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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 5 (1926), S. 2163-2164 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 778-780 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Haemoconcentration ; Haemodilution ; Pressure-flow relationship ; Pulmonary circulation ; Pulmonary vascular flow resistance ; Pulmonary vascular hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Pulmonary vascular flow resistance depends on blood viscosity, mainly due to haematocrit, and on vessel dimensions determining blood volume in this highly compliant vascular bed. We, therefore, evaluated the interaction between haematocrit, blood flow, and transpulmonary vascular pressure gradient under conditions of controlled pulmonary blood volume. Design: Experimental study in isolated zone-III rabbit lungs perfused with autologous blood. Setting: Laboratory for experimental studies. Interventions: Stepwise and independent variation of flow (50, 100, and 200 ml/min), pulmonary blood volume (increments of 2.5 ml and 5 ml imposed by changes of left atrial pressure), and haematocrit (0–50 %) varied by haemodilution (Krebs-Henseleit/albumin) or haemoconcentration (centrifugation). Measurements: Pulmonary arterial, left atrial, and airway pressures as well as reservoir volume (reflecting reciprocal changes of lung blood volume) and lung weight. Results: Haemodilution from the normal haematocrit (32 %) to 10 % at constant pulmonary blood volume and flow decreased flow resistance only slightly, whereas haemoconcentration (50 %) increased flow resistance up to 130 %. At the same time increments of in pulmonary blood volume of 2.5 and 5 ml (approx. 15 and 30 % of normal pulmonary blood volume) at constant haematocrit significantly shifted downwards pressure-flow relationships for all investigated haematocrits (0–50 %). Conclusions: Because of the multiple interrelationships between haematocrit, blood flow and pulmonary blood volume, haematocrit effects on pulmonary flow resistance and pressure-flow relationships in the pulmonary vasculature should be studied at controlled blood volume. While haemodilution only has minor effects, haemoconcentration changes pressure-flow relationships markedly. Pulmonary blood volume has a major impact on slope and position of pressure-flow relationships for all haematocrits investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Antithrombin III ; Coagulation ; Disseminated intravascular coagulation ; Disseminated intravascular coagulation ; Liver failure ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Since antithrombin III (AT III) substitution to normal activities could not be shown to have major beneficial effects in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease in a variety of clinical settings, we tested the hypothesis that substitution to supranormal activities decreases systemic procoagulant turnover better in this patient group. Design: Controlled prospective clinical study. Setting: Operating rooms at a University Hospital. Patients: Twenty-four patients with histologically verified liver cirrhosis consecutively scheduled for liver transplantation. Interventions: Nineteen patients were given an antithrombin III concentrate to achieve either 100 % (n = 10) or 175 % (n = 9) AT III activity. Control patients (n = 5) received saline 0.9 % instead. Measurements and results: Molecular markers of coagulation activation, platelet count and aggregability, and global coagulation variables were measured prior to AT III infusion and 60 min thereafter. In both AT III-treated groups thrombin-antithrombin III-complex increased significantly (p 〈 0.005), whereas prothrombin fragment F1 + 2, soluble fibrin and D-dimer concentrations, as well as other variables, did not show major changes. Conclusions: Despite thrombin inhibition by AT III in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease, systemic procoagulant turnover was not significantly decreased 60 min after AT III application even to supranormal activities. Replenishment of the inhibitory antithrombin III pool, decreased in chronic liver disease, should not be expected to slow down the baseline consumptive component of the haemostatic disorder in this patient group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Hemofiltration ; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome ; Tumor necrosis factor α ; Interleukin-6 ; Clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that continuous hemofiltration increases interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) clearances and results in decreased cytokine plasma concentrations independent of renal function in patients with early SIRS. Design: Prospective, controlled, randomized study. Setting: Intensive care units at a university hospital. Patients: 28 consecutive patients who fulfilled the criteria of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Interventions: Patients with SIRS were randomly assigned to either a hemofiltration or a control group irrespective of renal function. In patients of the hemofiltration group an isovolemic hemofiltration was initiated directly after the diagnosis of SIRS and maintained for at least 48 h. Measurements and results: A significant (p 〈 0.001) increase in total IL-6 clearance (hemofiltrate + urine), but not in TNFα clearance, was observed with hemofiltration. However, the plasma concentrations of both cytokines remained unchanged. Hemodynamic variables did not change significantly. Conclusions: Continuous hemofiltration increases IL-6 plasma clearance but not TNFα clearance. However, hemofiltration failed to decrease plasma concentrations of TNFα and IL-6 and, therefore, cannot be used effectively for cytokine elimination in SIRS. Accordingly, beneficial effects occasionally reported with hemofiltration are unlikely to be expected due to elimination of IL-6 or TNFα.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 500-501 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine the role of tracheal colonization at birth with Ureaplasma urealyticum and other pathogenic bacteria with regard to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 97 premature infants with very low birth weight (〈1500 g) were followed prospectively over 30 days in a multicentre study. Of those infants, 35 were colonized with Ureaplasma urealyticum (group Ia), 22 with other pathogenic bacteria (group Ib) and 40 infants with sterile tracheal aspirates served as controls (group II). Colonization with Ureaplasma urealyticum or with pathogenic bacteria independently increased the risk of developing BPD as compared to the controls (OR 2.55; 95% CI [1.11, 5.87]). Among Ureaplasma urealyticum and bacterial colonized infants, duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen requirement were significantly longer than among controls (P 〈 0.05); during the interval of 11 to 35 days of life, every additional day of ventilation significantly increased the risk of BPD (OR 1.22; CI [1.12, 1.32]). The rate of oxygen supplementation, which was similar in both groups during the first 2 weeks of life, was significantly higher among the colonized infants at day 21 (0.38 ± 0.18 and 0.39 ± 0.16 vs 0.31 ± 0.13, P 〈 0.05) and at day 28 (0.38 ± 0.21 and 0.34 ± 0.15 vs 0.28 ± 0.12, P 〈 0.05). For infants still ventilated at age of 28 days, Ureaplasma urealyticum and bacterial colonization were associated with a significant higher risk for BPD than for uncolonized controls (OR 5.53; [1.27, 24.02]. Association of Ureaplasma urealyticum and of bacterial colonization and BPD was not weakened after adjustments were made in a multivariate analysis for other significant risk factors. Conclusion Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization is as an important risk factor in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as bacterial colonization even after treatment with surfactant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 9 (1982), S. 125-130 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Lymphocyte stimulation ; Intercellular communication ; Lymphokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract T-lymphocyte stimulation is strictly dependent on cell cooperation. Cell contact dependent cell cooperation has been described as well as cooperation by soluble mediators, the lymphokines. We here present a unifying hypothesis proposing that both types of cell cooperation are performed by the same mediators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 9 (1973), S. 301-304 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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