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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Liming impact on granules activity of the multiplate anaerobic reactor (MPAR) treating whey permeate (1995)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 12 (1995), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract A 19.2 l multiplate anaerobic reactor (MPAR) was used to assess the impact of lime (Ca(OH)2) on the anaerobic treatment of whey permeate effluents. The amount of Ca(OH)2 required to maintain the pH of the whey permeate around 5 ranged between 3.0 and 4.5 kg/m3, which corresponded to concentration varying between 1.62 and 2.43 kg/m3. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency exceeded 92% with a methane production rate of 6.7 m3/m3.d. at an organic loading rate (OLR) as high as 20 kg COD/m3.d. Extended operation of the MPAR resulted in the accumulation of significant amounts of calcium precipitates in the sludge bed which reached after three months of operation 0.19, 0.25 and 0.33 kg Ca2+ per kg of suspended solid (SS) in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. The volatile suspended solids to suspended solids ratio (VSS/SS) decreased from 0.83 in inoculum to 0.37, 0.22 and 0.08 in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. As a result, the soluble COD reduction and the methane production rate decreased to 31% and to 2.3 m3/m3.d. respectively, at OLR of 20 kg COD/m3.d.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112993
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of the starting microbial nucleus type on the anaerobic granulation dynamics (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 47 (1997), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract  The influence of four different granulation precursors, syntroph-enriched methanogenic consortia, Methanosaeta-enriched, Methanosarcina-enriched nuclei and acidogenic flocs, on the time course of complex granule development and the lag time for start-up was investigated in four upflow anaerobic sludge-bed and filter reactors. Although the operational conditions allowed the maintenance of the same specific growth rate of biomass in the four reactors, granulation proceeded rapidly with syntroph/methanogenic consortia, Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina nuclei. However, granulation was significantly retarded when acidogenic flocs were used as precursors. The granule mean Sauter diameter increased rapidly in the reactor inoculated with syntroph/methanogenic consortia, Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina nuclei and reached, at the end of the experiment, 3.1, 2.7 and 2.4 mm compared to 1.1 mm in that inoculated with acidogenic flocs. This corresponded to a rate of granule size increase of 31, 21, 18 μm/day in syntroph/methanogenic consortia, Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina nuclei, respectively, compared to 7 μm/day in acidogenic flocs. Biomass specific activities (i.e. acidogenic, syntrophic and methanogenic activities) increased stepwise in all reactors with time, especially in those inoculated with syntroph/methanogenic consortia and Methanosaeta nuclei. From these results it appears that syntrophs and Methanosaeta spp. play an important role in the anaerobic granulation process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050911
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of biodegradation of gasoline and its hydrocarbon constituents (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 49 (1998), S. 475-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Aerobic biodegradation of gasoline and its constituents, benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene were studied by an enrichment from soil indigenous microbial population. The enrichment culture completely degraded 16.1–660 mg/l gasoline in 2.5–16 days respectively, without accumulation of any by-products. The kinetics of gasoline as well as benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene biodegradation was investigated with initial gasoline concentrations of 16.1–62.6 mg/l. The maximum specific rates of biodegradation of benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene were 0.12, 0.38 and 0.19 mg mg biomass−1 day−1 respectively. When benzene and toluene were used as sole substrate, the maximum specific rates of their biodegradation were 62.9 and 16.4 times greater than the corresponding values for a mixture (gasoline). The microbial culture was able to mineralize up to 200 mg/l pure toluene and benzene. Maximum mineralization efficiencies of benzene and toluene were 76.7 ± 5.1% and 76.8 ± 1.3% respectively. Self-inhibition and competitive inhibition patterns were observed during the biodegradation of benzene and toluene alone and in the mixture respectively. The observed kinetics was modeled according to Andrews' inhibition model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051201
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fungal pretreatment by Phanerochaete chrysosporium to reduce the inhibition of methanogenesis by dehydroabietic acid (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 49 (1998), S. 538-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The white-rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F-1767 was tested for its capacity to degrade dehydroabietic acid (DHA). In anaerobic treatment, this molecule is the most recalcitrant member of the resin acid group, which is known to cause operational problems to anaerobic reactors treating pulp and paper industry wastewaters. In this study the effect of DHA on different parameters, such as growth, ligninolytic enzyme activity, extracellular protein production as well as both glycerol and ammonium consumption by the fungus, was determined. Although the above parameters were affected by the addition of DHA, the results show that the fungus could still produce significant titres of ligninolytic enzymes. The fungus removed 47% of the DHA initially present in the static culture, after 10 days of incubation. Anaerobic toxicity assays showed that the treatment of DHA with P. chrysosporium reduced the methanogenesis and acetogenesis inhibition caused by DHA and allowed improved methane production by the anaerobic bacteria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051210
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Liming impact on granules activity of the multiplate anaerobic reactor (MPAR) treating whey permeate (1995)
    Springer
    Bioprocess engineering 12 (1995), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0178-515X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract  A 19.2 l multiplate anaerobic reactor (MPAR) was used to assess the impact of lime (Ca(OH)2) on the anaerobic treatment of whey permeate effluents. The amount of Ca(OH)2 required to maintain the pH of the whey permeate around 5 ranged between 3.0 and 4.5 kg/m3, which corresponded to concentration varying between 1.62 and 2.43 kg/m3. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency exceeded 92% with a methane production rate of 6.7 m3/m3.d. at an organic loading rate (OLR) as high as 20 kg COD/m3.d. Extended operation of the MPAR resulted in the accumulation of significant amounts of calcium precipitates in the sludge bed which reached after three months of operation 0.19, 0.25 and 0.33 kg Ca2+ per kg of suspended solid (SS) in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. The volatile suspended solids to suspended solids ratio (VSS/SS) decreased from 0.83 in inoculum to 0.37, 0.22 and 0.08 in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. As a result, the soluble COD reduction and the methane production rate decreased to 31% and to 2.3 m3/m3.d. respectively, at OLR of 20 kg COD/m3.d.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112993
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Methanotroph and methanogen coupling in granular biofilm under O2-limited conditions (1986)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 18 (1986), S. 495-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary The co-culture between Methylosinus sporium, a strictly aerobic methanotroph, and strictly anaerobic methanogens was studied in 5 L aerobic/anaerobic coupled granular sludge reactors under O2-limited conditions. The methanogenic bacteria maintained very good metabolic activities and were able to produce sufficient methane which serviced as substrate for methanotrophic growth. Although other strictly aerobic population proliferated by two orders of magnitude after the granular sludge had been operated under O2-limited conditions for one month, only a limited amount of the added methanotroph remained in the sludge. This result may indicate that M. sporium lacks sufficient O2 affinity to compete with facultative bacteria for the dissolved O2 for their growth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00140190
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of anaerobic sludge using chitosan crosslinked with lignosulfonate (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 20 (1998), S. 45-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: cell immobilization; chitosan; anaerobic sludge; lignosulfonate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new method for immobilization of anaerobic sludge in chitosan is described. It is based on the reaction of basic NH2 groups of chitosan with the acidic sulfonic-groups of lignosulfonate to form sulfonilamide linkages. The new procedure features simplicity, low-cost and mild immobilization conditions. Batch tests of acetate consumption along with a continuous reactor operation confirmed the effectiveness of the immobilization technique for maintenance of long-term stability of the polymer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900473
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Performance and biomass retention of an upflow anaerobic reactor combining a sludge blanket and a filter (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary The performance and biomass retention of a 4.2 L new hybrid reactor (upflow blanket filter, UBF) at 27 °C were determined at loading rates of 5 to 51 g Chemical Oxygen Demand (C0D)/L.d with sugar wastes of 2500 mg C0D/L strength. Maximum removal rates of 34 g C0D/L.d and C0D removal efficiency of over 93% were reached. The packing was very efficient in retaining biomass.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00127032
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electron microscopic examination of the extracellular polymeric substances in anaerobic granular biofilms (1995)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Anaerobic granule ; electron microscopy ; extracellular polymeric substances
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Scanning electron microscopy revealed that collapsed extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) surrounded bacteria present in granular sludge. Treatment of granular sludge with whole-cell antiserum and staining with polycationic ferritin demonstrated that bacteria were enveloped by extensive EPS. Antibody stabilization permitted a visualization of the EPS which more closely resembled its natural hydrated state. The EPS was seen to completely fill the intercellular spaces in the microcolonies. Both pure and mixed microcolonies were observed to be enclosed by EPS. The presence of these large amounts of EPS indicates that this extracellular layer is important in maintaining the structural integrity of granular sludge.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286356
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Performance of an upflow anaerobic reactor combining a sludge blanket and a filter treating sugar waste (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 800-806 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A new hybrid reactor, the upflow blanket filter (UBF), which combined on open volume in the bottom two-thirds of the reactor for a sludge blanket and submerged plastic rings (Flexiring, Koch Inc., 235 m2/m3) in the upper one-third of the reactor volume, was studied. This UBF reactor was operated at 27°C at loading rates varying from 5 to 51 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L d with soluble sugar wastewater (2500 mg COD/L). Maximum removal rates of 34 g COD/L d and CH4 production rates of 7 vol/vol d [standard temperature and pressure (STP)] were obtained. The biomass activity was about 1.2 g COD/g volatile suspended solids per day. Conversion (based on effluent soluble COD) was over 93% with loading rates up to 26 g COD/L d. At higher loading rates conversion decreased rapidly. The packing was very efficient in retaining biomass.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270608
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