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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 38 (1990), S. 1007-1011 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 8 (1978), S. 372-375 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A high histamine content was found in all areas of human gastric and duodenal mucosa. In single subjects there was no general preference of histamine being located predominantly in fundus and corpus. In biopsy specimens of human corpus mucosa many histamine-containingo-PD reactive cells could be identified. In the sections treated previously witho-PD also many toluidine blue staining cells (mast cells) could be visualized. As shown by a transcription technique their place and number was the same as those ofo-PD reacting cells. It is concluded that histamine in human corpus mucosa is localized exclusively in mast cells which seem to participate in acid secretion and in duodenal ulcer disease in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 205 (1997), S. 158-164 
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Adulteration ; Carbon-13 ; Citric acid ; Ethanol ; Malic acid ; Tartaric acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The δ13C-values of organic acids and their correlations to those of the sugar and ethanol, respectively, from 57 EU data bank wines of the Rheinpfalz area (years 1991 – 1993) and from some of their corresponding musts have been determined. In addition to the well established difference between fermented sugar and ethanol (Δδ13C = –1.7±0.2‰), a new constant correlation was found in wine for ethanol and citric acid (Δδ13C = +2.4±0.4‰). From this result a fixed δ-value difference for citric acid in wine to the fermented sugar of +0.7±0.6‰ can be deduced. The δ13C-values of L-malic acid and L-tartaric acid in must were not altered by the alcoholic fermentation; they should therefore directly provide access to the δ13C-value of the natural sugar in must. However, in non-adulterated wines the expected δ13C-value differences between these acids and ethanol showed unsatisfactory correlation coefficients. For L-malate this is attributed to the secondary (partial) degradation of this acid by the malolactic fermentation; a corresponding correction is envisaged in order to make L-malate available as an internal standard. As a reason for the unsatisfactory correlation between L-tartaric acid and ethanol, it is supposed that the time of its maximum biosynthesis period does not coincide with that of glucose in the grape ripening period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Anaphylactoid reactions in man following administration of drugs solubilized with cremophor El® (polyethylenglycolglycerol riconoleate) are a considerable clinical problem. Since these reactions occur in dogs on first exposure and in pigs on second exposure, the ‘dog model’ was used in this communication to analyse components and chemical modifications of cremophor El and its components for their clinical effects, their hypotensive actions and their histamine-releasing capacity. Two series of experiments in 1978 and 1980 were performed in 144 adult mongrel dogs of both sexes. In these studies histamine release wasnot related to the effect of the solubilizing agents as tensides and was elicited by rather low doses (about 10–100 mg/kg i.v.). The effect of these substances on blood pressure and on blood histamine levels was connected with distinct chemical features: the most potent compounds were oxethylated and additionally esterified unsaturated or hydroxylated fatty acids. Several phases in hypotensive reactions were observed, including an immediate response, a delayed blood pressure response and a late response about 15–20 min after injection. Only the delayed response was associated with histamine release. The combination of cardiovascular effects and histamine release was fatal on some occasions indicating that histamine release can be dangerous. Compared to cremophor El, the tenside effect was equal, but the toxicity was reduced in oxethylated 12-hydroxystearic acid. It is recommended that this solubilizer should be used in further extended studies in animals and — if these are successful—in clinical trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histamine assays can be unreliable in individual subjects or samples even though the particular method is in general working very well. Therefore the specificity and accuracy of histamine determination in the gastric aspirate of individual duodenal ulcer patients was thoroughly examined and shown to be satisfactory. Pitfalls of the fluorometric assay were investigated. A native (non-histamine) fluorescence in gastric aspirate which occurs before the addition of OPT was not removed by the original Shore procedure. In the combined assay (Dowex 50+ butanol extraction) this fluorescence no longer interferes with the assay. For the identification of histamine in a single gastric aspirate of an individual duodenal ulcer patient, the reversed blank (3M HCl added to the reaction mixture before OPT instead after OPT), excitation and fluorescence spectra, the heating test with spectra recorded and the HMT test were found to be reliable. The formaldehyde test and the heating test without recording the spectra were useless since they gave false negative results. Since the HMT test was regarded as a reference method it was thoroughly investigated both by theoretical considerations (enzyme kinetics) and by a series of measurements in a single patient as well as in a group of nine subjects. Samples from the period of peak acid output in response to pentagastrin showed an average histamine concentration of about 8 ng/ml and a histamine output of 1.5 μg/30 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From a methodological point of view the relevance of clinical-biochemical trials depends on the answers to mainly four complexes of questions: (1) the reliability of the assays in the clinical situation to be tested, (2) the precision and accuracy of sample-taking, (3) the qualification of the design and the protocols in the clinical part of the trial and (4) the usefulness of the time concepts in the trial concerning biorhythms, seasonal influences, psychological trauma of diagnostic procedures and treatment. In this study mainly the second complex of questions was studied intensely. The precision of the fluorometric histamine assay in biopsy specimens from human gastric mucosa depended on several conditions: Biochemical technique, sample preparation and removal of biopsies from gastric mucosa via endoscopy. The CV% of the whole procedure was about 8-times higher than that of the biochemical technique. In clinical-biochemical studies on the significance of histamine or any other hormone (such as gastrin) in any disease (such as duodenal ulcer) it seems therefore useless to describe the precision of an assay only by the variance of the biochemical technique. Calculation of the histamine content as mean of 3 samples reduced the CV% from 27.2 to 14.9% and should therefore be recommended. The accuracy of the fluorometric histamine assay in biopsy specimens has been tested by several methods recommended by the IFCC and was found to be satisfactory. Conflicing results in the literature concerning the histamine content of human gastric mucosa could be explained on a methodological basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 451-456 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 906-912 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 31 (1953), S. 81-85 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über experimentelle Untersuchungen an Ratten über den Einfluß eines zu mehrstündiger Muskelischämie führenden Traumas (Crush-Syndrom) auf Gerinnungsfaktoren, Blutvolumen und Differentialblutbild berichtet. Die Prothrombinzeit zeigt eine mäßige, die Recalcifizierungszeit eine erhebliche Verkürzung. Die Fibrinogenfraktion (Fibrin) scheint nicht wesentlich vermehrt, hingegen ist, wie sich mit der Costa-Reaktion nachweisen läßt, ein großer Teil des Fibrinogens in die Fibrinogen-B-(Profibrin-)Phase umgewandelt. Es wird eine wesentliche Beeinflussung des Gerinnungspotentials durch die gleichzeitige posttraumatische Histaminämie vermutet. Erythrocytenzahl und spezifisches Gewicht des Serums lassen nach initialer Hämokonzentration eine mehrwöchige Blutvolumenverminderung erkennen. Im weißen Blutbild findet sich eine schwere und langdauernde absolute Leukopenie. Sie steht im Gegensatz zuSelyes „stress“-Konzeption, während Eosinopenie und passagere Lymphopenie damit in Einklang zu bringen sind. Es wird angenommen, daß die Muskelautolyse zur Produktion und Ausschwemmung spezifisch leukocytenschädigender oder -hemmender Stoffe führt. Es verdient betont zu werden, daßalle pathophysiologischen Veränderungen erstnach Wiederherstellung der Zirkulation in der betroffenen Muskulatur einsetzen. Mithin handelt es sich beim Crush-Syndrom um ein reinhumoral ausgelöstes Krankheitsbild.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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