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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with Grass Pollen Major Allergens (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 37 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Preseasonal hyposensitization stimulated an intercorrelated increase in both serum-specific IgE and allergen-specific IgG. Subsequent perennial treatment depressed the stimulated IgE response and the basophil cell sensitivity, whereas the allergen-specific IgE response showed further increase and persisted at a high level. Nasal IgE response was stimulated from the second pollen season and subsequently became depressed. One year after the end of hyposensitization the allergen-specific IgE response had fallen by 25–50%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1982.tb02332.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Only few workers exposed to wood dust are detected with specific IgE against pine wood (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Our aim was to investigate the frequency of pine allergy in woodworkers with respiratory symptoms and to identify high molecular weight allergens in pine wood extracts.Methods:  In a cross-sectional study we examined work-related respiratory symptoms in 2033 furniture workers and 474 controls by questionnaires. Clinical examination was performed in 365 wood dust exposed and 116 nonexposed subjects. Blood samples were collected for measuring pine-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E by an immunoassay and Western blots.Results:  Eleven exposed and three nonexposed subjects had pine-specific IgE. In the group with clinically defined asthma eight persons (5.4%) had pine-specific IgE compared with six persons (1.8%) in the group without asthma (P 〈 0.05). In the groups with and without respiratory symptoms, 13 (3.8%) and one (0.7%) subject, respectively, had pine-specific IgE (P = 0.06). Western blots demonstrated pine-specific IgE to components in the molecular range of 14 – 100 kD in eight samples (all wood dust exposed). Five samples had pine-specific IgE against components in a 43 – 59 kD zone and against two bands at 27 and 29 kD that are candidates for major allergens.Conclusion:  Some workers in the Danish furniture industry are specific IgE sensitized against pine wood dust. Pine-specific IgE probably explains a minor part of the respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to pine wood dust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.00127.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microtiter assay for activation of eosinophils (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple microtiter assay for eosinophil activation is described. The assay used 1000–4000 eosinophils/microtiter well, and the design allows for a separate or simultaneous quantitative assessment of eosinophil adhension to protein-coated microtiter wells and degranulation after stimulation with eosinophil-activating factors. The number of adherent eosinophils is quantified indirectly by expressing the amount of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) extracted from the adherent fraction of cells in percentage of the total amount of ECP extracted from the adherent fraction of cells in percentage of the total amount of ECP extracted from the cells added to the wells. Degranulation is quantified in the same way by expressing the amount of ECP or eosinophil protein X (EPX) released to the supernatant in percentage of the total amount of ECP or EPX. Known eosinophil-activating agents such as PMA, interleukin (IL)-3, IL-5, GM-CSF, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) all induced a time- and does-dependent adhension to albumin-coated wells, whereas L_PAF did not. KInetic experiments showed that most adhesion occurred within the first 15–30 min, reaching a plateau around 60 min. After prolonged incubation, a decline in adhesion was detected. GM-CSF-induced adhesion was completely inhibited by incubation with monoclonal antibodies directed against the common β2-chain (CD18) of the LFA-1, Mac-1, p150,95 complexes. Monoclonal antibodies against CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, VLA-4 ALFA, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, Sialyl-Lem, ELAM-1, and LECAM had no inhibitory effect. Simultaneous monitoring of adhesion and degranulation after stimulation of eosinophils in albumincoated wells with either PMA or GM-CSF showed that adhesion always preceded degranulation. Replacing the albumin coating of the microtiter wells with IgG or secretory IgA augmented both the spontaneous and the PMA- or GM-CSF-stimulated responses. In conclusion, the assay allows dynamic evaluation of eosinophil activationa dn can be used to assess soluble eosinophil-activating factors as well as to study eosinophil activation by solidphase-bound proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03860.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of basophil histamine release against the autologous serum skin test and outcome of serum-induced basophil histamine release studies in a large population of chronic urticaria patients (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Endogenous histamine-releasing factors (HRFs) are involved in 30–60% of patients with chronic urticaria (CU). Evidence for their existence comes from in vivo studies of autoreactivity with the autologous serum skin test (ASST), in vitro immunoassays demonstrating autoantibodies against the immunoglobulin E (IgE) or the high affinity IgE receptor (FcɛRI) and serum-induced histamine release (HR) from basophils and mast cells. We have examined the correlation between the ASST and a new basophil histamine-releasing assay (the HR-Urtikaria test) in a group of well-characterized CU patients and subsequently determined the frequency of HR-Urticaria-positive sera from a larger population of CU patients.Subjects:  Group 1 consisted of 28 patients with CU (16 were ASST-positive) 20 patients with atopic dermatitis, 24 patients with allergy to birch and nine healthy controls. Group 2 consisted of 873 unselected CU patients.Methods:  White blood cells containing 1–2% basophils from a healthy nonatopic donor were incubated with patients sera in the presence of interleukin (IL)-3. Histamine was measured by the glass fibre method.Results:  Using the ASST as the true outcome, the HR-Urticaria test showed a sensitivity and specificity of 75% in group 1 using a cut-off value for HR of 〉16.5%. None of the controls was positive in the HR-Urticaria test. In group 2, we found no difference in the frequency of positives between male (34.6%, n = 254) and female adults (35.1%, n = 576) but twice as many females as males were tested.Conclusions:  Our studies have shown that the HR-Urticaria test has a good sensitivity and specificity for endogenous HRFs demonstrated by the ASST in patients with CU and that about one-third of unselected patients with CU have a positive result.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00841.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roasted hazelnuts – allergenic activity evaluated by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Allergy to hazelnuts is a common example of birch pollen related food allergy. Symptoms upon ingestion are often confined to the mouth and throat, but severe systemic reactions have been described in some patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the reduction in allergenicity by roasting of the nuts.Methods: Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) with roasted hazelnuts (140°C, 40 min) were performed in 17 birch pollen allergic patients with DBPCFC-confirmed food allergy to raw hazelnuts. The effect of roasting was further evaluated by skin prick test (SPT), histamine release (HR), measurement of specific IgE, and IgE-inhibition experiments.Results: In 5/17 patients the DBPCFC with the roasted nuts were positive. The symptoms were generally mild and included OAS (oral allergy syndrome) in all patients. Roasting of the nuts significantly reduced the allergenic activity evaluated by SPT, HR, specific IgE, and IgE-inhibition. Immunoblotting experiments with recombinant hazelnut allergens showed sensitization against Cor a 1.04 in 16/17 patients and against Cor a 2 in 7/17 patients. None of the patients were sensitized to Cor a 8. Challenge-positive patients did not differ from the rest in IgE-binding pattern.Conclusions: All the applied methods indicated that roasting of hazelnuts reduces the allergenicity, but since 5/17 birch pollen allergic patients were DBPCFC-positive to the roasted nuts, ingestion of roasted hazelnuts or products containing roasted hazelnuts can not be considered safe for a number of hazelnut allergic consumers. For patients with a history of severe allergic symptoms upon ingestion of hazelnuts, thorough and conscientious food labelling of hazelnuts and hazelnut residues is essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.23959.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypersensitivity to wood dust [1 Possible] (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00664.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of fiberglass-based histamine assay with a conventional automated fluorometric histamine assay, case history, skin prick test, and specific serum IgE in patients with milk and egg allergic reactions (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A microfiberglass-based histamine assay (HRM) was compared with an automated flourometric histamine assay (HRA). Twenty-four with and 24 without a case history (CH) of milk and/or egg allergy were tested by HRM and HRA, skin prick test (SPT), and specific serum IgE (RAST). Six different concentrations of milk, egg, and anti-IgE to stimulate washed leukocytes (250 μ for HRA and whole blood samples (25 μ for HRM) in parallel. When we compared scores representing basophil senditivity, correlation coefficients (rs) were positive (r(anti-IgE))=0.88, r(egg) = 0.95, r(milk) = 0.88, P〈 0.001), but no significant correlation were found after found after exclusion of the negatives in both tests. In some individual dose-response curves, the scores obtained by HRM were shifted to higher allergen and anti-IgE concentrations. A high degree of concordance was found in positive and negative responses between the two: anti-IgE 91%, egg 92%, milk 86%. Finally, we found a good concordance between, on one other, CH, SPT, and RAST (HRM vs. CH/SPT/RAST) 92/82/82%; milk 89/74/67%. We conclude that HRM is in good qualitative, but poor quantitative, agreement with the autoanalyzer-based fluorometric histamine assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb02174.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methacholine induces wheal-and-flare reactions in human skin but does not release histamine in vivo as assessed by the skin microdialysis technique (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A number of investigations have indicated that cholinergic agonists release histamine from isolated mast cells and suggested that cholinergic stimulation releases histamine in vivo. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the cutaneous wheal-and-flare reaction induced by methacholine challenge in human skin involves histamine release as measured by the skin microdialysis technique. Five hollow dialysis fibers were inserted intradermally in forearm skin in eight healthy subjects. Each fiber was perfused with Kreb's-Ringer bicarbonate at a rate of 3 μl/min. Dialysates were collected in 2-min fractions before skin challenge and for 20 min after intradermal injection of methacholine 10–-3 -10-1 M, the vehicle, and a positive control, codeine phosphate 0.3 mg/ml. Histamine was assayed spectrofluorometrically. Methacholine caused a statistically significant dose-related wheal-and-flare reaction, the flare reaction to methacholine 10-1 M being comparable with that seen with codeine 0.3 mg/ml. No significant histamine release was observed with methacholine, cumulative histamine release of 16 ± 8nM by methacholine 10-1 M being similar to vehicle responses of 15 ± 9 nM. Histamine release by codeine was 2524 ± 435 nM. In conclusion, methacholine-induced wheal-and-flare reactions in human skin appeared not to involve histamine release from skin mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb02510.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteinase-activated receptor-2 mediates itch: a novel pathway for pruritus in human skin (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc
    Experimental dermatology 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Proteinase-activated receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors with seven-transmembrane domains activated by serine proteinases. PAR-2 is a receptor for mast cell tryptase, house dust mite allergens, bacterial antigens and trypsin, for example, indicating a role of PAR-2 during inflammation and immune responses. In the skin, PAR-2 is expressed by keratinocytes, endothelial cells, certain immune cells and nerves, suggesting a broad regulatory role of proteases in the skin. Recently, PAR-2 has been demonstrated to be involved in neurogenic inflammation. Therefore, we examined whether neuronal PAR-2 may be involved in pruritus of human skin. The endogenous PAR-2 agonist tryptase was increased up to fourfold in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. PAR-2 was markedly enhanced on primary afferent nerve fibres in skin biopsies of AD patients. Intracutaneous injection of endogenous PAR-2 agonists provoked enhanced and prolonged itch when applied intralesionally. Interestingly, itch upon mast cell degranulation prevailed despite local antihistamines in AD patients only. Thus, we identified enhanced PAR-2 signalling as a new link between inflammatory and sensory phenomena in AD patients. PAR-2 antagonists, thus, represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cutaneous neurogenic inflammation and pruritus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.0212co.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane sialic acid influences basophil histamine release by interfering with calcium dependence (1987)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 20 (1987), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of the cell membrane content of sialic acid on basophil histamine release was examinedin vitro in allergic patients and normal controls. Enzymatical removal of sialic acid enhanced histamine release induced by allergen and anti-IgE, whereas an increase in membrane sialic acid content by insertion of sialic acid containing gangliosides into the membrane inhibited the mediator release. The reduction in membrane sialic acid content abolished the inhibitory capacity of the calcium channel antagonist nimodipine, whereas the inhibition produced by verapamil and lanthanum was not affected. This difference, together with the previous finding that alterations in membrane sialic acid content is reflected in the cell sensitivity to extracellular calcium, suggest an interaction between membrane sialic acid and the calcium channels involved in basophil histamine release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074657
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