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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dementia ; Down’s syndrome ; Down’s ; syndrome cell adhesion molecule ; Mental retardation ; Senile plaque
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the expression of Down’s syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) in Down’s syndrome (DS) and control brains, using antisera against peptide fragments of DSCAM. On Western blots of human, mouse and rat brain homogenates, the antisera recognized a product at approximately 200 kDa. In the brain of a 2-year-old patient with DS, Western blotting revealed an overexpression of DSCAM compared to an age-matched control. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated DSCAM in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter of both control and DS subjects, in accordance with the temporal and spatial sequence of myelination. In DS brains, immunoreactivity for DSCAM, compared to that for controls, was enhanced in the Purkinje cells at all ages, and in the cortical neurons during adulthood. In demented DS patients, DSCAM immunoreactivity was observed in the core and periphery of senile plaques. The pattern of DSCAM expression suggests that it may play a role as an adhesion molecule regulating myelination. The overexpression of DSCAM may also play a role in the mental retardation and the precocious dementia of DS patients, although the mechanism of neuronal dysfunction is undetermined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 12 (1972), S. 295-299 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study of the direct uptake by Artemia salina of phosphate ion from the medium and its incorporation into acid-soluble organic phosphorous compounds over a range of exposure time from 2 to 30 min, using 32PO4 ion, indicated that the phosphate ion was directly taken up and was rapidly incorporated into the energy-rich compounds, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), guanosine triphosphate (GTP), and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which were separated by ion-exchange chromatography using Dowex-1, X2. Even after an exposure of 2 min, the sum of the radioactivity of nucleotide-fractions was 37.4% of that of the whole acid-soluble extract. The most rapid incorporation of 32P occurred into ATP, followed by GTP and ADP. The amount of 32P incorporated into each fraction increased with increased exposure, giving straight lines when the radioactivity of each fraction was plotted against the exposure time on a logarithmic scale. Almost no difference, however, was observed in the distribution rate of 32P into each fraction at 2, 5, 10 and 30 min. These results show that inorganic phosphate absorbed by A. salina is rapidly incorporated into the energy-rich nucleotides, and that a dynamic equilibrium is established among various acid-soluble phosphorous compounds even after very short periods of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 101 (1988), S. 73-81 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: intracellualr pH ; lacrimal gland ; amiloride ; DIDS ; Na+/H+ antiport ; Cl−/HCO 3 − ; antiport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Intracellular pH (pH i ) of the acinar cells of the isolated, superfused mouse lacrimal gland has been measured using pH-sensitive microelectrodes. Under nonstimulated condition pH i was 7.25, which was about 0.5 unit higher than the equilibrium pH. Alterations of the external pH by ±0.4 unit shifted pH i only by ±0.08 unit. The intracellular buffering value determined by applications of 25mm NH 4 + and bicarbonate buffer solution gassed with 5% CO2/95% O2 was 26 and 46mm/pH, respectively Stimulation with 1 μm acetylcholine (ACh) caused a transient, small decrease and then a sustained increase in pH i . In the presence of amiloride (0.1mm) or the absence of Na+, application of ACh caused a significant decrease in pH i and removal of amiloride or replacement with Na+-containing saline, respectively, rapidly increased the pH i . Pretreatment with DIDS (0.2mm) did not change the pH i of the nonstimulated conditions; however, it significantly enhanced the increase in pH i induced by ACh. The present results showed that (i) there is an active acid extrusion mechanism that is stimulated by ACh; (ii) stimulation with ACh enhances the rate of acid production in the acinar cells; and (iii) the acid extrusion mechanism is inhibited by amiloride addition to and Na+ removal from the bath solution. We suggest that both Na+/H+ and HCO 3 − /Cl− exchange transport mechanisms are taking roles in the intracellular pH regulation in the lacrimal gland acinar cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Human ; Distal-proximal somatotopy ; Index finger ; Palm ; Somatosensory cortex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The distal-proximal representation of the finger and palm in the first somatosensory cortex was reexamined. Somatosensory evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) were measured with a 37-channel first-order axial gradiometer system. Sensory stimulus comprising a 20-ms vibration at a frequency of 200 Hz was delivered to five successive sites in 3-cm increments along the distal-proximal direction over the volar surface of the right index finger and palm. Using a single dipole model, the sources and the signal strengths of the main peak (M50) of the SEFs were estimated. All of the sources were located in the 3b area. There were no statistically significant differences between the locations of dipoles evoked by stimulation of different sites. The results support those of our previous study using a 122-channel whole-head planar gradiometer system that orderly distal-proximal representation of the hand, as described in monkeys, is blurred in the adult human somatosensory cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: atrial natriuretic polypeptide ; α-hANP ; pharmacokinetics ; radioimmunassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have analysed the pharmacokinetics ofα-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (α-hANP) in healthy subjects, using a two-compartment open model following bolus intravenous injection. The plasma half-times for the fast and slow components were 1.7±0.07 min and 13.3±1.69 min respectively. V1 (the volume of the central compartment), Vz (volume of distribution) and Vss (volume of distribution at steady-state) were 5370±855 ml (89.5±14.3 ml·kg−1), 32000±4620 ml (533±77.0 ml·kg−1), and 11900±1530 ml (198±25.5 ml·kg−1) respectively. The mean plasma clearance was 1520±121 ml·min−1 (25.4±2.0 ml·min−1·kg−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 343-346 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Probucol ; Hyperlipidaemia ; low density lipoprotein ; LDL-cholesterol ; lipoprotein peroxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationship between the content of probucol in plasma and lipid lowering was studied after administration of probucol. The study group consisted of 44 patients with Type II hyperlipidaemia (mean age 56 y). Total cholesterol level was decreased from 293 to 232 mg · dl−1 by the administration of probucol. The plasma probucol concentration was 2.03 mg · dl−1 after 4 weeks of administration of 500 mg b. d. Although there was no relationship between the change in total cholesterol and the plasma probucol, a linerar relation was observed between the decrease in LDL-cholesterol concentration and the probucol concentration in LDL. Neither the VLDL nor the HDL-probucol content were related to the magnitude of the decrease in lipoprotein cholesterol. The present study has demonstrated that an increase in the probucol content in LDL was associated with a decrease in plasma LDL-cholesterol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 3-4 (Jan. 1991), p. 139-142 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 539-543 (Mar. 2007), p. 2437-2442 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The kinetics and topology of grain growth in three dimensions were simulated using aphase-field model with anisotropic grain-boundary mobilities. In order to perform large scalecalculations we applied both modifications of algorithms and parallel coding techniques to the Fanand Chen's phase-field algorithm. Kinetics of abnormal grain growth is presented. It is observed thatthe grains of a minor component which are at the beginning surrounded preferentially by boundariesof high mobility grow faster than the grains of a major component until the texture reversescompletely. Additionally, topological results of grain structures, such as grain size distributions andgrain face distributions, are discussed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 1189-1194 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effects of second-phase particles on the recrystallization kinetics in two-dimensionalpolycrystalline structures were investigated. Numerical simulations of recrystallization wereperformed by coupling the unified subgrain growth theory with a phase-field methodology. Simpleassumptions based on experimental observations were utilized for preparing initial microstructures.The following results were obtained: (1) The presence of second-phase particles retardedrecrystallization speeds. (2) If the mean subgrain size was small enough recrystallized region coveredwhole system for various values of the particle fraction, f. (3) On the other hand, if the mean subgrainsize was not small enough the progress of recrystallization was frozen at some point
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 88-90 (Jan. 1992), p. 655-662 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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