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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (7)
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Determination of low molecular weight carbohydrates in marine environments indicated that 1-O-β-D-galactosylglycerol, 6-O-α-D-galactosyl-1-O-β-D-galacto-sylglycerol, sucrose, laminaribiose and laminaritriose are widely distributed in seawaters, suspended and sinking particles, and sediments in coastal as well as in deep-sea waters [e.g. Mikawa Bay and Sagami Bay, Kumano Nada (offshore Japan), and northwest North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea and Antarctic Ocean: collections during 1978–1984]. Identification of these glycosylglycerols and oligosaccharides in algal cells such as a flagellate (Olisthodisus luteus), blue-green algae (e.g.Trichodesmium sp.) and a diatom (Reptocylindrus denicus) strongly suggests that these sugars are photosynthetically produced by algae in the euphotic zone and are then rapidly transported to the deep sea as sinking particles which can be collected by sediment-trap experiments. The rapid decay rate of low molecular weight carbohydrates by microorganisms suggests that the transported sugars provide energy substrates for microorganisms living in the deep sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A polarizing undulator has been constructed utilizing crossed and retarded magnetic fields that can provide arbitrary polarized radiation. The absolute brightness and polarization characteristics have been studied in the visible region from 350–700 nm at 230 MeV of stored electron energy by varying the observation angle θ. Any desired elliptically polarized radiation was obtainable by adjusting the retardation between the two pairs of magnet arrays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 580-582 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple and flexible method is presented for generating a partially coherent light which obtains the highly smooth focused beam pattern. The beam divergence of 32 times diffraction limited light having a spectral width of 1.6 nm has been easily and reproducibly achieved by injecting a laser pulse from an actively mode-locked Nd:YLF oscillator to a single mode optical fiber, coupled to a multimode optical fiber. Temporal evolution of the beam smoothing due to the induced incoherency was examined with temporally resolved measurements of the beam pattern. The partially coherent light was focused through a random phase plate after the amplification. Small-scale intensity perturbation in a focused beam pattern was greatly reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 81 (1990), S. 53-58 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vasopressin ; Oxytocin ; Adrenocorticotrophic hormone ; Emotional stress ; Opioid ; Prolactin ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (NAL), were studied on the changes in pituitary hormone secretion induced by emotional stress. Male Wistar rats were trained with tone stimuli paired with electric footshocks and tested with the tone and environmental cue signals for emotional stress of fear acquired by learning as described previously (Onaka et al. 1988). Rats received s.c. injected NAL 30 min before testing at doses of 0, 0.2, 1.0, 5.0 and 25.0 mg/kg b.w. Half the rats were injected with 0.5 M NaCl (20 ml/kg b.w.) together with NAL. In these hypertonic rats plasma vasopressin level was slightly increased after NAL. The increment was statistically significant in control groups but not in experimental groups. However the suppression of vasopressin secretion by emotional stimuli was not changed by NAL. Plasma oxytocin levels were extremely high and not significantly different among experimental, unshocked control and untested control groups. NAL further increased the oxytocin level dose-dependently. NAL did not significantly change plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) levels and hence did not modify the augmentative response in ACTH secretion to emotional stimuli. Plasma prolactin level was significantly elevated after emotional stimuli and NAL depressed the prolactin level in each of experimental and control groups. After NAL, the magnitude of the facilitatory response in prolactin secretion to emotional stimuli was decreased. Motor activity and its suppressive response to emotional stimuli were not influenced by NAL. In another half of rats under a normal osmotic condition the vasopressin response to emotional stimuli was not affected by NAL. NAL further augmented potentiation of oxytocin secretion after emotional stimuli dose-dependently. Effects of NAL on ACTH level, prolactin level and motor activity were similar to those in rats under hypertonic conditions. These results demonstrate that endogenous opioids are selectively and differentially involved in hypothalamo-hypophysial responses to fear-related emotional stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Corpora allata ; juvenile hormone biosynthesis ; allatostatins ; phosphoramidon ; enkephalinase ; cockroach ; Diploptera punctata ; ELISA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Use of the enkephalinase inhibitor phosphoramidon in the in vitro radiochemical assay for juvenile hormone biosynthesis enhanced allatostatin-mediated inhibition of hormone production by corpora allata of the cockroach,Diploptera punctata. Significant increases in inhibition in day 2 virgin female CA by AST 1 (at 10−7 M) and AST 4 (10−8–10−7 M) were observed in the presence of phosphoramidon (10−5M or greater). No significant increases in inhibition were seen in CA from day 6 mated females with AST 4 (10−9–10−7M) and phosphoramidon combined. Phosphoramidon alone had no effect on JH biosynthesis. Analysis of allatostatin content of the CA, as determined by ELISA, revealed that addition of phosphoramidon to the medium increased the endogenous allatostatin conten in CA of virgin and mated females. The similarity in primary structure between allatostatins and enkephalin-like peptides and their similar distribution makes it probable that phosphoramidon acts by preventing breakdown of allatostatins within the CA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Octopamine ; Juvenile hormone ; cAMP ; Cockroach ; Electrophysiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Juvenile hormone production by the corpora allata of the adult female cockroach, Diploptera punctata, can be modulated by treatment with the biogenic amine, octopamine. Endogenous octopamine has been identified within the CA, using HPLC and electrochemical detection. Treatment with octopamine results in a sinusoidal, dose-dependent inhibition of JH biosynthesis by CA from day 2 virgin females, with maximal inhibition occurring at 10-10 M and 10-4 M. In day 4 and day 8 mated female corpora allata octopamine inhibited JH biosynthesis at 5·10-5 M. Although the elevation of either cAMP or cGMP within the CA is known to be associated with an inhibition of JH biosynthesis, treatment with high concentrations of octopamine results in an increase in the level of cAMP but not cGMP. This effect is both dose- and time-dependent. Octopamine treatment also initiates changes in the passive membrane responses of the CA. Superfusion of CA with octopamine results in a pronounced hyperpolarization of CA cells and an increase in the electrotonic potential (indicative of the degree of electrical coupling between CA cells). This effect could be blocked by the octopamine receptor blocker phentolamine. Treatment with octopamine or phentolamine also blocked the hyperpolarization of CA cells normally associated with electrical stimulation of the axon tracts innervating the CA. We hypothesize that octopamine may be a natural neuromodulator of JH production by CA, regulating ion channels in CA cells themselves as well as release of the inhibitory neuropeptide, allatostatin, from the terminals within the CA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 10 (1993), S. 315-315 
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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