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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plug potential formation in a tandem mirror (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 2532-2543 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is suggested experimentally that a plug potential forms in a different mechanism from the originally expected scenario in the present tandem mirror [T. Tamano, Phys. Plasmas 2, 2321 (1995)]. That is, the formation requires only electron cyclotron resonance heating experimentally. In this manuscript, therefore, the plug potential with continuous axial profile is analytically shown to be created with the plausible ion and electron distribution functions in a present tandem mirror, i.e., passing ions, mirror trapped ions in the thermal barrier, passing electrons, φ-trapped electrons in a plug potential, and the small amount of ions that are born around the plug region.© 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872232
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tandem mirror experiments in GAMMA 10 (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2321-2327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Confinement of ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) plasmas in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 159 (1985)] has been investigated. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability is provided by the axisymmetrized minimum-B system. Ion confining and thermal barrier potentials are produced only by electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH). Ions are heated to several keV and hot ion modes, where Ti/Te(approximately-greater-than)(mi/me)1/3, are produced. Ion pressure in the central cell increases approximately linearly both with the power radiated from the antennas and with the magnetic field. A record ion temperature of about 10 keV is obtained at the maximum magnetic field (∼0.57 T). Thermonuclear fusion neutrons are detected in a deuterium/hydrogen mixture plasma for the first time in a tandem mirror. In typical GAMMA 10 operations, strong radial electric fields are naturally produced, and density fluctuations are suppressed. Axial confinement of the core plasma is consistent with the classical potential confinement, indicating radial confinement is better than axial confinement. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871256
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of secondary electrons from an endplate of a tandem mirror by use of a biased mesh (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 352-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Negative bias is applied to a mesh placed in front of an endplate of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985)]. A bias voltage of around 10 V results in an increase of the potential difference by an order of kV in the end region. The increment is about two times the temperature of end-loss electrons and most of that stems from the sheath potential drop in front of the endplate. Provided that almost all the secondary electrons emitted from endplate are reflected, these results agree with the prediction of a potential model for the open magnetic field configuration [J. Phys Soc. Jpn. 61, 3153 (1992)]. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871439
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cyclotron resonance heating by strong monochromatic wave in nonuniform magnetic field (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 834-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Numerical studies are made on dynamics of electrons under electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) by a strong monochromatic wave in a nonuniform magnetic field. The response of the electrons is described in terms of gains in energy and magnetic moment. These expressions are employed to define a response function which connects the velocity distributions of electrons before and after heating in a wide range of conditions. The response function is applied to calculate the velocity distribution of cold electrons which stream up the magnetic slope and are heated at the resonance. This configuration simulates a possible scheme for controlling an inward flux of cold electrons in diverter regions of tori and in mirror ends by mirror reflection enhanced by ECRH. The velocity distribution shows wing-like structures which are not expected from diffusion equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870742
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical analysis of thermal dike supported by electron cyclotron resonance heating (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 3986-3995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thermal dike is a new concept for controlling energy transport carried by electrons along open magnetic field lines by enhancing mirror-reflection with assistance of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH). Quantitative analyses are made to evaluate merits of thermal dike and to clarify requirements for efficient use of it. Heating response function is applied for trajectory analyses of electrons streaming through the ECRH zone. Substantial power gain is obtained under a configuration with a high mirror ratio between the reflection point and the resonance point and with a large scale length of the magnetic gradient in the resonance zone. Thermal dike is shown to be beneficial both in tandem mirrors and in diverters in tori. Discussions are made also on a basic experiment program of thermal dike in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870914
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the continuous plug potential profile in a tandem mirror (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1560-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The plug potential is formed experimentally, even without high energy sloshing ion population in the end-mirror cells of a tandem mirror. It has been shown analytically that the plug potential can be formed in the present experimental conditions by using the plausible distribution functions of ions and electrons and a small ionization source. In this paper, the required ionization rate is estimated for the continuous potential profile around the plug by using Emmert's source. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872815
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-relativistic response function for higher harmonic electron cyclotron resonance heating (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 2972-2981 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A response function [Y. Kiwamoto et al., Phys. Plasmas 1, 834 (1994)] for higher harmonic cyclotron resonance heating is constructed through the analysis of electron trajectory under harmonic heating in an inhomogeneous magnetic field. General expressions of orbital displacement and energy gain for higher harmonic resonance are obtained. Phase-averaged energy gain of electrons by n-th harmonic electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) is larger by a factor of n, if the effect of the orbital displacement from the unperturbed orbit is correctly included, than that evaluated based on an unperturbed orbit assuming small k⊥ρ. The energy gain for finite k⊥ρ is also obtained. These results are confirmed with a numerical calculation for second harmonics. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872430
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of fusion neutrons from a deuterium-proton mixed plasma in the GAMMA 10 Tandem Mirror (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 578-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Neutron diagnostics are applied to a deuterium plasma mixed with protons in the central cell of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [Inutake et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985)]. The deuterium ions are heated with a slow ion cyclotron wave tuned to the fundamental deuterium resonance near the mid-plane of the central cell while the plasma is sustained with the fundamental resonance heating of protons in the minimum-B anchor cells. The measurement is based on in situ calibration to determine the transmission efficiency through machine walls and the counting efficiency of the detection system for neutrons emitted from 252Cf with energy close to that in the deuterium–deuterium (D–D) fusion reaction. The observation shows that the count rate of neutrons increases with diamagnetism, and this relation is accounted for in terms of fusion reaction between deuterium ions with a transverse temperature exceeding 10 keV. Discrepancies among ion temperatures determined with different diagnostics are mostly attributed to insufficient knowledge of the profiles of plasma parameters. The results indicate that the neutron measurement can be added as a powerful diagnostic tool for hot ions if combined with more detailed profile measurements. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871885
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of the saturated electrostatic potential along a magnetic field line (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 2218-2220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of plug potential is usually observed in a tandem mirror experiment without neutral beam injection in the plug region [Phys. Plasmas 2, 2321 (1995)]. The formation requires only the electron cyclotron resonance heating experimentally. In this Letter the plug potential is analytically shown to be created in a tandem mirror with passing ions, mirror trapped ions in the thermal barrier, passing electrons and φ-trapped electrons in a plug potential but without high energy sloshing ions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871701
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eigenmode excitation of Alfvén ion cyclotron instability (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 4489-4495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror [M. Inutake et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 939 (1985)], plasmas with a high beta value (ratio of plasma pressure to magnetic pressure) are produced by using an ICRF (ion cyclotron range of frequency) heating. Magnetic field fluctuations identified as an Alfvén ion cyclotron (AIC) mode are excited with strong dependence on a perpendicular beta value and a temperature anisotropy T⊥/T(parallel) (a ratio between the temperatures perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field line). Spatial structures and excitation conditions of the AIC mode are experimentally studied. AIC modes are spontaneously excited as axial eigenmodes, of which boundary is determined by the reflection point in anisotropic plasmas. The AIC mode in the GAMMA 10 is observed well below the theoretically predicted threshold. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872067
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