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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diisopropyl ether one-step generation from acetone-rich feedstocks (2000)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 68 (2000), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: diisopropyl ether ; acetone ; etherification ; hydrogenation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A one-step integrated process for the generation of the high-octane fuel ether, diisopropyl ether (DIPE), from acetone-rich feedstocks has been demonstrated. Three continuous, downflow, reactor configurations have been considered, including a two-bed catalyst design separated by inerts, gradient multicatalyst combinations, and an integrated two-zone layout with differing catalyst compositions. The bifunctional catalysts have both hydrogenation and etherification/dehydration capabilities and may comprise groups IB, VIB, and VIII metals incorporated into acidic, large and medium-pore zeolites, groups III or IV metal oxides, as well as heteropoly acid structures. DIPE syntheses are typically conducted at 100–165°C, under hydrogen pressure. The gradient reactor design, with careful choice of hydrogenation and etherification catalysts, allows DIPE to be generated in high selectivity and productivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019023201520
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diisopropyl ether syntheses from crude acetone (1999)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 57 (1999), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: diisopropyl ether ; Beta-zeolite ; acetone ; isopropanol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Diisopropyl ether (DIPE) may be generated via a novel, two-step process from crude, by-product, acetone streams through initial acetone hydrogenation over a bulk-metal, nickel-rich catalyst to give isopropanol (IPA), followed by dehydration of said IPA intermediate in the presence of an acidic, large-pore zeolite catalyst. Three classes of acidic zeolite have proven effective for selective DIPE production, including Beta-zeolite, β-zeolites modified with certain transition metals, and dealuminized Y-zeolites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019068204110
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid-state NMR and FT-IR investigation of 12-tungstophosphoric acid on TiO2 (1998)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 51 (1998), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: 12-tungstophosphoric acid ; titania ; 31P and 1H MAS-NMR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The chemical and dynamic nature of the tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) species adsorbed on pressed, extruded, and powdered TiO2 support was studied by 31P and 1H solid-state NMR spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance FT-IR. From 31P NMR and FT-IR results the TPA appeared to be present in at least five forms on the titania surface: a bulk salt phase, two weakly bound intact Keggin species, a range of partially fragmented clusters such as the 11-“defect” Keggin ion, and a range of species formed by high or complete fragmentation of the Keggin ion. The relative amount of these species varied depending on the form of the support. Adsorption was incomplete on extruded titania resulting in bulk salt formation. There was almost complete adsorption on pressed titania pellets, yielding predominantly fragmented Keggin units, along with a small amount of bulk salt. However, complete adsorption (and fragmentation) without bulk salt formation was attained by impregnation of powdered TiO2. The acidic nature of the catalysts and the degree of TPA dispersion were investigated by solid-state 1H high-speed MAS-NMR. Pure TPA salt yielded resonances at about 6.5 ppm. The catalysts yielded acidic proton resonances at about 7–8 and 10–11.5 ppm. The broad resonance observed at 7–8 ppm is due to a dispersion of acidic sites on the surface. The intensity of the acidic resonance at around 11 ppm increased with adsorption effectiveness and could, therefore, be related to the formation of hydroxonium ions upon fragmentation of adsorbed Keggin ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019045319788
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olefin oligomerization via zeolite catalysis (1994)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 28 (1994), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: olefin oligomerization ; large pore zeolites ; synthetic lubricants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Oligomerization of terminal and internal long-chain, linear olefins has been successfully demonstrated using large pore zeolites with high silica-to-alumina ratios as catalysts. Both reactant and product selectivities have been demonstrated using 12-membered ring zeolites for the oligomerization of C12–C18 olefins. The catalytic activity of these zeolites decreases in the order faujasite 〉 mordenite 〉 pentasil; the activity of the Y-zeolites depends primarily upon the silica-to-alumina molar ratio, but not on the total acidity. 1-tetradecene oligomerization, followed by oligomer hydrogenation, yields synthetic lubricant base stocks with excellent physical characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00806051
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syngas reactions XIIFor Paper XI, see J. Mol. Catal., 1987, 43: 65.. The selective preparation of acetaldehyde, alkanols, esters and acetic acid from synthesis gas (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 557-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: aliphatic organic oxygenates ; synthesis gas ; syngas ; catalysis ; ruthenium ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several classes of commercially important oxygenates, including acetaldehyde, ethanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and acetic acid as well as C1-C3 alcohol/acetate ester mixtures, may each be selectivelygenerated from synthesis gas through the application of novel classes of ruthenium-containing bimetallic catalysts particularly those of ruthenium and cobalt (Ru—Co). A particular feature of these versatile catalysts is that all precursors are iodidefree. Products are formed through a combination of carbon monoxide hydrogenation, methanol homologation, methyl acetate homologation and methanol carbonylation reaction sequences.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590030613
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