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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thimerosal positivities: patch testing to methylmercury chloride in subjects sensitive to ethylmercury chloride (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 40 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The aim of this paper was to evaluate whether methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) aq., when patch tested in a group of thimerosal-positive subjects reacting to ethylmercury chloride (EtHgCl), might be a reliable model for the better understanding of interactions between alkylmercury compounds and the skin. 19 out of 21 consecutive patients who previously had given positive patch-test reactions to both ethylmercury chloride 0.0165% eth.(EtHgCl, 0.615 mM) and MeHgCl 0.031% aq.(1.23 mM), and negative reactions to thiosalicylic acid 0.05% (3.24 mM) aq./eth. 50/50, were repatch tested to 8 μl of MeHgCl 0.031% aq. and to 8 μl of aq. solutions containing MeHgCl mixed with cysteine, glutathione, ZnSO4, Mg SO4, Mn SO4, ZnCl2, MgCl2 and Mn Cl2, respectively. The results showed that cysteine, glutathione and Zn(II) salts were able to abolish the positive reactions, demonstrating the rôle played by both thiol groups and Zn(II) itself. Patch tests concomitantly carried out in 16 out of 19 patients to 8 μl of aqueous MeHgCl and to 8 μl of aqueous solutions containing MeHgCl and MeHgCl mixed to fragment 56-61 of metallothionein I (MT I), MT I and MT II-Zn, respectively, revealed that all the MTs tested were able to reduce or to inhibit the reactions, demonstrating the effect of the thiol groups. Due to the close chemical similarities to EtHgCl and to its water solubility, MeHgCl seems to be a suitable model for evaluating the reactivity of alkylmercury compounds in the skin. We speculate that both EtHg- and MeHg-derivatives are xenobiotics with similar reactivity. However, the lack of clinical relevance of the reactions to both alkyl compounds lead us to conclude that, since environmental exposure does not seem to play a pivotal rôle, they probably have mostly to do with compounds included in in the standard series, and are elicited by reduced function of physiological SH chelators.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb05969.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thimerosal positivities: the rôle of SH groups and divalent ions (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 39 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: For a better understanding of the mechanistic details of the interactions of organomercury compounds inside the skin, 32 subjects who previously had given positive patch-test reactions to thimerosal (TH) and negative reactions to thiosalicylic acid, were divided into 2 groups. 16 subjects were repatch tested to ethylmercury chloride (EtHgCl) and to solutions containing EtHgCl mixed with L-cysteine and glutathione, respectively. The remaining 16 were repatch tested to EtHgCl and to solutions containing EtHgCl mixed with chlorides of Zn, Mg, and Mn, respectively. The results showed that whilst L-cysteine, glutathione and ZnCl2 were able to abolish or to reduce the positive reactions to EtHgCl, chlorides of Mg and Mn were unable to do so. Patch tests revealed that in causing positive reactions to TH, EtHg probably interacted with thiol groups and with Zn ions, as in biological systems when causing toxic effects. The limited number of TH reactions in the general population, the constant presence of concomitant positive reactions to EtHgCl and MeHgCl, and the lack of cross-reactivity with other organic or inorganic mercury compounds, lead us to speculate that reactions to TH are due to organomercury alkyl compounds, and that positive subjects have a constitutively reduced capability to metabolize organomercury compounds, rather than to reveal previous exposure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05860.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thimerosal positivities: the role of organomercury alkyl compounds (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 38 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Contact allergy to thimerosal (TH) has not been considered a marker for mercury allergy, since there is a low degree of cross-sensitivity to inorganic as well as to organic mercury salts. 40 subjects, who previously gave a positive patch test reaction only to thimerosal 0.1% pet. (Hermal), when simultaneously repatch-tested to solutions containing TH, mersalyl acid, p-amino-phenylmercuric acid, mercuric acetate and thiosalicylic acid, respectively, gave positive reactions only to TH. 36 out of 40 subjects were divided into 2 groups of 18 subjects and simultaneously repatch-tested to solutions containing TH, methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl), thiosalicylic acid, and, ethylmercury chloride (EtHgCl), respectively. EtHgCl was tested in the 1st group at 0.031% and in the 2nd group at 0.015%. The results showed that all subjects gave concomitant positive reactions to TH, EtHgCl and MeHgCl. EtHgCl 0.031% gave a higher number of +++ reactions than EtHgCl 0.015%, underlining the rôle of the solvent in these reactions. Patch test results in 300 consecutive patients to a standard series, to which MeHgCl was added, showed that MeHgCl and TH were never able to give isolated positive reactions, and that the concomitant positive reactions occurred in only 3.6% of subjects. In conclusion, our data seem to suggest that the positive reactions to TH found in our patients were due to EtHgCl, and that the structural similarities with MeHgCl were so close that the skin reacted against each as if they were identical.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05767.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ZnSO4 treatment of NiSO4-positive patients (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 40 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06066.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contact dermatitis from topical alkylamines (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb05264.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contact dermatitis to fragrances (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 16 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: 2 groups of patients (1200 and 1500 respectively) were patch tested with different concentrations of perfume mix and fragrance raw materials. The study was to evaluate the incidence of contact dermatitis to fragrances in Roma, Italy, and the influence of limited variations in fragrance and perfume mix concentrations on patch test responses. The results showed that a decrease in the perfume mix concentration from 16% to 8% correlated with a decrease in the % of positive patients (from 5.2%j to 3.6%). Variations in the concentration of fragrance raw materials did not influence the % of positive reactions in the 2 groups. The perfume mixture at 16% or 8% gave some positive results, without a corresponding reaction to any of the constituents, that were not related to an excited skin syndrome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01386.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nickel/magnesium interactions in nickel-sensitive patients (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 33 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Experimentally demonstrated interactions between Ni2+ and Mg2+ were examined in human beings. 110 subjects patch-test-positive to 10μl aq. NiSO4 0.1 M were solutions into groups of 30.50 and 30 people. Each subgroup was tested to 10μl NiSO4 0.1 M solution as a control and to mixed solutions containing NiSO4 0.1 M together with. respectively MgSO4 0.1 and 0.3. 0.3 and 0.5 and 0.5 and 1 M. On increasing the applied concentrations of MgSO4, the % of patients with reduced or suppressed nickel reactions, with 1 exception, proportionally increased. The exception concerned testing with 0.5 M. where a paradoxically exacerbating increase in nickel reactions was seen in a majority of nickel-sensitive subjects. MgCl2 aq. at 0.3. 0.5 and 1 M concentrations was not able to reduce the cutaneous patch test positive reactions to NiCl2 0.1 M in 25 sensitive patients. On increasing the applied concentrations of MgCl2 both the number and intensity of patch test reactions to NiCl2 proportionally increased. A supposed role of the sulfate and chloride counterions in the penetration of nickel was examined in 30 NiSO4 5% patch-test-positive testing to 10μl of aq, NisO4 0.1 M. NiCl2 0.1 M. NiSO4 0.1 M + MgCl2 0.3 M, NiCl2 0.1 M + MgSO4 0.3 Na2SO4 0.3. NiSO4 0.1 M + Na2 SO4 0.3 M, NiSO4 0.1 M + Na2SO4 0.3 NiCl2 0.1 M+ NACl 0.3 M the findings suggest that the addition OF sulfate or chloride to nickel could determine the formation of different Ni complexes directed toward different targets, one Mg2+ -dependent, the other Mg2+ -independent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00442.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contact dermatitis from Tetrapanax papyriferum trichomes (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 35 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02304.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kaposi-like acro-angiodermatitis of amputa ion stump caused by suction socket prosthesis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 27 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb05236.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contact dermatitis from Euphorbia pulcherrima (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 12 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb01142.x
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