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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3-Amino-3-deoxy-D-glucose: an antibiotic produced by a deep-sea bacterium (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 464-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Deep-sea bacteria ; gram-positive ; antimicrobial activity ; Bacillus ; 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gram-positive bacteria isolated from deep-sea sediments of the Pacific basin showed considerable antibacterial activity. ABacillus strain, isolated from a sediment sample collected at a depth of 4310 m, was shown to produce 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-glucose, a known antibiotic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01940457
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of protizinic acid on leukokinin generation and its physiological action (1984)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 14 (1984), S. 699-706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of protizinic acid (PRT), a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug, on thein vivo leukokinin (LK) generation system using feline acute ischemia model,in vitro LK generation system and the LK-induced contraction of the isolated smooth muscle was investigated. When 3 mg/kg PRT was injected twice intravenously to cats with acute cardiac ischemia, increased blood acid protease activity was inhibited and significant inhibitory action on the decrease of leukokininogen, the precursor of LK, was observed. Simultaneously, ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram tended to be suppressed and the lowered mean aortic blood pressure was significantly restored. On the LK generation induced by rabbit kininogen and acid protease derived from mouse L-1210 leukemic cells or rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PRT showed a dosedependent inhibition while indomethacin (IM) and ibuprofen (IB) at a concentration of 3×10−4 M showed no effect. However, potencies of the inhibitory actions of PRT, IM and IB on the LK generation induced by bovine spleen cathepsin D were almost the same at a concentration of 3×10−4 M. Furthermore, PRT as well as IM showed antagonistic action on the isolated rat uterine contraction induced by LK. These results suggest that PRT not only inhibits thein vitro andin vivo generation of LK but also antagonizes to it on the receptor site of LK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01978911
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of islet secretory function in the development of diabetes in the GK Wistar rat (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 863-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; pancreatic islet ; insulin secretion ; glucose metabolism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin secretion and glucose metabolism were compared in islets isolated from GK Wistar rats (a non-obese, spontaneous model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and control Wistars aged 8 and 14 weeks. By 8 weeks of age, GK Wistar rats were clearly diabetic as indicated by non-fasting plasma glucose concentrations and impaired glucose tolerance. Islet insulin content was not significantly different to controls at either age. In islets from 14-week-old GK Wistar rats glucose-stimulated insulin release (6–16 mmol/l glucose) was significantly reduced to 25–50 % of controls in static incubations (p 〈 0.001). In perifusion, glucose-stimulated insulin release was reduced by 90 % for first phase (p 〈 0.01) and by 75 % for second phase (p 〈 0.05). The responses to arginine and 2α Ketoisocaproate in islets were similar to those in controls. In contrast, islets isolated from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats exhibited no significant reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in static incubations. In perifusion, although both first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin release were slightly reduced, these were not significantly different to controls. Islets from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats failed however to respond to stimulation by glyceraldehyde. Raising the medium glucose concentration to 16 mmol/l significantly increased rates of glucose utilisation ([3H] H2O production from 5-[3H] glucose) and oxidation ([14C] CO2 production from U-[14C] glucose) in islets isolated from 8-week-old control and GK Wistar rats, respectively. The rates of oxidation were not significantly different at stimulatory glucose concentrations whereas the rates of utilisation were significantly higher in islets from the diabetic animals (p 〈 0.05). Production of [3H] H2O from 2-[3H] glycerol metabolism was increased (p 〈 0.05) at 2 mmol/l glucose but was not significantly different to controls at 16 mmol/l glucose in islets from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats. This data would suggest that abnormalities in islet function are present in 8-week-old diabetic animals although these do not seriously impair glucose-stimulated insulin release from isolated islets. This in turn would indicate that a defect in the glucose signalling pathway in beta cells is not a primary cause of the diabetes of GK Wistar rats and that deterioration of the secretory response is the consequence of some factor associated with the diabetic condition. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 863–870]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400940
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein C activation in NIDDM patients (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1455-1461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Protein C ; protein S ; diabetes mellitus ; soluble thrombomodulin ; microalbuminuria ; activated protein C-protein C inhibitor complex ; fibrin monomer ; soluble E-selectin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Enhanced activation of the clotting system has been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Abnormalities of the anticoagulant system may constitute a potential trigger factor for the haemostatic activation observed in diabetic subjects. The current study aimed to evaluate anticoagulant activity in diabetic patients by assessing the plasma levels of activated protein C-protein C inhibitor complex; and by measuring the anticoagulant response to exogenous thrombomodulin. This study comprised 61 patients (34 men, 27 women) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) of whom 22 showed microalbuminuria and 39 normoalbuminuria. Data obtained in 31 non-obese and non-diabetic subjects were available for comparison. The plasma levels of fibrinogen (p 〈 0.02), prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (p 〈 0.05), fibrin monomer (p 〈 0.0001), protein C antigen (p 〈 0.005), total protein S antigen (p 〈 0.02), soluble thrombomodulin (p 〈 0.005) and soluble E-selectin (p 〈 0.005) were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects. The plasma level of activated protein C-protein C inhibitor complex (7.4 ± 3.8 vs 3.0 ± 0.4 pmol/l) was significantly higher (p 〈 0.0001) and the anticoagulant response to exogenous thrombomodulin (23.4 ± 2.6 vs 35.3 ± 3.0 ng/ml) was markedly lower (p = 0.005) in all diabetic patients than in healthy subjects. Cases with microalbuminuria presented low plasma levels of activated protein C-protein C inhibitor complex (5.5 ± 0.6 vs 8.6 ± 0.7 pmol/l, p 〈 0.05) and significantly decreased values of the anticoagulant response to exogenous thrombomodulin (16.5 ± 2.9 vs 23.4 ± 2.6 %, p = 0.03) as compared to those with normoalbuminuria. The present study suggests that the hyper-coagulable state in NIDDM is associated with an increased activation of protein C but with a poor plasma reactivity to the anticoagulant effect of thrombomodulin. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1455–1461]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050598
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal insulin secretion and glucose metabolism in pancreatic islets from the spontaneously diabetic GK rat (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; pancreatic islets ; perfused pancreas ; glucose metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin secretion and islet glucose metabolism were compared in pancreatic islets isolated from GK/Wistar (GK) rats with spontaneous Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and control Wistar rats. Islet insulin content was 24.5±3.1 μU/ng islet DNA in GK rats and 28.8±2.5 μU/ng islet DNA in control rats, with a mean (±SEM) islet DNA content of 17.3±1.7 and 26.5±3.4 ng (p 〈 0.05), respectively. Basal insulin secretion at 3.3 mmol/l glucose was 0.19±0.03 μ · ng islet DNA−1· h−1 in GK rat islets and 0.40±0.07 in control islets. Glucose (16.7 mmol/l) stimulated insulin release in GK rat islets only two-fold while in control islets five-fold. Glucose utilization at 16.7 mmol/l glucose, as measured by the formation of 3H2O from [5-3 H]glucose, was 2.4 times higher in GK rat islets (3.1±0.7 pmol · ng islet DNA−1 · h−1) than in control islets (1.3±0.1 pmol · ng islet DNA−1 · h−1; p〈0.05). In contrast, glucose oxidation, estimated as the production of 14CO2 from [U-14C]glucose, was similar in both types of islets and corresponded to 15±2 and 30±3 % (p〈0.001) of total glucose phosphorylated in GK and control islets, respectively. Glucose cycling, i. e. the rate of dephosphorylation of the total amount of glucose phosphorylated, (determined as production of labelled glucose from islets incubated with 3H2O) was 16.4±3.4% in GK rat and 6.4±1.0% in control islets, respectively (p〈0.01). We conclude that insulin secretion stimulated by glucose is markedly impaired in GK rat islets. Glucose metabolism is also altered in GK rat islets, with diminished ratio between oxidation and utilization of glucose, and increased glucose cycling, suggesting links between impaired glucose-induced insulin release and abnormal glucose metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399086
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of islet secretory function in the development of diabetes in the GK Wistar rat (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 863-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; pancreatic islet ; insulin secretion ; glucose metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin secretion and glucose metabolism were compared in islets isolated from GK Wistar rats (a non-obese, spontaneous model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and control Wistars aged 8 and 14 weeks. By 8 weeks of age, GK Wistar rats were clearly diabetic as indicated by non-fasting plasma glucose concentrations and impaired glucose tolerance. Islet insulin content was not significantly different to controls at either age. In islets from 14-week-old GK Wistar rats glucose-stimulated insulin release (6–16 mmol/l glucose) was significantly reduced to 25–50% of controls in static incubations (p〈0.001). In perifusion, glucose-stimulated insulin release was reduced by 90% for first phase (p〈0.01) and by 75% for second phase (p〈0.05). The responses to arginine and 2α Ketoisocaproate in islets were similar to those in controls. In contrast, islets isolated from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats exhibited no significant reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in static incubations. In perifusion, although both first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin release were slightly reduced, these were not significantly different to controls. Islets from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats failed however to respond to stimulation by glyceraldehyde. Raising the medium glucose concentration to 16 mmol/l significantly increased rates of glucose utilisation ([3H] H2O production from 5-[3H] glucose) and oxidation ([14C] CO2 production from U-[14C] glucose) in islets isolated from 8-week-old control and GK Wistar rats, respectively. The rates of oxidation were not significantly different at stimulatory glucose concentrations whereas the rates of utilisation were significantly higher in islets from the diabetic animals (p〈0.05). Production of [3H] H2O from 2-[3H] glycerol metabolism was increased (p〈0.05) at 2 mmol/l glucose but was not significantly different to controls at 16 mmol/l glucose in islets from 8-week-old GK Wistar rats. This data would suggest that abnormalities in islet function are present in 8-week-old diabetic animals although these do not seriously impair glucose-stimulated insulin release from isolated islets. This in turn would indicate that a defect in the glucose signalling pathway in beta cells is not a primary cause of the diabetes of GK Wistar rats and that deterioration of the secretory response is the consequence of some factor associated with the diabetic condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400940
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The antigenicity of human hemoglobins (1969)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 19 (1969), S. 129-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit der Doppeldiffusion und der Immunoelektrophorese mit der Zellulose-Acetat-Membran wurde die Kompliziertheit der Hb-A, Hb-F-Antigene und des Anti-Hb-A-Antiserums nachgewiesen, obwohl im anti-Hb-F-Antiserum nur ein Antikörper gegen Hb-F enthalten war. Die Antigenität der Hämoglobin-Ketten wurde mit der Harnstoff-Immunoelektrophorese untersucht. Die elektrophoretische Trennung erfolgte auf einer Zellulose-Acetat-Membran unter Einfluß von 8 m Harnstoff und Hinzufügen der Antiseren nach der Entfernung des Harnstoffs. Trotz der Kompliziertheit des benutzten Systems wurden 2 Linien, eine für die schnell wandernde α-Kette-und eine für die langsamere β-Kette, im Anti-Hb-A-Antiserum und Hb-A-System nachgewiesen. Die Linie der α-Kette im Anti-Hb-A-Antiserum und Hb-F-System und die Linie der γ-Kette im Anti-Hb-F-Antiserum und Hb-F-System wurden auch demonstriert.
    Notes: Summary By double diffusion and cellulose acetate membrane immunoelectrophoresis the complexity of the Hb-A, Hb-F antigens and anti-Hb-A antiserum was demonstrated though the anti-Hb-F antiserum contained only 1 antibody against Hb-F. The urea added immunoelectrophoresis which consists of the electrophoretical separation of subunit chains on the cellulose acetate membrane under the existence of 8 m urea and the application of antiserum after the removal of urea was used to investigate the antigenicity of hemoglobin subunit chains. In spite of the complexity of system used, 2 lines, for the fast moving α-chain and for the slow moving β-chain, were demonstrated in anti-Hb-A antiserum and Hb-A system. Also the α-chain line in anti-Hb-A antiserum and Hb-F system and the γ-chain line in anti-Hb-F antiserum and Hb-F system were demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01631127
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The antigenicity of human hemoglobins (1969)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 19 (1969), S. 193-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Zusammenhänge der Antigenität zwischen nativen Hämoglobinen und deren Unterketten wurden mit der Absorption der Antiseren und der Kombination der Harnstoff-Immunelektrophorese und Doppeldiffusion untersucht. Die α-Kette zeigte Identität mit Hb-F, aber nur partielle Identität mit der β-Kette und Hb-A. Die β-Kette war in ihrer Antigenität mit Hb-A identisch, die α-Kette und Hb-F waren teilweise identisch mit der β-Kette. Die ψ-Kette zeigte die Identität mit Hb-F; es wird angenommen, daß ihre Antigenität verschieden von der α-oder β-Ketten ist. Für das Auftreten der Linien der α-, β- und ψ-Ketten müssen Anti-Hb-A-oder Anti-Hb-F-Antikörper in den absorbierten Antiseren vorhanden sein, außerdem fusionieren die schwächeren Linien der Doppeldiffusion nicht mit irgendwelchen Linien der Unterketten. Auch gereinigte α- oder β-Ketten wurden zur Feststellung ihrer Linien benutzt.
    Notes: Summary The correlation of the antigenicities among native hemoglobins and their subunit chains were investigated by the absorption of antisera and the combination of urea added immunoelectrophoresis with double diffusion. Alphachain showed identity with Hb-F but partial identity with β-chain and Hb-A. Beta-chain showed identity with Hb-A but α-chain and Hb-F showed partial identity with this chain. Gamma-chain showed identity only with Hb-F and its antigenicity was considered as being different from those of α- or β-chains. The lines of α-, β-and ψ-chains were reconfirmed from the facts that the appearance of them depended always on the existence of anti-Hb-A or anti-Hb-F antibodies in the absorbed antisera and the minor component lines of
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01641714
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal epidermoid cyst in the mouse (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 53 (1981), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Epidermoid cyst ; Epidermal differentiation ; Spinal cord ; Mouse ; Ultrastructural study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural features of epidermoid cysts in the spinal leptomeninges were studied in two strains of mouse. Although the cysts were lined by stratified squamous epithelium, the normal sequence of epidermal differentiation in this epithelium was not observed in that the basal cell layer was absent in certain areas. The morphological features and genesis of this phenomenon are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697188
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The twitcher mouse: An ultrastructural study on the oligodendroglia (1983)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 59 (1983), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Twitcher mouse ; Oligodendroglia ; Cellular degeneration ; Myelin sheaths ; Globoid cell leukodystrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphological alterations of oligodendroglia were investigated in the spinal cord of the twitcher mouse, an authentic murine model of human globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) from day 5 to day 45 postnatal (p.n.). Typical inclusions were seen in the perikarya as well as the processes of oligodendroglia after day 10 with increasing frequency. The majority of the inclusions was non-crystalloid but rather needle-like or slender tubular in appearance. Ultrastructural features of cellular degeneration became first noticeable on days 25–30 in the oligodendroglial cytoplasm. These consisted of an increased number of microtubules and/or smooth cisterns, dispersed ribosomes, alteration of endoplasmic reticulum forming stacked lamellae or whorles, vesiculation or vacuolation of cytoplasm. The number of degenerating oligodendroglia increased in the older twitcher mice, so did the degenerating myelin sheath. However, even on day 45, when globoid cells became conspicuous in subpial and perivascular regions, many oligodendroglia and myelin sheaths were still well preserved. These observations suggested that oligodendrogial degeneration resulted in the degeneration of myelin sheaths but globoid cells appeared even before morphological evidence of myelin degeneration, presumably in response to the biochemical alterations resulted from the deficiency of galactosylceramidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00703199
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