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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antagonism of hypothermia and behavioral response to apomorphine: A simple, rapid and discriminating test for screening antidepressants and neuroleptics (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 84-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Apomorphine ; Hypothermia ; Antidepressants ; Neuroleptics ; Screening ; Stereotypy ; Verticalization ; Mice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The antagonism of hypothermia induced by two doses of apomorphine (1 or 16 mg/kg) is proposed as an improved screening test for both neuroleptics and antidepressants. Low dose apomorphine-induced hypothermia (1 mg/kg) differentiates sulpiride-like neuroleptics (which better antagonize this effect of apomorphine than other effects such as stereotyped behavior) from haloperidol-like drugs. The latter equally antagonize the two effects of apomorphine. The effects of sulpiride are also distinct from those of chlorpromazine-like drugs which strongly antagonize stereotyped behavior, but not hypothermia induced by apomorphine. Hypothermia induced by a high dose of apomorphine (16 mg/kg) is not antagonized by neuroleptics, but is strongly antagonized by antidepressants (imipramine-like drugs, amineptine, amoxapine, nomifensine, viloxazine) and potential antidepressants (beta-adrenergic stimulants). The use of these two tests rapidly screens both antidepressants and neuroleptics and classifies neuroleptics according to their profile of action on the dopaminergic system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433508
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxolinic acid and diazepam: Their reciprocal antagonism in rodents (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 67 (1980), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Oxolinic acid ; Diazepam ; GABA ; Stereotyped behavior ; Locomotor stimulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The stimulant effects of oxolinic acid were investigated in rats and mice. This drug, given orally, consistantly induced, in doses ranging from 16 to 256 mg·kg-1, locomotor stimulation and stereotyped behavior. These effects were antagonized by pimozide (1 mg·kg-1), α-methyltyrosine (64 mg·kg-1) or reserpine (4 mg·kg-1, 24 h before testing) pretreatment, suggesting a facilitatory role of oxolinic acid on catecholaminergic processes. Diazepam (4–16 mg·kg-1) reduced the stimulant effects induced by oxolinic acid but not those induced by amphetamine; oxolinic acid (8 mg·kg-1) markedly reduced the antipunishment effect elicited in rats by diazepam (2 mg·kg-1). Since benzodiazepines have been reported to enhance GABA functioning, these data suggest that oxolinic acid may impair GABA transmission. However, neither muscimol (0.5–1 mg·kg-1) or γ-acetylenic-GABA (16–64 mg·kg-1) selectively reduced the stimulant effects elicited by oxolinic acid. Therefore, the possible facilitation exerted by this drug on catecholaminergic systems may not derive from the release of an inhibitory GABAergic control.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427601
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The tail suspension test: A new method for screening antidepressants in mice (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 367-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Immobility test ; Antidepressants ; Screening method ; Mice
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A novel test procedure for antidepressants was designed in which a mouse is suspended by the tail from a lever, the movements of the animal being recorded. The total duration of the test (6 min) can be divided into periods of agitation and immobility. Several psychotropic drugs were studied: amphetamine, amttriptyline, atropine, desipramine, mianserin, nomifensine and viloxazine. Antidepressant drugs decrease the duration of immobility, as do psychostimulants and atropine. If coupled with measurement of locomotor activity in different conditions, the test can separate the locomotor stimulant doses from antidepressant doses. Diazepam increases the duration of immobility. The main advantages of this procedure are (1) the use of a simple, objective test situation, (2) the concordance of the results with the validated “behavioral despair” test from Porsolt and, (3) the sensitivity to a wide range of drug doses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428203
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