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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alarm substances of the stingless bee,Trigona silvestriana (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 409-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Alarm substances ; nest defense ; 2-heptanol ; 2-nonanol ; mandibular gland ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; Meliponinae ; stingless bees ; Trigona silvestriana
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract 2-Nonanol, 2-heptanol, octyl decanoate, and octyl octanoate were identified from the heads ofTrigona silvestriana workers. When presented at the nest, 2-nonanol, 2-heptanol, and the mixture of the four compounds elicited angular flights, landing, and buzzing of guard bees. Octyl octanoate elicited a weaker response. No response was given to octyl decanoate, to the ether solvent, or to the control volatile, vanillin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989552
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nerol: An alarm substance of the stingless bee,Trigona fulviventris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 1167-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Alarm substance ; nest defense ; nerol ; mandibular gland ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; Meliponinae ; stingless bees ; Trigona fulviventris ; Apiomerus pictipes ; Hemiptera ; Reduviidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Bees of the genusTrigona and subgenusTrigona possess volatile materials in their mandibular glands, used as alarm substances and as marking pheromones. Heads of workers ofTrigona fulviventris were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The two major volatile components were nerol (∼ 50%), and octyl caproate (∼ 20%). Relative to other substances tested at a Costa Rican nest, treatments containing 20 μg of nerol attractedT. fulviventris, depressed numbers of bees leaving the nest by about 50%, and elicited wing vibration and biting. The responses were similar to those obtained with the contents of one worker head. Attraction and biting were also seen in response to captures of colony members by assassin bugs (Apiomerus pictipes) outside a nest entrance; one bee responded in about 15% of the captures. This alarm behavior, although weak, is of interest since it was thought thatT. fulviventris was unusual for its subgenus in its lack of nest defense behaviors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990750
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inertia-preserving secant updates (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 62 (1989), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Schlagwort(e): Inertia-preserving updates ; secant updates ; Broyden updates ; optimally conditioned updates ; SR1 update
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract A class of rank-two, inertia-preserving updates for symmetric matricesH c is studied. To ensure that inertia is preserved, the updates are chosen to be of the formH +=FH c F t, whereF=I+qr t, withq andr selected so that the secant equation is satisfied. A characterization is given for all such updates. Using a parameterization of this family of updates, the connection between them and the Broyden class of updates is established. Also, parameter selection criteria that can be used to choose the optimally conditioned update or the update closest to the SR1 update are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939626
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inertia-preserving secant updates (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 68 (1991), S. 203-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Schlagwort(e): Inertia-preserving updates ; secant updates ; Broyden updates ; optimally conditioned updates ; SRI update
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Corrections to the last two equations of Ref. 1 are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939942
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