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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 9960-9965 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7005-7013 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Capacitance-voltage (C-V) analysis of high quality MBE grown quantum well samples shows that carrier distributions are averaged over the scale of the Debye length. This averaging process results in strongly temperature dependent C-V-deduced doping distributions that can be very different from the actual ones. The doping distribution of the structure is obtained by fitting numerically simulated curves to the measured C-V curves and doping profiles, respectively. Although the calculations do not take quantum size effects into account they show good agreement with the measured data. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3412-3415 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of bulk (AlyGa1−y)0.52In0.48P epilayers, covering the full range of compositions from y=0 to y=1, have been grown lattice matched on GaAs substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. Double crystal x-ray diffraction, and low temperature photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) optical spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structures. PL and PLE data indicate the direct-to-indirect energy gap crossover composition to be near y∼0.55 for this alloy system. From PLE, the y dependence of the (5 K) lowest energy direct gap, EΓ–Γ, has been found to be 2.014+0.499y+0.16y2 eV. EΓ–Γ (5 K) for the indirect-gap ternary end-member Al0.52In0.48P is directly determined to be 2.685 eV. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 10583-10594 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An efficient continuum model for simulating polymer blends and copolymers is presented. In this model, the interactions are short-range and purely repulsive, thus allowing for excellent computational performances. The driving force for phase separation is a difference in the repulsive interaction strength between like and unlike mers. The model consists essentially of a molecular-dynamics algorithm, supplemented by an appropriate Monte Carlo exchange process. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the model we study two systems, a symmetric binary blend of polymers and a symmetric diblock copolymer system. For the binary blend, we determine the phase diagram and find, as predicted by theory, that the critical interaction parameter scales with the inverse of the chain length of the polymers. For the diblock copolymer system, we study both the one-phase region and the microphase separated lamellar region. For the latter, we show that constant-pressure algorithms are more appropriate since, contrary to recent lattice simulations, the lamellar spacing can self-adjust in such an ensemble. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 5423-5430 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The measured amplitude M(q,t) in a pulsed field gradient spin echo experiment probes the pore structure using two length scales, the gradient length q−1, and the diffusion length [D(t)t]1/2. M(q,t) can be well represented by a convolution of the structure factor of the connected pore space with an appropriate Gaussian propagator. This ansatz provides a model-independent way of obtaining the structure factor. In this paper, we consider the forward problem of understanding the amplitude M(q,t) using the simplest possible models for the structure factors which involve only one length scale. The most prominent among the simple models is the Debye model, which provides us with an understanding of the various length scales in the problem. We study several other structure factors, all definable by a single parameter—collections of tubes, collections of sheets, and collections of impenetrable spheres. We discuss periodic geometries for which the ansatz becomes exact in the long time limit. Implications for a ball and stick model for the pore geometry are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 6 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Many so-called ‘technology transfer’ programs are based on the belief that the process is essentially one of communication rather than of innovation. As such, the designers and managers of such programs concern themselves with questions of how to transfer technology after it is already developed, rather than how to develop or adapt technology so that it is transferable. The net result, we believe, has been a very poor showing and a very low level of effectiveness. To design a successful transfer program one must develop a view of the flow of technology in an integrated innovation process, and this paper concludes with the presentation of a highly significant flow model in which the critical aspect is constant assessment of the non-technological factors during the entire course of the innovation cycle–including those related to marketing, regulations, capital and human resources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 6 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of aqueous solutions of 2-hydroxyacids of chain length C3 to C10 on the extensibility of undamaged and solvent-damaged guinea-pig footpad stratum corneum has been studied. The increase in extensibility of solvent-damaged corneum, caused by treatment with hydroxyacid, reached a maximum with 2-hydroxycaprylic acid (C8); on undamaged corneum, 2-hydroxycaprylic acid was the only hydroxyacid studied to give a significant effect. The increase in corneum extensibility produced by 2-hydroxyacids decreases when the pH is raised from 3 to 4. This loss of effect correlates with the ionization of the hydroxyacid (pK˜ 3.85).The binding of radiolabelled 2-hydroxycaproic (C6) and 2-hydroxycaprylic acids to stratum corneum has been studied. 2-Hydroxycaprylic acid binds much more strongly than 2-hydroxycaproic acid, the difference in the binding being consistent with the hydrophobic binding energy of two methylene groups. Raising the pH above 3.5 results in a large decrease in the binding of 2-hydroxycaprylic acid in line with the corresponding reduction in extensibility.Treatment with 2-hydroxyacids results in a small increase in the water-binding capacity of solvent-damaged stratum corneum, but in a decrease in the water-binding capacity of undamaged stratum corneum. These data are discussed in terms of a possible mechanism for the plasticizing of stratum corneum. Effet des 2-hydroxyacides sur la couche cornée du coussin des pattes de cobaye
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 91 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine whether fetal sex can be predicted from fetal DNA retrieved transcervically from the lower part of the uterine cavity in the first trimester of pregnancy.Design Prospective observational study.Setting St James's University Hospital, Leeds.Subjects 33 women undergoing legal termination of pregnancy at 9 to 13 weeks gestational age.Interventions Before termination of pregnancy samples for DNA analysis were obtained with cotton wool swabs from the vagina, cervix and transcervically in 26 women. In the other seven women samples were obtained using a transcervical cell retrieval (TraCeR) procedure involving flushing the lower uterine cavity with 5 ml saline.Main outcome measures Detection of Y-chromosome specific DNA sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in cotton wool swabs taken from the lower uterus in the first trimester of pregnancy to predict fetal sex in comparison with standard cytogenetic analysis. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of samples obtained by flushing of the lower uterine cavity (TraCeR) to confirm the presence of trophoblast.Results Fetal sex was predicted accurately in 25 of the 26 pregnancies investigated. Immunohistochemical analysis identified syncytial trophoblast fragments in all seven pregnancies investigated by TraCeR.Conclusion Trophoblast may be retrieved from the lower uterus in the first trimester by swabs or TraCeR. When purification of these syncytial fragments can be achieved using immuno-magnetic technology, this test will enable prenatal diagnosis of single gene defects in the fetus by the polymerase chain reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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