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Digitale Medien

The −308G/A polymorphism of TNF-α influences immunological parameters in old subjects affected by infectious diseases (2005)

Cipriano, C. ; Caruso, C. ; Lio, D. ; [weitere]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

International journal of immunogenetics 32 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1744-313X

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Biologie , Medizin

Notizen: Abnormal increments of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) characterize the outbreak of infectious diseases, which are the major cause of death in the elderly. A counterbalance to the inflammation is exerted by IL-10 with an inhibitory role on TNF-α production. As is well known, some cytokine gene polymorphisms influence the cytokine production, playing a role as susceptibility or resistance factors against immune-mediated and infectious disease. Genetic variations in the −308A/G locus for TNF-α seems to affect the clinical outcome of some infectious diseases. In fact, the −308A allele is associated with severe septic shock and death. On this basis, we have screened healthy old subjects, nonagenarians and old patients affected by the acute phase of chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchopneumonia of bacteria origin for the −308G/A locus (PCR–RFLP). Subjects are grouped in A+ (AG, AA genotypes) and A– (GG genotype) and data on IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, NK cell cytotoxicity, zinc and metallothioneins (MTs) gene expression (RT–PCR) were stratified according to different TNF-α genotypes. The frequency of the A allele was increased in infected patients in comparison with healthy old controls. No differences existed between A+ and A– young adult, old and nonagenarian controls in tested parameters. Conversely, A+-infected patients displayed elevated IL-6, TNF-α and MTmRNA, low IL-10 coupled with impaired NK cell cytotoxicity and lower zinc ion than A– patients. However, the data reported are gender independent. Therefore, the −308A polymorphism at the locus of TNF-α may be one of the susceptibility factor for infectious diseases in old persons, particularly considering its association to the increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the reduction of zinc release and MTs synthesis involved in the control of the inflammatory response. These data strongly suggest that the genetic screening of the −308G/A polymorphism may be a valid tool for identification of subjects needing a more appropriate therapy when affected by acute and/or recurrent infectious diseases.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.2005.00490.x

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Digitale Medien

Implantation of the nail plate in plastic surgery (1997)

Fontana, A. M. ; Muti, E.

Springer

European journal of plastic surgery 20 (1997), S. 33-36

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ISSN: 1435-0130

Schlagwort(e): Nail plate ; Support ; Eyelids ; Ear

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract A series of cases are presented to illustrate the possible uses of the nail plate as an alternative support in reconstruction of some free edges (nasal ala, eyelid, auricle of the ear), and laminar bone parts, such as the floor of the orbit. This technique was used experimentally by the authors many years ago and has subsequently been used in clinical practice.