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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin receptors ; fluorescein-conjugated insulin ; fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis ; heterogeneity in insulin receptor density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The diversity in insulin receptor expression within eukaryotic cell populations can be studied with fluorochrome conjugated reagents with high affinity to the insulin receptor in combination with flow cytometry. We studied the optimal conditions for application of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated insulin in combination with the fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) to analyse insulin receptor expression, and also studied the feasibility of this method for identifying and isolating viable subsets with differences in insulin receptor expression within a cell population. Semisynthetic human insulin was conjugated to FITC, which resulted in at least four types of FITC-insulin molecules with different affinities to the insulin receptor. Each type of FITC-insulin was isolated by semipreparative reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The preparation with a fluorescein/ protein ratio of ∼1.0 was found to have the highest affinity to the receptor, the highest biological activity (∼50% of native insulin), and similar antigenicity as native insulin. The optimal staining conditions with respect to pH, time of incubation, and cell number were determined, and were different in some aspects from labelling with 125I-insulin. The binding of FITC-insulin to cells was saturable and could be displaced with unlabelled insulin. The fluorescence signal could be converted to absolute numbers of fluorescein molecules by a calibration curve, and the absolute number of specifically bound FITC-insulin molecules calculated from a F/P ratio ∼1.0. The FITC-insulin/FACS method permits estimation of the total number of insulin receptors (high plus low affinity), and the data obtained correlate well with the results from Scatchard plot of 125I-insulin binding data. However, the latter method also permits selective detection of the number of high affinity insulin receptors, which cannot be done with FITC-insulin/ FACS that has a lower level for detection of fluorescence on ∼2000–3000 fluorescein molecules per cell. The FITC-insulin/FACS methodology permitted identification and isolation of viable cellular subsets within a cell population as based on the number of insulin receptors and was also used to study variations in insulin receptor density in human leucocytes. The method should make it possible to perform a number of hitherto unfeasible analyses of the biology of insulin receptor expression on eukaryotic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of 21 weeds acting as hosts of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), temperature, thrips population and diversity on disease progress in chrysanthemum cv. Polaris were studied. Under greenhouse conditions, only Taraxacum officinale, Bidens sp., Resedaluteola and Mirabilis jalapa were hosts for TSWV. Of 38 weeds species in the area surrounding a chrysanthemum field, Tithonia tubaeformis and R. luteola had the highest populations of adult and immature thrips. These weeds, as well as M. jalapa, had an extensive seasonal distribution and may play a key role in the disease progress. Seventeen thrips species belonging to the genera Bravothrips, Thrips and Frankliniella were identified on weed flowers, with Frankliniella occidentalis (FOC) representing 9.5% of all thrips identified. Of 123 thrips collected from chrysanthemum inflorescences, 9.75% were FOC, and only 2.5% of them transmitted TSWV. Of all the thrips species collected from chrysanthemum flowers in the field, only FOC was capable of transmitting TSWV. On 120 experimental plots established at two sites, with three transplanting dates (June, July and August), it was estimated that 1.25% of the chrysanthemum cuttings were already infected with TSWV when transplanted. Secondary spread, vectored by FOC, occurred only for the earliest transplanting date and resulted in a further 2.36% disease incidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim was to compare IgE and IgG4, RAST-inhibition assay (RI), monoclonal antibody ELISA (Mab-ELISA), counter current immuno electrophoresis (CCIE) and histamine release from basophil leukocytes (HR) for allegen quantification with special reference to aeroallergen detection. As components of indoor acroallergens, cat, dog, and Derm. pter. allergen extracts were selected for the experiments. To evaluate unspecific interference, these allergens were compared mutually and with Cladosporium herbarum. Allergen extracts in varying dilutions were mixed with crushed glass fibre filter materials, eluted, recovered by centrifugation, and allergen concentration quantified by the assays. Equal sensitivity was found for both IgE- and IgG4-RI assaying eat allergen (in the range 5 − 50 SQ-U/ml) and dog allergen (in the range 102− 103 SQ-U/ml). The IgG4-RI assaying Derm. pter, was more sensitive (50 SQ-U/ml) than IgE-RI (2*103 SQ-U/ml). The ranges of allergen detection limits for the Mab-ELISA were equal for cat and Derm. pter. (10 – 102 SQ-U/ml). The range of allergen detection limits for CCIE, assaying dog were 104− 105 SQ-U/ml. The ranges of allergen detection limits for HR were equal for eat and Derm. pter. (10 – 102 SQ-U/ml), and 102− 103 SQ-U/ML for dog. Because of cross-reactivity, a minor degree of interference was observed in the IgE-RI and the HR test for the highest concentration of cat and dog allergens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Wickman M, Nordvall SL, Pershagen G, Korsgaard J, Johansen N, Sundell J. Mite allergens during 18 months of intervention.In Stockholm, Sweden, 17 children with newly diagnosed sensitization to house-dust mites (HDM) and 11 children with previously diagnosed HDM-sensitization were included in a study of HDM-allergen avoidance. Mattress dust was collected on repeated occasions during 18 months and assayed for concentration of major HDM allergens. During the first 12 months, the parents of the intervention group were instructed to intensify cleaning and airing of the child's bedroom. During the last 6 months of the study, the mattresses and pillows of seven children in the intervention group and sibling controls were encased in semipermeable polyurethane covers. The homes exhibited a high absolute indoor humidity throughout the year, and even during the winter the mean levels exceeded 7 g/kg. No mite allergen reduction was seen in the intervention group during the first year. However, among the newly diagnosed HDM-sensitized children, there was a mean reduction of the mattress mite allergen concentration of 83% (P= 0.02), and this was most pronounced in the homes with low humidity. At the end of the mattress encasement period, an average difference of 98% (P〈 0.001) was found between the vacuumed amount of mite allergen on top of the covers and that underneath.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 76 (1982), S. 51-56 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fresh frozen tissue sections of human articular cartilage was treated without and with human testicular hyaluronidase (2×106 units/l) for 60 min at 37° C and stained by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique with rabbit antihuman fibronectin. The rabbit antihuman fibronectin was purified by affinity chromatography on human fibronectin-Sepharose. Fibronectin was only found on the acellular surface of the articular cartilage in tissue sections not treated with hyaluronidase. In this surface layer, probably identical to “lamina splendens”, the arrangement of fibronectin was as a membrane. No collagen was seen in this area by van Gieson staining. No staining for fibronectin was found in the cartilage matrix or in the chondrocytes. Treatment of the cartilage tissue with hyaluronidase resulted in visualization of high amount of fibronectin in the cartilage matrix, with the highest intensity around the chondrocytes. The staining of the acellular surface layer of the articular cartilage was identical with the results obtained without hyaluronidase treatment. These results indicate that articular cartilage is rich in fibronectin probably in complex with hyaluronic acid, and that the chondrocytes produce fibronectin in situ. It also demonstrates the steric hindrance of hyaluronic acid aggregates in diffusion of the antibody and the value of hyaluronidase treatment of tissue before demonstration of fibronectin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A monospecific antibody to a plasminogen Kringle 4-binding tetramer protein of human blood, tetranectin, was applied to various human endocrine tissues employing the peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining technique. Endocrine cells with a known protein or glycoprotein hormonal production such as chromophils (pituitary), follicular and parafollicular cells (thyroid), chief cells (parathyroid), hepatocytes (liver), islet cells (pancreas) and ganglion cells of the adrenal medulla displayed a convincing, positive staining reaction for tetranectin, which varied from cell to cell within the different tissues. The liver showed a distinct and universal reaction within almost all hepatocytes, thus raising suspicion of producing the bulk of tetranectin to the blood. Tetranectin has recently been characterized as a lectin-like protein with amino acid sequence homology to the core protein of a rat chondrosarcoma proteoglycan. Proteoglycans have been demonstrated in secretory granules of rat pituitary and pancreatic islet cells, where they probably serve as modulators in hormonal production. The granular, cytoplasmic immunohistochemical localization of tetranectin demonstrated in this study combined with the fact that tetranectin is known to attach to plasminogen and promote plasminogen activation catalysed by tissue plasminogen activator suggests that this protein might have a dual function, serving both as a regulator in the seretion of certain hormones and as a participant in the regulation of the limited proteolysis, which is considered important for the activation of prohormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 125 (1997), S. 31-48 
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Two sets of 50 samples of the displacement response of the top traverse relative to the second traverse of an experimental shear frame with three traverses subject to white noise base shaking of two different intensities have been recorded at Institut für Allgemeine Mechanik in 1995, and are in file available for analysis. The column connection between the two top traverses were made of aluminum with a linear-elastic non-ideal plastic behavior, and the columns were therefore renewed after each experiment. The two other connections were made of steel with a purely linear-elastic behavior. By use of the measured displacement-retaining force relation for the aluminum connection the plastic displacement responses were isolated from the sample records. From the obtained samples of plastic displacement records various distributions were estimated as well as the time development of the variance of the plastic displacement process. This paper presents a determination of the experimentally estimated statistical properties of the plastic response by use of Slepian model process theory as the basis for a numerical simulation algorithm. Solely the given defining parameters of the experimental frame are used in the calculations, i.e. the given displacement-retaining force relations, the traverse masses, the modal damping ratios for the vibrations within the elastic domain, and the two white noise excitation intensities, all as measured. First the Slepian model process method is applied to a single degree of freedom oscillator with linear-elastic non-ideal plastic displacement restoring force relation. The method is based on a direct generalization of the Slepian model process method that quite successfully has been developed for the linear-elastic ideal-plastic oscillator. Next the method is modified to be applicable on an oscillator of more than one degree of freedom. Applied to the experimental frame the calculations give excellent predictions of the main distributional properties of the plastic displacement process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 625-630 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Open-tubular (capillary) columns ; Comparison of liquid phases ; Influence of temperature ; Retention index data
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The influence of temperature and liquid phase film thickness of open-tubular (capillary) columns on the retention index values of hydrocarbons on methylsilicone liquid phases is discussed. Data obtained on methylsilicones and squalane are compared. Retention index values of 43 hydrocarbons between 40 and 70 °C on OV-101 liquid phase are listed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 7 (1984), S. 487-489 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Multi-dimensional technique ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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