estimated: 2,461 eV (970°–1075°C) and 0.984 eV (522°–970°C) for Fo 100/Fa 0 equilibrated with MgO; 0.777 eV and 0.683 eV for Fo 90/Fa 10 and Fo 80/Fa 20 equilibrated with enstatite and pO2 controlled by Fe/FeO buffer; 0.622 eV, 0.528 eV, and 0.479 eV for Fo 90/Fa 10, Fo 80/Fa 20, and Fo 60/Fa 40 equilibrated with enstatite and pO2 controlled by Fa/Q/M buffer; and 0.524 eV and 0.383 eV for Fo 0/Fa 100 equilibrated with Q/I and Q/M respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311048
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity measurements on olivines and pyroxenes under defined thermodynamic activities as a function of temperature and pressure (1979)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 4 (1979), S. 189-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electrical conductivities of Ni2SiO4, Fe2SiO4, and MgSiO3 were measured on synthetic powders in the temperature range 340° to 1,100° C and at pressures up to 20 kbars. For ternary compounds such as olivines and pyroxenes the control of two further variables, like the chemical activities of two components are needed, besides temperature and pressure. The activities of the corresponding binary oxides were controlled by equilibrating the samples with their neighbour-phases. Control of the oxygen partial pressure was achieved by buffer techniques. From the slopes of the lg σ vs. 1/T lines the activation energies were calculated for 10 kbar: 0.56 eV and 2.7 eV for Ni2SiO4 in equilibrium with SiO2 and Ni/NiO-buffer for the temperature range 500°–800°C and 800°–1,000°C resp. 0.52 eV for Fe2SiO4 in equilibrium with SiO2 and metallic iron, and 0.38 eV in equilibrium with SiO2 and magnetite; 1.11 eV for MgSiO3 in equilibrium with SiO2, and 1.25 eV in equilibrium with Mg2SiO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307562
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auflichtmikroskopische und röntgenographische Untersuchungen an Cu2S, Cu2Se und Cu2Te bei Drucken bis 80 kbar (1969)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 56 (1969), S. 136-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00601031
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktionen und Phasentransformationen von Silber-Sulfosalzen unter Druck (1970)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 57 (1970), S. 190-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00592971
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory electrical conductivity measurements on mantle relevant minerals (1982)
    Springer
    Surveys in geophysics 4 (1982), S. 337-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0956
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of environmental conditions and the thermodynamic parameters which may determine the bulk electrical conductivity of, for instance, basaltic rocks are briefly discussed. At present it is not known to what extent these numerous variables determine the electrical conductivity of rocks quantitatively, since all too many laboratory measurements did not account for the required number of variables to define the system. Thus it is difficult to decide whether or not laboratory measurements on rocks have duplicated their in-situ electrical conductivity. One approach is to calculate the bulk conductivity of rocks from conductivities of constituent minerals, since it is much easier to define the thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for a single phase system. Therefore, laboratory data of the electrical conductivity of minerals, i.e. olivines and pyroxenes, are discussed to some extent particularly in the context of point-defect concentrations as a function of pO2 and the chemical activitiesa ι of the binary components of the minerals. The evaluation of a quantitative relationship requires a careful sample characterization. To find a basis for a reasonable interpretation of in-situ resistivity data, the test samples should be selected in regard to those conditions which are believed to exist in the appropriate layer of the earth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01449105
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