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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Estimation of the starvation losses of nitrogen and energy in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with special regard to protein and energy maintenance requirements (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Literature data are analysed regarding losses of body substances occurring during a period of food deprivation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Nitrogen (protein) and energy losses show a distinct dependence on fish mass (FM [g]) and water temperature (T [°C]). Several regression models for this relationship were compared with best testing estimates as follows:Nitrogen loss [mg N 2 fish−1 2 d−1] = 0.0658 e(1.037) 2 FM0.739(n= 49, 9–20°C, 5–400g fish mass, P 〈 0.001, B = 0.826)Nitrogen-corrected energy loss [J 2 fish−1 2 d−1] = 22.09 e(1.034) 2 FM0.833(n= 63, 9–25°C, 8–400 g fish mass, P 〈 0.001, B = 0.887).For nitrogen loss as well as for nitrogen-corrected energy loss, the metabolic rate shows a progressive increase with rising water temperature. The temperature coefficient increases in magnitude as temperature increases. The introduction of a general common exponent (0.8 instead of 0.739 for nitrogen loss and 0.833 for energy loss) for fish mass decreases the precision of the estimate. The equations could serve as a base for estimating net protein and net energy maintenance requirements of rainbow trout. Possible limitations, caused by uncertainities in estimating the elevated metabolic rate by food intake and ingestion, are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1995.tb00026.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oscillatory model of crassulacean acid metabolism: structural analysis and stability boundaries with a discrete hysteresis switch (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: We propose a simple oscillatory model of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) describing the CO2 uptake and nocturnal acidification of CAM plants by a system of coupled non-linear differential equations. Large differences in the content of metabolite pools are treated using a pseudo-steady-state approach. For the first time, simulations of the CAM cycle investigate its dependence on all three major control parameters simultaneously: temperature, photon flux density and external CO2 concentration. Under stationary conditions in time the model shows either endogenous rhythmicity or two distinct steady states. Stability boundaries are calculated in parameter space.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00312.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distortion of Three-Unit Implant Frameworks During Casting, Soldering, and Simulated Porcelain Firings (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of prosthodontics 8 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1532-849X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The aim of this study was to assess distortion inherent in casting, soldering, and simulated porcelain firings of screw-retained, implant-supported three-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs).〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Materials and MethodsTen wax patterns were fabricated on a die-stone cast containing two implants, 20 mm apart from center to center. Five specimens were cast in a high-palladium alloy, exposed to simulated porcelain firings, sectioned, and then soldered with low-fusing solder. Five specimens were cast, sectioned, soldered with high-fusing solder, and then exposed to simulated porcelain firings. For each specimen, two horizontal and six vertical distances between appropriately scribed reference points were measured with a traveling microscope. Comparisons were made among the various measurements taken after wax-pattern fabrication, casting, high- and low-fusing soldering, and each porcelain firing. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures factorial ANOVA (α= 0.05).〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsSignificant difference was detected in the amount of horizontal distortion during casting (53 ± 24 μm) and high-fusing soldering (−49 ± 50 μm), as well as in the amount of horizontal distortion during high-fusing soldering (−49 ± 50 μm) and low-fusing soldering (17 ± 26 μm). However, no clinically significant difference was found in the amount of horizontal distortion during casting, low-fusing, and high-fusing soldering. The greatest amount of distortion during the simulated porcelain firings took place during the oxidizing cycle.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsSoldering did not improve the casting misfit of a three-unit implant-retained FPD model. Metal-ceramic implant frameworks should be oxidized before intraoral fit evaluation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.1999.tb00032.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lack of furcal bone loss following the tunneling procedure (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Treatment of molar teeth with severe furcation involvement allows for differing therapies of which the tunneling procedure has been least studied. While subsequent root caries in furcal exposed teeth was believed a major shortcoming, successful periodontal therapy is primarily dependent upon the stability of the attachment and intrafurcal and interproximal bone. We evaluated in each of 18 subjects (10 female, 8 male) a molar tooth with deep grade II/III furcation involvement at time of presentation (T-0), to 1st post-surgical recall following a tunneling procedure (T-1), to most immediate last recall (T-2; mean time T-0 to T-2, 5.80±0.83 years). Assessments included O'Leary's plaque index (P1-I), attachment levels (AL), root caries and radiographic bone loss. The mean P1-I from T-0 to T-2 decreased 56.8% with some plaque at T-2 detected in furcations of 7/18 teeth. AL across all time periods were not significantly difference except for palatal/lingual AL which from T-0 to T-2 were significantly different. Root caries was found in only 3 teeth at T-2. Adequate radiographs were available for 8 surgically tunneled mandibular molars for analysis of 5 measurements of osseous levels i.e. the mesial and distal levels of the intrafurcal and the interproximal osseous crests, and the distal interproximal osseous crest of a mesial adjacent single-rooted reference tooth which received osseous surgery at the same time. Mean time change values (T-1 to last radiograph taken. T-2a; mean time 3.0±0.7 years) showed no significant difference among the 5 points measured. These results indicate no difference in AL nor loss of furcal or proximal crestal bone in surgically tunneled mandibular molars when compared with an adjacent tooth receiving osseous surgery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00817.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermodynamics and Energetics of the Tonoplast Membrane Operating as a Hysteresis Switch in an Oscillatory Model of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (1998)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 165 (1998), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Crassulacean acid metabolism — Endogenous rhythm — Lipid membrane structure — Phase transition — Osmotic cell pressure
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract. The observed endogenous circadian rhythm in plants performing Crassulacean acid metabolism is effected by malate transport at the tonoplast membrane. Experimental and theoretical work asks for a hysteresis switch, regulating this transport via the ordering state of the membrane. We apply a schematic molecular model to calculate the thermally averaged order parameter of the membrane lipid structure in its dependence on external parameters temperature and area per molecule. The model shows a first order structural phase transition in a biologically relevant temperature range. Osmotic consequences of malate accumulation can trigger a transition between the two phases by changing the surface area of the cell vacuole. Estimation of the energy needed to expand the vacuole under turgor pressure because of osmotic changes while acidifying shows that energy needed as latent heat for the calculated change between phases can easily be afforded by the cell. Thus, malate content and the coexisting two phases of lipid order, showing hysteretic behavior, can serve as a feedback system in an oscillatory model of Crassulacean acid metabolism, establishing the circadian clock needed for endogenous rhythmicity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002329900418
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thin Polyheteroaromatic Interlayers on Commodity Metals for Corrosion Protection (1998)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 289-292 (Aug. 1998), p. 1217-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/03/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.289-292.1217.pdf
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Homeosis and intestinal tumours in Cdx2 mutant mice (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 386 (1997), S. 84-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] In the mouse, Cdx2 is expressed extra-embryonically at 3.5 days post coitum (d.p.c.) in the trophectoderm and later in some trophectodermally derived placental tissues. Embryonic expression begins at 8.5 d.p.c. in the posterior gut, the tailbud, the posterior part of the neural tube, and the ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386084a0
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Solute composition and heat shock proteins in rat renal medulla (1997)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 434 (1997), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Organic osmolytes ; Urea ; Intracellular electrolytes ; Heat shock proteins ; HSP25 ; HSP72 ; Osmoregulation ; Kidney
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The high content of heat shock proteins (HSPs) 25 and 72 in the hyperosmotic inner medulla of the concentrating kidney has been ascribed to the high NaCl and urea concentrations in this kidney zone. To assess the effects of variations in the composition of solutes in the renal medulla on the intrarenal distribution of HSPs, rats were fed either a high- or low-Na diet for 3 weeks. These diets result in greatly differing urine and inner medullary solute composition. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot techniques were used to analyse HSP25 and HSP72 in the cortex, outer medulla and inner medulla. In addition, the amounts of organic osmolytes (sorbitol, myo-inositol, betaine and glycerophosphorylcholine) and urea in the tissue were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Intra- and extracellular electrolyte concentrations at the papillary tip were measured by electron microprobe analysis. In the high-Na group, urine osmolality was about 1000 mosmol/kg lower than in rats fed a low-Na diet, due to lower urea concentrations. The sum of urine sodium and potassium concentrations, however, did not differ between the two groups. Neither in the outer nor in the inner medulla was the sum of the concentrations of organic osmolytes affected by the dietary treatment. The sum of sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations did not differ between the two experimental groups, neither in the interstitial nor in the intracellular compartments. However, the urea content and the amounts of HSP25 and HSP72 were significantly lower in the inner medulla of the group of rats fed a high-Na diet. Our results suggest that urea participates in the regulation of the medullary levels of the HSPs and that both HSP25 and HSP72 are components of mechanisms protecting medullary cells against the deleterious effects of high urea concentrations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050371
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heat shock proteins HSP25, HSP60, HSP72, HSP73 in isoosmotic cortex and hyperosmotic medulla of rat kidney (1996)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 431 (1996), S. 608-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Osmotic stress ; Heat shock proteins (HSP25 ; HSP60 ; HSP72 ; HSP73) ; Intrarenal distribution ; Phosphorylation of HSP25 ; Anaesthesia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The distribution of heat shock proteins (HSP) HSP60, HSP73, HSP72 and HSP25 in the isoosmotic cortex and the hyperosmotic medulla of the rat kidney was investigated using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. HSP73 was homogeneously distributed throughout the whole kidney. The level of HSP60 was high in the renal cortex and low in the medulla. HSP25 and HSP72 were present in large amounts in the medulla. Only low levels of HSP25 and almost undetectable amounts of HSP72 were found in the cortex. HSP25 exists in one nonphosphorylated and several phosphorylated isoforms. Western blot analysis preceded by isoelectric focussing showed that HSP25 predominates in its nonphosphorylated form in the outer medulla but in its phosphorylated form in cortex and inner medulla. Although this intrarenal distribution pattern was not changed during prolonged anaesthesia (thiobutabarbital sodium), a shift from the nonphosphorylated to the phosphorylated isoforms of HSP25 occurred in the medulla. The characteristic intrarenal distribution of the constitutively expressed HSPs (HSP73, HSP60, HSP25) may reflect different states of metabolic activity in the isoosmotic (cortex) and hyperosmotic (medulla) zones of the kidney. The high content of inducible HSP72 in the medulla most likely is a consequence of the osmotic stress imposed upon the cells by the high urea and salt concentrations in the hyperosmotic medullary environment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050042
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of long-term changes in medullary osmolality on heat shock proteins HSp25, hsp60, HSP72 and HSP73 in the rat kidney (1998)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 435 (1998), S. 705-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Diuresis/antidiuresis ; Osmotic stress ; HSP25 ; HSP60 ; HSP72 ; HSP73 ; Transcription ; Translation ; Medullary hypertonicity ; Phosphorylation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The influence of diuresis and antidiuresis on the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) 25, 60, 72 and 73 in the renal cortex and outer and inner medulla of Wistar rats was analysed. Medullary osmolality was reduced by long-term diuresis (3% sucrose in the drinking water for 3 weeks) and subsequently enhanced by transition to a concentrating state by giving normal drinking water again in combination with deamino-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP) for 5 days. Western blot analyses revealed that neither HSP73 nor HSP60 was influenced by any treatment. The HSP72 level in the medulla was markedly reduced (50%) when osmolality was lowered and increased when tonicity was high. RNAse protection assays showed that the effects on HSP72 are parallelled in general by changes in HSP72 mRNA. While levels of HSP25 were not influenced, isoelectric focusing revealed that the degree of phosphorylation of outer and inner medullary HSP25 increased following both treatments. It thus seems that HSP73 and HSP60 are not directly involved in the long-term adaptation to varying medullary osmolalities. The correlation between changes in osmolality and amounts of the major stress-inducible HSP72 in the medulla implies that medullary hypertonicity is stressful for kidney cells. Furthermore, adaptation to pronounced changes in the osmolality of the environment most likely involves phosphorylation of HSP25.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050572
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