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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ETA and ETB Specific Ligands Synergistically Antagonize Endothelin-1 Binding to an Atypical Endothelin Receptor in Primary Rat Astrocytes (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 70 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Using a whole-cell binding procedure with long incubations at low temperature and subsequent acid stripping, we have characterized an atypical endothelin (ET) receptor in primary rat cortical astrocyte cultures. We found the following: (a) no competition for 125I-ET-1 binding by the ETA antagonists BQ-123 and LU 135252 or the ETB agonist IRL 1620; (b) weak competition by the ETB antagonist BQ-788 and by the predominant ETB ligand ET-3; (c) potent synergistic competition of ETA and ETB ligands in combination for 125I-ET-1 binding; (d) potent competition of ET-1 with any of the radioligands used, 125I-ET-1, 125I-IRL 1620, and [3H]BQ-123; (e) lack of competition of IRL 1620 and BQ-123 with the respective other radioligand; (f) shifting of the amount of acid-strippable 125I-ET-1 binding from 20 to 80% by ETB ligands and to 4% by ETA ligands; and (g) as a control, typical ETA and ETB binding characteristics of the RAT-1 fibroblast and the U373MG astrocytoma cell line, respectively, under our assay conditions. The unusual binding properties of astrocytic ET receptors described in this study appear to be the result of several binding sites in the receptor for different ET ligands or ligand epitopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70020473.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental Outcome of Infants Born with Biological and Psychosocial Risks (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 38 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The significance of prenatal and perinatal complications (biological risk) and of family adversity (psychosocial risk) on early child development was examined in a prospective study. Developmental outcome of 350 infants was assessed by measures of motor, cognitive, and social-emotional functioning at 3, 24, and 54 months. Results indicated a differential impact of risk factors on specific outcomes. Whereas psychosocial risks became more prominent with growing age and were related to poorer child outcome in all areas of functioning, biological risks decreased in influence and predominantly resulted in poorer motor development. The contributions of biological and psychosocial risks on outcomes were additive. A number of individual risk factors emerged as significant predictors of later maladaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01602.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Reactions of an (Aryloxy)titanium(IV) Hydride (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Organometallics 14 (1995), S. 4601-4610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00010a026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microfabrication in Biology and Medicine (1999)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 1 (1999), S. 401-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-9829
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Technology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Microfabrication uses integrated-circuit manufacturing technology supplemented by its own processes to create objects with dimensions in the range of micrometers to millimeters. These objects can have miniature moving parts, stationary structures, or both. Microfabrication has been used for many applications in biology and medicine. These applications fall into four domains: tools for molecular biology and biochemistry, tools for cell biology, medical devices, and biosensors. Microfabricated device structures may provide significantly enhanced function with respect to a conventional device. Sometimes microfabrication can enable devices with novel capabilities. These enhancing and enabling qualities are conferred when microfabrication is used appropriately to address the right types of problems. Herein, we describe microfabrication technology and its application to biology and medicine. We detail several classes of advantages conferred by microfabrication and how these advantages have been used to date.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.1.1.401
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gloeobacter violaceus— investigation of an unusual photosynthetic apparatus. Absence of the long wavelength emission of photosystem I in 77 K fluorescence spectra (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 94 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The deeply purple cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus is subject of this investigation. It does not contain thylakoids, and the photosynthetic apparatus is located in the only membrane of the cell, the plasma membrane. Upon excitation with blue light, the 77 K fluorescence emission spectra of neither intact cells (excited with 427 nm) nor of the isolated plasma membrane (excited with 430 nm), show the expected long wavelength photosystem I emission characteristic for low energy chlorophylls. Maximal fluorescence emission was observed at 688 nm. independent on the excitation wavelength, 427 (430) nm blue light, exciting mainly chlorophyll, or 550 nm green light, exciting mainly phycoerythin. The ratio of P700 to chlorophyll was 175. O2-evolution was 160 μmol mg-1 chlorophyll h-1 in saturating white light; the compensation point was reached at 6 μmol m2 s-1 in cultures grown at 25 μmol m2 s-1. Dark O2 uptake was 50 μmol mg-1 chlorophyll h-1. During adaptation to increasing white light intensities Gloeobacter reduces the amount of phycocyanin and chlorophyll per cell and strongly increases the concentration of carotenoids relative to chlorophyll. The carotenoid concentration per cell increases with increasing light intensity. Apparently, part of the carotenoids is not located in the plasma membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1995.tb00976.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sleep in Adolescents with Primary Major Depression and Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 36 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract— The present study aimed at investigating the question whether abnormalities of sleep, especially disinhibition of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, are already present in adolescents with primary major depressive disorder (MDD). Ten healthy controls assessed at home, 10 inpatients with MDD and 10 inpatients with schizophrenia (age range: 13–19 years) were investigated polysomnographically. REM latency was significantly shortened in MDD compared with the two other groups. Adolescents with MDD did not display disturbances of sleep continuity as typically observed in adults with major depression. The most pronounced impairment of sleep continuity was noted in schizophrenic patients. The results stress that shortened REM latency may already occur in adolescent depression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01827.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Order–disorder phenomena determined by high-resolution powder diffraction: the structures of tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)methane C[Si(CH3)3]4 and tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)silane Si[Si(CH3)3]4 (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 1014-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The compounds tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)methane C[Si(CH3)3]4 (TC) and tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)silane Si[Si(CH3)3]4 (TSi) have crystal structures with the molecules in a cubic closed-packed (c.c.p.) stacking. At room temperature both structures have space group Fm{\bar 3}m (Z = 4) with a = 13.5218 (1) Å, V = 2472.3 (1) Å3 for TSi, and a = 12.8902 (2) Å, V = 2141.8 (1) Å3 for TC. X-ray scattering data can be described by a molecule with approximately sixfold orientational disorder, ruling out a structure with free rotating molecules. Upon cooling, TSi exhibits a first-order phase transition at Tc = 225 K, as is characterized by a jump of the lattice parameter of Δa = 0.182 Å and by an exothermal maximum in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with ΔH = 11.7 kJ mol−1 and ΔS = 50.0 J mol−1 K−1. The structure of the low-temperature phase is refined against X-ray powder data measured at 200 K. It has space group P213 (Z = 4), a = 13.17158 (6) Å and V = 2285.15 (2) Å3. The molecules are found to be ordered as a result of steric interactions between neighboring molecules, as is shown by analyzing distances between atoms and by calculations of the lattice energy in dependence on the orientations of the molecules. TC has a phase transition at Tc1 = 268 K, with Δa1 = 0.065 Å, ΔH1 = 3.63 kJ mol−1 and ΔS1 = 13.0 J mol−1 K−1. A second first-order phase transition occurs at Tc2 = 225 K, characterized by Δa2 = 0.073 Å, ΔH2 = 6.9 kJ mol−1 and ΔS2 = 30.0 J mol−1 K−1. The phase transition at higher temperature has not been reported previously. New NMR experiments show a small anomaly in the temperature dependence of the peak positions in NMR to occur at Tc2. Rietveld refinements were performed for the low-temperature phase measured at T = 150 K [space group P213, lattice parameter a = 12.609 (3) Å], and for the intermediate phase measured at T = 260 K [space group Pa{\bar 3}, lattice parameter a = 12.7876 (1) Å]. The low-temperature phase of TC is formed isostructural to the low-temperature phase of TSi. In the intermediate phase the molecules exhibit a twofold orientational disorder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768199006126
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combination of energy minimizations and rigid-body Rietveld refinement: the structure of 2,5-dihydroxybenzo[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-7-one (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 32 (1999), S. 178-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of the yellow pigment 2,5-dihydroxybenzo[de]benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-7-one (C18H10N2O3) was determined from powder data. The crystal structure was solved by minimizing the intermolecular energy starting from random packings. Subsequently, the structure was refined by rigid-body Rietveld analysis, using synchrotron powder data. The refinement included several intramolecular degrees of freedom. The compound crystallizes in Pna21, Z\,=\,4, with lattice parameters a\,=\,13.2759 (3), b\,=\,20.9561 (5), c\,=\,4.7798 (1) Å, and V\,=\,1329.79 (5) Å3. The crystal consists of planar molecules, connected by hydrogen bonds of the types O–H...OH and O–H...N, which form a three-dimensional hydrogen-bond network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889898011157
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA-binding properties of the yeast SWI/SNF complex (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 379 (1996), S. 844-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A gel retardation assay was used to test whether the purified yeast SWI/SNF complex binds DNA. The data in Fig. 1 show that the SWI/SNF complex binds with high affinity to promoter sequences from both SWI-dependent (SUC2 and ADH2) and SWI-independent (CYC1) genes (Fig. la). Based on the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/379844a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Irregular variations in the melting point of size-selected atomic clusters (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 393 (1998), S. 238-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Small particles have a lower melting point than bulk material. The physical cause lies in the fact that small particles have a higher proportion of surface atoms than larger particles—surface atoms have fewer nearest neighbours and are thus more weakly bound and less constrained in their ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/30415
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