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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6331-6335 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Substrate bias voltages were found to be significantly effective in preparing high-quality laser-deposited superconducting Ba2Y1Cu3O7−δ films at reduced substrate temperatures. The zero-resistance temperature of the biased films, positive bias being more effective than negative, decreased very slightly when the substrate temperature was lowered, whereas that of the unbiased films decreased considerably. In addition, the surface morphology and c-axis orientation have been improved by applying substrate bias voltages. Bias voltages within ±500 V hardly affect the composition of the resulting films so that stoichiometric films have been obtained from a stoichiometric target. A time-resolved optical observation revealed that a short time emission, probably being oxygen plasma, occurred in a few μs after the laser pulse impingement. The improvement in crystallinity of the resulting films is attributed to this emission. The velocity of emissive species in the plume was determined to be 6×105 cm/s. Under positive-biased conditions slower components with a velocity of 3×105 cm/s or less were also observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5703-5705 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x films were fabricated by a reactive evaporation method using 10-mol-% O3 gas as an oxygen source. Mass spectroscopy measurement revealed that hydrogen gas was ejected from Y metal and Ba metal sources during evaporation. Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x film growth was adversely affected by the existence of this hydrogen gas, confirmed by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) observation. A streak RHEED pattern was maintained throughout evaporation only when the hydrogen partial pressure was smaller than 1×10−6 Torr. Only films grown under this condition showed superconducting behavior.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 2833-2835 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The dependence of the magnetization on the applied magnetic field direction was investigated at 5 K on superconducting thin films of YBa2Cu3O7−x prepared by ArF laser ablation with the c axis perpendicular to the film plane. The difference of the magnetic moment between the increasing and decreasing branches of the hysteresis curves at zero field depends on the angle θ between the film normal and the magnetic field as ||cos θ||. This result can be attributed to the magnetic moment perpendicular to the film plane.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 654-655 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The crystal growth mechanism in Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films has been revealed by sequential deposition with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) oxygen plasma using in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) observation. A series of RHEED patterns presents clear evidence that the unit cell of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O structure is completed as the Bi layers have sandwiched Sr, Ca, and Cu layers. This crystalline process is not an atomic layer by atomic layer growth but a "unit cell by unit cell'' growth.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 928-930 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The epitaxial growth of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films was achieved by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The film-MgO substrate interface has been examined and discussed using the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. On the smooth surface of the MgO substrate, the lattice of the film was ordered from the first atomic layer on the surface of the substrate, and the misfit dislocations caused by the large lattice mismatch between the film and the MgO substrate appeared every four or five lattices. The first Bi2O2 layer on the substrate surface was found to be regularly arranged regardless of the roughness of the substrate surface. The x-ray diffraction patterns of the films as a function of the growth time showed that the high Tc phase (Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox) was not formed in the early stage of the growth while its amount increased as the growth was prolonged. These results suggest that the high Tc phase is not directly grown but formed via the low Tc phase (Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox) or semiconducting phase (Bi2Sr2CuOx) with the thermal diffusion limited growth of Cu-O and Ca layers. Even an 8-nm-thick film was found to be free of the compressive stress forming misfit dislocations observed in the transmission electron microscope photograph of the thicker film, since the length of the c axis in the 8-nm-thick film is not enlarged from the result of the x-ray diffraction pattern.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 304-307 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A frequency shift of ω1F/2π=1.45 MHz is obtained for a 337-μm HCN laser beam by use of a rotating grating fabricated on the top of the rotor of a turbomolecular pump with a high rotating speed of 43200 rpm (super rotating grating). The frequency shift is one order higher than those with usual rotating gratings. Using this as a local beam, heterodyne detection of low-frequency microturbulence as well as high time resolution interferometry in plasmas becomes possible with a single far-infrared laser. The frequency-shifted beam is slightly frequency modulated (modulation index Mf(approximately-equal-to)1.2) with a period equal to the rotation period of the grating. This frequency modulation does no harm to these diagnostics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2950-2952 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Direct observations of ions in the laser plume of YBa2Cu3O7−δ impinging onto a substrate surface revealed the increase of heavy species in the plume after multiple laser pulses on the YBa2Cu3O7−δ target. The beginning of heavy species emission from the target was observed at around 100 laser beam pulses (1 J/cm2) in our experiments. Particulate formation at the film surface was observed in the film deposited under this condition.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 514-516 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A four-channel YBa2Cu3O7−y thin film dc SQUID magnetometer was fabricated. Biomagnetic measurements were performed by using the four-channel system at 77 K in a magnetically shielded room. We have successfully measured four-channel magnetocardiac signals clearly in real-time mode. The best magnetic field resolution of the four SQUIDs was 370 fT/Hz1/2 at 10 Hz and 200 fT/Hz1/2 in the white noise region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 3333-3335 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Pseudomorphic structures containing β(3C)-SiC and 2H-AlN have been grown on vicinal α(6H)-SiC(0001) at 1050 °C by plasma-assisted, gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. Reflection-high energy electron diffraction and cross-sectional high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed all layers to be monocrystalline. The AlN layers were uniform in thickness. Defects in these layers initiated at steps on the 6H-SiC film. The 3C-SiC layers contained a high density of stacking faults and microtwins caused primarily by the interfacial stresses generated by the mismatch in lattice parameters between AlN and β-SiC coupled with the very low stacking fault energy of SiC. This is the first report of the deposition of single crystal SiC/AlN/SiC thin film heterostructures on any substrate as well as the first report of the epitaxial growth of single crystal layers of binary materials with three different crystal structures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1383-1385 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: An a-axis oriented 400 A(ring) YBa2Cu3O7−δ film has been epitaxially deposited on a NdGaO3 (110) substrate by rf magnetron sputtering using a single YBa2Cu5Ox target. An excitation frequency of 94.92 MHz, seven times as high as the conventionally used 13.56 MHz, results in a lower self-bias voltage which reduces degradation of films caused by resputtering due to negatively charged oxygen. Sharp streaks corresponding to the c-axis lattice parameter of YBa2Cu3O7−δ have been observed by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, showing that the c-axis is parallel to the surface of the NdGaO3 substrate and the film surface is smooth on an atomic scale. The crystallinity has been characterized by Rutherford backscattering channeling analysis. A minimum yield, χmin of 3.2%, has confirmed excellent crystallinity of the a-axis oriented film.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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